膀胱

Bladder stimulation has obvious symptoms, the need for cystoscopy and biopsy, cystoscopy alone sometimes misdiagnosed.

有明显的膀胱刺激症状，需要膀胱镜检及活检，单纯膀胱镜检有时误诊。

Methods The clinical and histopathologic symptoms of two patients with sarcomatoid carcinoma of the bladder were macrohematuria and vesical irritability. Cystoscopy showed the carcinoma was solid tumor with necrotic tissue on the surface. Sarcomatoid carcinoma was mainly composed of transitional epithelial cancer cells and malignant mesenchymal cells (spindle cells and polymorphic cells), with a transitional region of interlacement of these cells. Immunohistochemical testing showed the cells were positive for cytokeratin, c arcinoembryonic antigen and smooth muscle actin.

分析2例膀胱肉瘤样癌患者的临床资料并结合文献进行讨论。2例患者均有肉眼血尿或伴有膀胱刺激症，膀胱镜检查为实体瘤，表面有坏死组织；病理表现，肿瘤主要由移行上皮癌细胞和恶性间叶细胞组成，之间可见移行过渡；免疫组化CK、CEA、SMA。

Herein we compared the physiological changes in three different bladder reconstructions including 6 augmentation cystoplasties, 11 Kock pouches, and 7 urethral neobladders constructed by a detubularized terminal ileal segment of the same length.

本研究共收集6例膀胱扩大整型术，11例寇克氏袋，及7例尿道人造膀胱。三者膀胱重建均使用同样40公分的末端回肠，经两次摺疉后形成袋子的主体。

Electro-acupuncture combmed with bladder function training is a safe and effective method for urinary retention in stroke patients, which can facilitate function rehabilitation and improve the capacity of micturition.

电针配合膀胱功能训练，能促进膀胱功能的恢复，改善膀胱排尿功能，是治疗脑卒中后尿潴留的一种安全、有效的方法。

Part two: Urethroplasty by using skin oversleeve with vesicomucosa to treat hypospadias.

为解决单独使用膀胱粘膜尿道成形术后并发症较多的问题，我们设计了皮肤袖套式膀胱粘膜尿道成形术治疗重型尿道下裂及部分首次手术失败的尿道下裂患儿，即用游离包皮内板或游离阴囊中隔皮片在尿道外口处做成一短段尿道，然后用游离膀胱粘膜形成全段人工尿道并从包皮内板或游离阴囊中隔皮片做成的尿道内穿出。

Methods Retrospective analysis was made on the chnical data of 5 cases of pheochromocytoma in urinary bladder.

方法对5例膀胱嗜铬细胞癌的临床资料进行回顾性分析。4例行膀胱部分切除术，1例行膀胱全切除术。

Clinical symptoms, urodynamic test and cystoscopy are the reliable diagnostic methods for BOO caused by bladder neck fibrosis in women. Transurethral partial resection of the cervix vesicae can produce optimistic results.

根据临床症状、尿流动力学检查及膀胱镜检可以明确诊断膀胱颈纤维化导致的BOO，经尿道膀胱颈部分切除术可以取得良好的治疗效果。

Patients were treated with operation, 2 of them with Y V plasty of vesical neck, the others with trasurethral resection of the posterior lip of cervix vesicae.

总结1981年5月～1996年6月收治女性膀胱颈部梗阻病例32例。29例经手术治疗，其中2例行膀胱颈YV成形术，27例经尿道膀胱颈部后唇切除术，效果满意。

Ligating the perineal urethra and filling cystometry after punctio vesicae are a simple and reliable method to establish and evaluate the model of the bladder outlet obstruction in guinea pig leading to the detrusor instability.

经会阴部尿道结扎、膀胱穿刺充盈性膀胱测压是建立及评估豚鼠膀胱出口梗阻引起逼尿肌不稳定模型的一种简单、可靠的方法。

Methods We ligated the perineal urethra of the adult female guinea pigs' and then performed punctio vesicae 6 weeks later, followed by a filling cystometry. And then we observed the bladder pressure, capacity changing and the probability of detrusor instability.

成年雌性豚鼠经会阴部尿道结扎，6周后行膀胱穿刺充盈性膀胱测压，观察膀胱压力、容量变化及逼尿肌不稳定的发生情况。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。