膀胱

The comparative study on the treatment effects of baclofen and verapamil in treating spastic bladder after spinal cord injury: To investigate the possibility and the effect of medicine treatment of spastic bladder, we were the domestic No.1 to treat spastic bladder with baclofen the international newest products of antispastic drugs for striated muscles.

HBaclofen与异博停治疗脊髓损伤后痉挛性膀胱比较研究：为探讨药物治疗痉挛性膀胱的可行性及其疗效，本研究将国际上最新研制的横纹肌解痉药Baclofen在国内首次应用于痉挛性膀胱的治疗。

This study was to assess the impact of preservation of distal prostatic capsula and seminal vesicle during modified radical cystectomy on the functions of orthotopic ideal neobladder and erectile function of bladder cancer patients.

为进一步改善患者术后新膀胱的控尿、排尿功能和阴茎勃起功能，2000年1月至2006年9月，我们综合应用Schilling等[3]、Walsh等[4]及Ghanem等[5]的改良根治性膀胱全切原位回肠代膀胱术治疗膀胱癌患者27例，同期应用经典术式治疗9例患者，将两组进行比较，评价术

It is rational to take ileal loop out from the abdominal cavity to construct neobladder extra corporeally. Intra corporeal formation of detenial sigmoid neobladder is an alternative method for some patients.

形成新膀胱的方法以回肠拉出腹壁外形成新膀胱较为合理，腹腔镜下形成去带乙状结肠膀胱也是一种较好的选择。

The rabbits underwent partial cystectomy and cystoplasty with PBAM and tissue engineering bladder.

雄性新西兰兔行膀胱大部分切除术，分别采用PBAM及构建的组织工程膀胱进行替代修补，每组6只，1、4、8、12周后进行膀胱造影并取材观察修复组织再生情况。

Random cystoscopic biopsies of the bladder and prostatic urethra as well as bladder washings were benign.

随机膀胱内部检验镜的活检的膀胱尿道前列腺和以及膀胱后仍能保持效用为良性。

Methods Specimens of urinary bladder tumors were obtained by biopsy from 30 patients diagnosed with urinary bladder tumor, based on combined examinations of CT and cystoscopic biopsy.

选取30例膀胱肿瘤患者，结合CT和膀胱镜检查活检的病理资料明确诊断，留取膀胱肿瘤组织标本。

Cystoscopy (a technique performed in which urologist exams the inside of the bladder with a lighted telescope) is the primary diagnostic tool for bladder cancer, and the cystoscopic appearance of a tumor can usually provide significant clues regarding the grade and stage of the tumor.

诊断（2）膀胱镜检查（泌尿科医生用一种带光源的内窥镜来检查膀胱粘膜面的一项技术）是诊断膀胱癌的首选方式。膀胱镜检查结果通常能对肿瘤的分期与分级提供重要线索。

200IU BTX-A was dissolved in 8ml normal saline, and the solution of BTX-A was injected into 8 different points in urinary sphincter using a flexible cystoscopic needle, with each point of 1ml solution. The effects was evaluated and followed up. Result: One month after injection, the hydronephrosis decreased from 3.9±1.2cm to 1.1±0.8cm and PUV did so from 187±58ml to 54±18ml in all patients.

对逼尿肌－外括约肌协同失调的13例患者，将200IU BTX-A溶解于8ml生理盐水，在膀胱尿道镜下分点注射于外括约肌内；对DESD合并逼尿肌－膀胱颈协同失调的6例患者，将200IU BTX-A溶解于12ml生理盐水，分点注射于膀胱颈及外括约肌内。1个月后复查上述检查指标。

The growth inhibiting rate of T24 cell lines were detected by MTT methods, apoptosis of cells were detected by flow cytometry, the mechanism of apoptosis was analyzed by detecting the protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9, Caspase-3 and cytoplastic protein Cytochrome C. 4 We injected live T24 cells into the subcutaneous space of nude mice and successfully built up the animal model of bladder carcinoma. The effect of CS-PAA-EPI polymer magnetic microspheres targeting chemotherapy was investigated by HE staining, TUNEL ,tumor weight and volume inhibition rate. Results: 1 TEM revealed that the CS-PAA polymer magnetic microspheres were regular spherical shape,the average diameter was 80nm in dry condition. By controlling the pH value of the medium,polymers had positive or negative zeta potential. VSM showed the CS-PAA polymer magnetic microspheres had superparamagnetic. The diameter of CS-PAA-EPI polymer magnetic microspheres were 200nm in solution by DLS examining,the embedding ratio was 20%,the EPI loading rate was 15%, which was higer than reported in other articles. 2 Raw eye observation found that the rat"s bladder of treatment group was brown color,which meaned the aggregation of iron particles, compared with the control group, iron stain found iron particles were assembled in rat"s bladder of the treatment group, the amount of iron particles in liver and spleen were less obviously.

研究结果：1合成的CS-PAA磁性聚合物微球呈球形，大小均一，TEM测定其干态下粒径为80nm左右，磁化曲线证实具有超顺磁性，具有一定的PH敏感性，固载表柔比星后，水溶液性状稳定，无沉淀物，DLS测定直径约200nm左右，测定载药率为15％，较文献报道高，包封率为20％。2肉眼观察试验组大鼠膀胱表面呈褐色，可见大量的Fe粒子聚集，普鲁士兰染色法显示，试验组大鼠膀胱壁内有大量的Fe粒子，分布至膀胱壁全层，与对照组大鼠相比，试验组大鼠的肝、脾内的Fe粒子聚集量明显降低；HPLC测定结果与Fe染色相同；高剂量磁性CS-PAA-EPI生理盐水组及单纯EPI生理盐水组均在给药后14天出现血肌酐和尿素氮的升高，其他组大鼠血生化指标没有明显变化。3MTT法发现，高、中、低剂量磁性CS-PAA-EPI生理盐水组在外加磁场的协同作用下杀伤T24细胞效应明显高于单纯的EPI生理盐水组，FCM发现试验药物组可引起明显的肿瘤细胞凋亡，试验药物治疗组细胞胞浆内出现了由线粒体释放出的细胞色素C，试验组细胞Bcl-2蛋白减少，Bax蛋白变化不明显，Caspase-3、Caspase-9蛋白受到了激活活化。4高、中、低剂量磁性CS-PAA-EPI生理盐水组的瘤重抑制率和瘤体积抑制率均明显高于单纯的EPI生理盐水组(P＜0.01)，其中高剂量组的抑制率最高。

The role of NO in the bladder detrusor is not yet clear.

NO参与调节膀胱颈部肌肉的松弛，NO活性的降低可能是临床上BPH出现膀胱出口梗阻症状的原因之一，但NO在膀胱逼尿肌中的作用尚不明确。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。