强度

The shearing failure of structural plane is considered to be corresponding to the maximum of real contact area, a criterion is given to distinguish the shearing failure of structural plane and a new select method of shear strength is brought forward subsequently; Examine the influence of geometrical features and thickness of weak intercalation on the integrative strength of weak structural plane based on the composing of basic strengths, formative mechanism of shearing plane and failure pattern; and present the quantitative relation between the strength and thickness.

4详细研究了依附型滑动面中的硬性结构面和软弱结构面力学特性和破坏模式，对硬性结构面引入摩擦学中的粘着摩擦理论，着重研究结构面在剪切过程中实际接触面的变化规律，提出实际接触面积的最大点即为强度破坏点，并结合实际数据进行了验证；对软弱结构面则从其基本强度的组成、内部剪切面的形成机理和破坏模式入手，研究了结构面的几何特性、夹层厚度和强度关系对软弱结构面综合强度值的影响，并给出了定量关系式。

On the ground of simple compression test, a damage equation which reflect structural strength change with pressure is carried out. And it discriminated from the strain types of common soft soil and structural soft soil.

通过分析计算，明确了先期固结压力和结构强度的概念；提出了结构稳定系数，较为准确地判断出土的结构强度的影响程度，为工程设计提供参考；④基于单向压缩试验，提出了结构强度随压力变化的损伤方程；区分了一般性软土与有结构强度的土的压密类型。

The indentation loading curve with a spherical diamond tip was employed to determine the yield strengths and hardening indices of Cu films which were prepared on silicon substrates by different ways with the same thickness of 1. 5μm. The result showed that the yield strength of the Cu film depends on the deposition technology, and is much higher than that of the bulk material.

结果表明，在薄膜厚度相同的条件下，铜膜的屈服强度与铜膜的制备方法有关，选择IBED法较MS法可获得更高的屈服强度〓此外，由两种方法所镀制铜膜的屈服强度均远高于其体材，这与铝膜的情况相一致，说明薄膜与整体材料在强度方面存在显著差异的结论具有普遍性。

The main reason why quarter-sawn board of Larch had greater dry compressing shear strength than flat-sawn board of Larch in normal conditions was great difference between springwood and summerwood of Larch.

造成桦木径切板胶合强度试件的常态压缩剪切强度比弦切板的小的主要原因是由于桦木木材本身弦径向强度的差异，即桦木径向的顺纹抗剪强度比弦向的大。

The calculation results show that the normal component of magnetic intensity is symmetrically distributed around the point of the acting force, where the normal component reach the maximum value; while the tangential component is antisymmetrically distributed around the point of the acting force, where the tangential component inverses its direction sharply.

结果表明，空气中扰动磁场的法向强度和切向强度分布特征明显不同，法向强度关于力作用点对称分布，并且在力作用点处达到最大，而切向强度关于力作用点反对称分布，并且在力作用点处有突变；地磁环境下，磁场对位移的影响可以忽略不计；扰动场强与外力成正比。

The comparative investigation of the characteristics of deformation and AE were conducted and the results are presented as followed: 1. The characteristics of rock AE are correlated to the strength, joints, cracks, and the size and hardness of crystalline grain. 2. The sequence of AE can be divided into four phases: beginning phase, tempestuousness phase, drop phase and dreariness phase. The loss and the duration of the phases are correlated to the rock character and flaws in the rock. 3. The AE rate characteristics are not almost concordant with the AE energy rate. 4. Besides the homogeneity, the strength of rock contributes the activity of AE. The higher the strength is, the lower the activity is. 5. There is a dreariness phase before the failure of most kinds of rock. 6. Whether the precursor is obvious is correlated to rock the character, and the precursor of AE rate is more apparent than the precursor of AE energy rate comparatively.

通过对比研究这六种不同岩石的变形和声发射特征发现，岩石声发射受到岩石强度、节理裂隙和晶粒软硬大小等的影响；岩石声发射过程存在初始区、剧烈区、下降区和沉寂区，各个阶段是否存在及持续时间与岩石强度、内部缺陷等有关；岩石的声发射事件率特征与能量率特征并不完全一致；岩石的声发射活性除了受其均匀性影响外，还受到岩石的强度影响，强度越小，声发射活性越强；大多数岩石破坏前存在一声发射沉寂区；岩石的破坏前兆是否明显跟岩性有关，相比较而言，岩石破坏时的声发射率前兆比声发射能量率前兆更为明显一些。

In this paper, based on the experimental studies, the effects of the ARC-3 glass fiber for the improvement of the flexural tensile and the unconfined compressive of the concrete are analysed. Further statistical relations between flexural tensile strength, volume ratio of fiber and curing time, and a mathmatical model of the flexural tensile is presented. Finally, the optimum fiber volume ratio in the concrete is presented. In this paper, a mathematical model of the volation between the flexural ten...

本文通过大量试验研究，分析了ARC-3型高耐碱玻璃纤维对水混混凝土抗折强度及抗压强度的增强效果；提出了抗折强度与纤维掺量和龄期的统计关系，以及抗折强度的数学模型；提出了最佳纤维掺量；从玻璃纤维增强混凝土的应力-应变关系分析了其塑性性质和抗裂性能，对其抗压模量和抗弯模量的测试分析，提出工程设计时可忽略模量的变化；本文给出的抗折强度与抗压强度关系的数学模型，可直接供生产单位使用。

The affected factors to the whisht intensity of pipeline is analysed in two aspects: defectiveness and non. In the non-defectiveness aspect, the tranversing pipeline is considered as thin-wall container, and the annulus stress emerged from inner pressure as main stress on base of stress influence colligated with temperature and inner pressure, then amends it with the axis orientation stress, with the 4th intensity theory, we can calculate the whisht intensity of river tranversing oil pipeline.

从有缺陷和无缺陷两个方面对管道静强度的影响因素进行了分析，在无缺陷穿越管道的静强度分析中，是将穿越管道视为薄壁容器，并在综合考虑温度和内压对管道的应力影响的基础上，把由内压引起的环向应力当作主要应力，再用轴向应力加以修正，根据强度理论计算相当应力，从而实现了穿越河流输油管道的静强度计算。

The following was studied in this paper:(1) The adhesive strength of polyvinyl alcohol with different degree of polymerization and different degree of alcoholysis (2) The adhesive strength of polyvinyl acetals with different acetalization degree (3) Effects of polyvinyl acetate on adhesive strength of white glue when PVA or polyvinyl acetals was used as its protective colloid.

本文主要研究以下内容：(1)不同聚合度、醇解度聚乙烯醇溶液粘接强度；(2)不同缩醛度的聚乙烯醇缩醛溶液的粘接强度；(3)聚乙烯醇或聚乙烯醇缩甲醛为保护胶体时，聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液的粘接强度，以及研究白乳胶改性物，制备高粘度和高粘接强度的白乳胶。

Taking Bulianta aeolia desert area of Shengfu-Dongsheng coal filed as an example, the subsidence intensity of T2004 and T2005 subsided area, regional aeolian corrosive accumulation and corrosive intensity are studied in comparison with non-subsided area, as well as the single sand dune under the vegetation cover of 10% and different subsidence intensity, the correlation analysis is made about the subsidence intensity and regional aeolian corrosive accumulation.

以神府－东胜煤田补连塔矿风沙区为例，通过野外系统观测，以非塌陷区为对照研究了不同塌陷年限T2004年塌陷区和T2005年塌陷区塌陷强度、区域风沙蚀积量和蚀积强度变化，分析了不同塌陷强度的单体沙丘在植被盖度约为10%时，塌陷强度与区域风沙蚀积量的相关关系。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。