西方文化地

Just because that we adopted the attitude of pragmatism while absorbing the western culture and thoughts, so shielded the redemption consciousness of western culture and sacrifice spirit; shielded the loftiness of tragedy and Bacchus spirit of Dionysos; shielded the western wise man's criticism spirit of self-subversion against metaphysics; shielded the artists 'courage of confronting reality and fearless art experimentation spirit.

正是由于我们在吸纳西方文化思想过程中急切地采用了实用主义的态度，因而屏蔽了西方文脉中的救赎意识、牺牲精神；屏蔽了悲剧崇高及狄奥尼索斯的酒神精神；屏蔽了西方哲人对"形而上学"自我拆解、自我颠覆的批判精神；屏蔽了艺术家勇于对抗现实以及大无畏的艺术实验精神。

Cultural theory from the metaphysical level in terms of Western culture is also a "take-ism" as the value orientation is to the Western theory as a guide, to transform traditional Oriental thinking academic, or to the East and China, to set academic ideas into the procrustean the framework of Western academic thought.

从形而上学层面的人文学说而言，对西方文化也是以"拿来主义"为价值取向，就是以西方学说为指导，来改造东方传统思想学术，或把东方和中国的学术思想削足适履地套入西方学术思想的框架。

In one word,"transformation" means the course and ways to sublate native cultures by absorbing foreign cultures, which is that people would use foreign culture to improve the weak elements in self-culture which are opposed to dominant culture factors under the new circumstances, and make them influence with each other, so that the system of the integral culture is harmonious with social life.

也就是说，在西方文化的冲击下，中国固有思想文化仍然遵循着自身发展的逻辑，并极大地影响到近代社会的发展和人们的行为，从而使整个思想文化体能够在具体的社会生活中达到某种均衡。

The cultural conflict between the West and theEast in this phase was beyond the former Slav faction andWest European faction that either Slavonization orEuropeanization and later populism that simply added Westernculture to Russia's tradition but combined the Western culturewith national traditions dialectically,so that propelled the socialprogress effectively and practically,delt better with the problemabout the conflict and combination of the Western culture andEastern culture provided scientific inspiration for one's owncountry and others backward in economy and culture.

这一时期的东西方化冲突超越了以往的斯拉夫派与西欧派要么斯拉夫化、要么欧化、或后来的民粹主义将西方文化简单加在俄国传统上的形式，而将西方文化与本国传统辨证地结合起来，从而有效而可行地推动了社会的进步，比较好地处理了东西文化冲突与结合的问题，为本国和其他经济文化落后国家的发展提供了科学启示。

It is the important tradition of modern pedagogy in China to pursue the Western new academic trends in the self -negative mentality and formulistic approach for the rapid application in China. Such blind practice has caused the dual separation of Chinese pedagogy in both Chinese culture and Western culture.

以&用&为目的、向西方倾斜而自我否定的学术心态、公式化的创作方式和形式化地追逐西方学术新潮以便迅速在中国加以运用等的结合，是中国现代教育学的重要传统，它导致了中国教育学在文化上的双重隔绝：既隔绝于中国文化历史传统，也隔绝于西方文化历史传统。

The Disseminating of western aesthetical trend in China originated from the spreading of culture by the priests; developed by Chinese intellectuals' initiative translation of western psychology, educational psychology and philosophy; thrived by Chinese intellectuals' great translation of the outstanding aesthetes' ideal and wrote aesthetical books by themselves.

西方美学思想在近现代中国的译介始于西方传教士的向中国传播西方文化的活动，发展于中国知识者对西方心理学、教育学、哲学思想的主动译介，兴盛于中国知识界大量而系统地译介著名西方美学家的美学思想，以及中国美学家写出的一系列自成理论体系的美学论著。

Chinese cities fighting over who should get the next Asian Disneyland, Chinese cultural commissars squabbling over how many American films can be shown in Chinese cinemas, and CCP bosses setting wildly fluctuating Internet-access policies are all evidence of just how mightily China is struggling to manage the power of Western culture.

尼游乐园而争夺，中国的文化官员为中国的电影院可以放映多少部美国电影而争吵，官员制订的网际网路上网政策变化无常，这一切都表明中国在非常起劲地为控制西方文化的力量而斗争。事实上，人权问题最清楚地显示中国是一个政治贱民。中国政府说得不错

The author mainly discusses the relationship between the two culture phenomena: culture identification and culture uniform tendency, describes the culture identification in the minds of people in the period of culture globalization, detailedly traces the historical evolvement of culture identification, and expatiates the theory of cultural nationalism 3identification, strong culture identification and entirely westernization identification, at last objectively gives some opinions on the realistic function of western culture in the development of modern society. Meanwhile, the author does not echo what other says, and entirely opposes the what is called culture imperialism or western culture intimidation, on the contrary, the author impersonally analyses some other voices which is arisen with deconstructionism, reminds people must start from national practice, recognize the predominance and shortcoming of one's own national culture, neither narcissism nor self-humiliation.

本文在经济全球化的基础上，分析了经济交往过程中的文化全球化以及文化交往，阐释了文化交往的过程中，不同的文化由始初的相互冲突、对立、差异到相互理解、接受、直至达到认同的发展过程，论述了文化认同与文化趋同两种不同的文化现象之间的相互关系，叙述了在经济全球化、文化全球化时期人们的文化认同的心路，以及文化认同中的种种文化现象，详细地梳理了文化认同的历史演变，阐述了文化民族主义的文化认同、强势文化认同以及全盘西化的文化认同学说，比较客观地评价了西方文化在现代社会发展中的现实作用，同时也比较客观地分析了全球化时期由于解构主义兴起而出现的几个关于文化认同的其他声音，提醒人们要从本国实际出发，认清自己民族文化的历史优势与不足，既不要自恋，也不要自卑。

Cultural theory from the metaphysical level in terms of Western culture is also a "take-ism" as the value orientation is to the Western theory as a guide, to transform traditional Oriental thinking academic, or to the East and China, to set academic ideas into the procrustean the framework of Western academic thought.

从形而上学层面的人文学说而言，对西方文化也是以&拿来主义&为价值取向，就是以西方学说为指导，来改造东方传统思想学术，或把东方和中国的学术思想削足适履地套入西方学术思想的框架。

The development zone of Russian people is located in the joint of eastern civilization and western civilization,which makes the Russian culture to be affected by both the eastern culture and the western culture.

俄罗斯民族的发展之地处在东西方文明的交汇处，这使得俄罗斯文化既受东方文化的影响，又受西方文化的熏陶。

Methods: Five patients with parkinsonism or dystonia were assigned to general anesthesia using an modified endotracheal tube.

本实验依照人体实验之相关规定进行，五位患有帕金森氏症或肌张力异常的病人接受神经立体定位手术。

If you can benefit from this book, it is our honour.

如果您能从本书获益，这将是我们的荣幸。