膀胱

Result 35 cases all had been cured with different methods (bladder douche, cystoscope operation, patefaction operation, etc.) successfully.

结果：对35例膀胱内大量积血的患者，通过选择不同方式（膀胱冲洗、膀胱镜下手术、开放手术等）成功清除了膀胱内积血。

Cystoscope examination together with pathologic biopsy was important...

膀胱镜检查结合活检对腺性膀胱炎早期诊断有重要意义；TUR加膀胱药物灌注是腺性膀胱炎的有效治疗方法

Different sacral nerve roots have different dominative effects to bladder smooth muscle. It is meaningful for patients of spinal cord injury to improve their urination function by performing artificially electric stimulation for emiction through the main nerve roots controlling of bladder or rebuilding artificial bladder reflex arc by neurorrhaphy

不同的骶神经根对膀胱平滑肌的支配效能不同，利用膀胱平滑肌的主要支配神经根进行人工电刺激排尿或通过神经吻合重建人工膀胱反射弧，对提高脊髓损伤患者的膀胱排尿功能有一定的意义。

At present,ICC-like cells similar to ICC in morphology and immunology is isolated and cultured from guinea-pig bladder,and it has many characters of pacemaker cells,of which the electrophysiology in relaxation and contraction of bladder is a key problem attracting more attention.That in morphology and physiology of the status quo were reviewed in This article.

目前已从豚鼠膀胱中成功地分离培养出了在形态学和免疫学上与ICCs 相似的细胞，被命名为"膀胱Cajal样间质细胞"，并发现这些细胞具有起搏细胞的某些特征，因而这类细胞的电生理活动与膀胱功能的关系成了广大科研人员关注的问题，本文就膀胱Cajal样间质细胞的形态学及生理学的研究现状进行了综述。

MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred patients with lower urinary tract symptoms were instructed to keep a 3-day voiding diary. Patients were instructed to record the time and volume of their water intake, voided urine volume, and number and time of sensation of urgency and episodes of urge incontinence. Patients were diagnosed according to their clinical findings as having a normal bladder, hypersensitive bladder, overactive bladder, polydipsia polyuria, or nocturnal polyuria. Thirty-six patients underwent a urodynamic study to further assess their lower urinary tract dysfunction, for which urodynamic results were classified as a normal bladder, detrusor overactivity, or bladder hypersensitivity.

材料与方法：一百位具有下尿路症状的病人经由指示记录三日排尿日志，每一位病人均记录其喝水及排尿的时问和容量，以及感觉急尿或发生尿急失禁的次数，根据其临床发现诊断为正常膀胱、超敏感性膀胱、膀胱过动症、多喝水性多尿症，或是夜间多尿症，其中三十六位病人接受了尿动力学检查以进一步评估其下尿路功能异常，依其尿动力学检查分类为正常膀胱，逼尿肌活性过强，或是膀胱超敏感性。

Bladder artery comes from umbilical artery and along the bladder border to the bladder top and branchestoward bladder ventrally or dosally wall.

膀胱动脉主要起自脐动脉，沿膀胱侧缘行向膀胱顶，沿途发出1～4支基本对称的分支分布于膀胱前面，两侧膀胱动脉的分支在其表面有吻合现象。

objective to study the ct diagnosis of ureteral calculus at the distal end of ureter.methods 82 cases of ureteral caculus were examined by ct scanning.all cases were proved by clinical therapeutic results.results ureteral calculuses were showed as high density image in ct scanning.the ct values of the ureteral calculuses less than 7.5mm in diameter were beyond 83hu.the detection rate by ct was 96.3%.in all the 82 cases,ureteral with calculuses were found dilated and 69 cases with nephrohydrosis.in 13 cases with no nephrohydrosis,caculuses less than 3.8 mm in diameter were found.conclusion ct is the most valuable way to diagnose ureteral calculus at the lower end of ureter.appropriate methods of ct scanning are essential.

目的 回顾性分析输尿管膀胱入口处结石的ct诊断结果，评价其ct检查的临床应用价值。方法分析82例输尿管膀胱入口处结石的ct检查结果，所有病例均经尿道排石证实。结果输尿管膀胱入口处结石具有特征性的ct表现，即圆形或枣核状钙化高密度影，结石直径＜7.5mm，ct值≥83hu，ct确诊率96.3%。82例均发现病侧输尿管增粗，69例发现病侧肾盂少量积水，肾盂未见积水的输尿管膀胱入口处结石13例，其结石直径＜3.8mm。结论 ct检查输尿管膀胱入口处结石具有准确、无创、直观等优点，是诊断输尿管膀胱入口处结石不可替代的检查方法。

Higter Piso than those with stable bladders, but the bladder capacity and the volume while feeling the first desire to void were decreased significantly in patients with detrusor instability than those with stable bladder.

再根据是否出现DI，把59例BPH病人分为不稳定膀胱组和稳定膀胱组，不稳定膀胱组的I-PSS、尿流加速度和Piso显著高于稳定膀胱组，初次尿液和膀胱最大容量显著低于稳定膀胱组。

Results Angiography showed that the bladder-like filling defect Botryodes7 cases, bladder trigone large lobulated filling defect in 1 cases of video, 5 cases of bladder wall. Four cases of bladder CT examination showed typical grape cluster-shaped cavity below the abdominal wall muscles and soft tissue density mass, partial bladder wall thickening, enhanced scan showed lesions with mild to moderate strengthening.

结果 造影显示膀胱内葡萄簇状充盈缺损7例，膀胱三角区大的分叶状充盈缺损影1例，5例膀胱壁毛糙。4例CT检查均显示膀胱腔内典型葡萄簇状低于腹壁肌肉密度软组织肿块，局部膀胱壁增厚，增强扫描病灶呈轻中度强化。

The purpose of this study was to examine the difference between using bladder scan and catheterization on 87 rehabilitation patients to evaluation the amount of residual urine. After voiding, each subject was scanned with a BladderScan BVI 3000, then catheterized for postvoid residual urine volume. Repeat measure ANOVA analysis showed that the factors of gender, diagnosis, posture, the thickness of abdominal fat, bladder shape, the amount of urine, and the interval of operation time have no difference in this study. It takes 45 ± 18 seconds (range: 17-119) to accomplish a bladder scan, and it takes 280 ±106 seconds (range: 136-664) for nursing staff to complete a catheterization for patient. However, the catheterization process takes nursing staff 3-8 times longer then operating a bladder scan. This would diminish unnecessary catheterization and save on medical staff resources.

本研究对87位需做余尿量评估的复健病人，在排尿后以膀胱超音波BVI 3000机型测量扫描余尿量，然后接著给予间歇导尿，以repeat measures ANOVA分析，结果发现膀胱超音波及导尿测量所得尿量是无差异(F=0.38 p=。68)，再以性别、诊断、姿势、腹部脂肪厚度、膀胱形状、尿量、操作间隔时间等因素做分析，以repeat measures ANOVA检定亦无差异，同时测量两种测量方法所花费护理时数：膀胱超音波平均为45±18秒(range： 17-119秒)，导尿为平均280±106秒(range： 136-664秒)，结论是膀胱超音波与导尿方式对余尿量的测量一样好，膀胱超音波与导尿时间相差约3-8倍的护理时数，先以超音波来测量余尿量可以减少不必要的导尿次数及节省医疗人力成本。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。