教育上的

For example,strict disciplinary division and the structure of knowledge based on curriculum set-up are in discrepancy with the diagnosis of diseases in medical education;the definition of"high quality"medical talents by the guideline in medical education,the emphasis on the social adaptability of medical students upon graduation and the practice of borrowing from the experience in nonmedical education are,to some extent,deviating from the uniqueness of medical education.

在现实社会条件下，医学教育的一些通常做法是违背客观规律的，如严格的"课程"划分以及按课程建立的知识衔接关系并不符合医学实践中认识疾病的一般规律；医学教育指导思想方面对医学人才"高素质"的界定、对医学生毕业即高度适应社会需要的强调、对医学教育充分借鉴某些非医学教育经验的做法，都在一定程度上有违医学教育的特殊规律。

Actually,some routines in medical education are against natural laws.For example,strict disciplinary division and the structure of knowledge based on curriculum set-up are in discrepancy with the diagnosis of diseases in medical education;the definition of"high quality"medical talents by the guideline in medical education,the emphasis on the social adaptability of medical students upon graduation and the practice of borrowing from the experience in nonmedical education are,to some extent,deviating from the uniqueness of medical education.

在现实社会条件下，医学教育的一些通常做法是违背客观规律的，如严格的"课程"划分以及按课程建立的知识衔接关系并不符合医学实践中认识疾病的一般规律；医学教育指导思想方面对医学人才"高素质"的界定、对医学生毕业即高度适应社会需要的强调、对医学教育充分借鉴某些非医学教育经验的做法，都在一定程度上有违医学教育的特殊规律。

Modern distance education based computer and communication technology is a supplement for tradition education, and its goal is strategic transformation of educational model.

建立在计算机与通信技术基础上的现代远程教育是传统教育的一个补充，它的目标是实现教育由精英教育向大众教育的战略性转变。

The result of the research shows that before hand over, the development of Macau moral education was influenced by colonialism for a rather long time, which caused a deviation in moral education development, was totally short of patriotic and national education. After Macau returned to motherland in 1999, the government of Special Administrative Region should put forth effort to strengthen the related patriotic and national obligational education, so as to encourage the Macau moral education comes to more comprehensive development. It is believed that it is the road we must follow for the future moral education in Macau.

研究的结论显示，澳门德育教育的发展，回归以前，是长期受到殖民地主义的影响，导致在德育教育上造成倾斜的发展，完全缺乏爱国及国民义务的教育，在1999年澳门回归祖国之后，特别行政区政府应著力加强有关爱国及国民义务的教育，这样才能使澳门的德育教育具有更全面的发展，相信亦是未来澳门德育教育发展的必由之路。

On the basis of the above analysis, with an eye on contemporary educational reform, the author summarizes the implications of Tao Xingzhi and Xu Teli's idea of creative education on current creative education, the condintions, way ahd method of its implementation and teachers' role in implementing creative education.

本文从创造教育的理念、实施条件、实施途径、方法以及教师在实施创造教育中作用等方面进行比较，在此基础上，着眼与当代教育改革，总结了陶行知与徐特立创造教育思想的启示。

In short, this explorative study for self-identity concept, theory and practice is for the purpose of (1) trying to unitarily understand self-identity concept, in turn to minutely examine the new development of self-identity theory, and to introduce self-identity theories and research methods in western psychology to domestic psychology in order to cause the interest of domestic psychologist to self-identity thesis; and (2) through the empirical study on self-identity of college student, revealing the meaning of self-identity to student development, and the personality characteristics of self-identity status of student, and the characteristics and influential factors of student self-identity development, and the relationship between student self-identity status and mental health condition in order to provide the measurement of empirical study and systematic study data for self-identity researches, in turn to provide basis of theory and method for setting up the theoretical model of Chinese students self-identity; and (3) making up the gaps in empirical researches on self-identity in domestic psychology, opening up a new research domain in colleges and universities student psychology, and enrich the theory on student development researches.

总之，本文对自我同一性概念、理论和实践进行探索性研究，旨在(1)尝试对自我同一性作整合统一的理解并在此基础上，详细考察自我同一性理论的新发展，试图将西方心理学自我同一性理论的发展引入国内心理学，以引起国内学者更多的关注；(2)通过对大学生自我同一性的研究，揭示自我同一性对大学生发展的含义、大学生自我同一性状态的人格特征、大学生自我同一性发展的特征和影响因素、大学生自我同一性状态与心理健康水平的关系，进而为自我同一性的研究提供实证研究的测量工具以及系统的实证资料，为建立中国大学生自我同一性的理论模型提供理论和方法上的基础；(3)弥补国内自我同一性实证研究的空白，开辟大学生心理学研究的新领域，丰富大学生发展研究的理论；(4)当代大学生自我同一性问题的研究既是青年心理学、教育心理学和学校心理学的重要课题，也能为大学生发展和大学教育实践提供心理学依据，特别是在强调创新教育和推进大学素质教育的今天具有重要的实践意义。

As analyzing the household education investment concepts and behaviors in Shanghai, We find the features of household education investment are as followings: utilitarian in investment behaviors coexit with altruism in investment incentive; the deviation between inner ideas and outside actors; unmatch between material input and emotional input; overemphasize on intergernation education investment compared with insufficiency on themselves; the educational expection is beyond the the objective condition; the urban-rural gap is obvious.

在梳理上海市居民家庭教育投资观念与行为的入程中，我们发现上海居民家庭教育投资呈现如下基本特色：一、投资行为选择上的功利性与投资念头上的利他性并存；二、内在观念与外在行为相背离；三、物资投入与感情时光投入不匹配；四、代际教育投资过暖与家长自身教育投资不足；五、教育期望超越客观前提的限制；六、城乡差距显明。

Artistically, using the creation method of describing mental activities can expand topics and deepen the characterization of heart and soul to make infection and education. Educationally, using the methods of suggest podia can stimulate one's potential to improve education benefits.

在艺术上，运用暗示心理描写的创作手法，可以扩大题材，深入地刻画人的心灵，给人以感染和教育；在教育上，暗示教学法能调动人的潜在能力，调动人的无意识活动的精神能动性，大大提高教育效益。

This study describes the multi-facet systematic evolution of the said rural community from 1907 to 2007: from the perspective of ethnic culture, it has changed from a single ethnic cultural community of Yoghur(Ethnic Yugur\'s self-name) ethnic group into a multi-ethnic cultural community with Yoghur ethnic group as the dominating majority and embracing the ethnic groups of Han, Tibetan, Tu, Mongolian and Kazak; from the perspective of language, it has changed from a community where Yoghur and Tibetan languages dominated with the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language as the subordinate into one where the local Chinese dialect and the written Chinese language dominate with the Yoghur language as the subordinate; in the perspective of marriage and heirship system, from a parallel operation of two systems (patrilineal heirship for official marriages and matrilineal heirship system for matrimonial forms through the head-wearing ceremony) to monogamy and patrilineal heirship; in the perspective of means of living, from animal husbandry complemented with hand knitting and camel caravan transporting to agricultural farming complemented with animal husbandry and many others; in the perspective of social organization, from a traditional tribe to a modern country society; in the perspective of political system and social management, from the customs-authority management which combined the dominating headman hereditary system under the tribal union of an imperial dynasty and the subordinating elite influence, to the resource-interest management of party-government departmental system under the ethnic minority autonomy of a nation state; in the perspective of religious faith, from a coexistence of the Gelug Tibetan Buddhism and Shamanism and the devout ancestor worship to the currently prevalent ancestor worship with religions declining and faith weakening; in the perspective of education, from the local-knowledge-oriented education to an official-knowledge-oriented education, in which modern schooling has become the major educational organization instead of the former traditional temple education; the school has replaced the temple as the "knowledge-culture" communication center; at least in the minds of the local people the central role of family education during the children\'s cultural development has also been replaced by schooling.

本研究描述了1907～2007年间，这个乡村社区的多面向的系统变迁：从族群文化的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔为绝对主体的单一族群文化社区转变为一个以尧乎尔为主体的、有汉、藏、土、蒙古、哈萨克等组成的多元族群文化社区；从语言文字的角度而言，从一个以尧乎尔语和藏文为主，以汉语方言和汉文为辅的社区转变为一个以汉语方言和汉文为主，以尧乎尔语为辅的社区；从婚姻与继嗣制度的角度而言，从一个双系并行(明媒正娶婚行父系继嗣制度，帐房戴头婚行母系继嗣制度)的社区转变为行一夫一妻制和父系继嗣制度的社区；从生计方式的角度看，从一个以畜牧业生产为主，以手工编织和驼队运输为辅的社区转变为一个以农业为主，以牧业为辅的、多种生计方式并存的社区；从社会组织的形态而言，从一个传统部落社会转变为一个现代乡村社会；从政治制度和社会控制的角度而言，从帝制王朝的部落联盟制下头目世袭制为主，户族精英为辅的习俗—权威型控制方式转变为一个民族-国家中民族区域自治制度下以党政科层制的资源—利益型控制方式；从宗教信仰的角度而言，从一个格鲁派藏传佛教和萨满教并存，祖先崇拜之风甚烈的社区转变为寺庙衰落、信仰淡化、惟祖先崇拜仍广为流行的社区；从教育的角度而言，从一个以地方知识教育为主的社区转变为一个以官方知识教育为主的社区，现代学校教育取代了传统寺庙教育成为社区的主要教育组织形式，学校取代寺庙成为&知识—文化&传播的中心，在青少年儿童的文化成长过程中，家庭教养扮演的中心角色，至少在乡民的观念上被学校教育替代。

At present, to encourage and develop private education is the general tendency of the world education development.

当前大力鼓励和发展民办教育是世界教育发展的共同趋势，世界上几乎所有的发达国家和许多发展中国家都拥有十分发达的民办教育体系，民办教育成果十分显著。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。