司法

To overcoming these obstacles and realize the judicial independence, we should take the following measures: making the law suability, implementing the constitutional position of the judicial authority, standardizing courts management system and fostering modern judicial culture.

并提出要克服这些障碍实现司法独立应从以下几方面入手：一是赋予法律可诉性；二是落实司法机关的宪政地位；三是规范法院管理体制；四是培育现代司法文化。

This thesis study from the legislative evolution of our countries" death penalty application and the criminal punishment of bribery and corruption that our country"s Taiwan, think that the application of death penalty of our country"s bribery and corruption crime violate the principle of suiting punishment to crime, principle of equity have a deterrent effect to corruption, it is difficult to achieve the aim of criminal punishment totally not accord with the voice of the people of our country and legislative trend of death penalty development of international community. It is a request based on China"s current death policy to abolish death penalty application, the ear of protecting human rights the base of allow capital punishment "equitably" and on the base of ensuring international criminal judicial cooperation, and put forward the method of abolish the capital punishment suability, which should be break though

本论文从研究我国贪污贿赂犯罪死刑适用的立法沿革及国外和我国台湾地区对贪污贿赂犯罪的刑罚规定着手，认为我国贪污贿赂犯罪的死刑适用违反了罪责刑相适应原则和人人平等原则、对反腐无有效的威慑力，难以达到刑罚的目的、不完全符合我国民众的呼声及国际社会死刑发展的立法趋势，废除其死刑适用是基于中国现行死刑政策的要求、基于保障人权的时代需要、基于合理配置死刑的需要及基于国际刑事司法合作的需要，并提出了废止贪污贿赂犯罪的死刑适用的途径宜从民意、政治、法律、经济等四个方面同时进行突破，然后在此基础上笔者提出与上述问题相适应的完善贪污贿赂犯罪刑事立法与加强司法的构想，主张在立法上增设罚金刑、完善资格刑的内容、加重自由刑的适用、提高数额特别巨大的认定标准及调整量刑幅度等；在司法上坚持刑罚的必然性和及时性、提高对贪污贿赂犯罪的追究率、加大对贪污贿赂犯罪财产刑的处罚等。

Legal aid and legal judicial reparation are two systems that protect rights of citizen, but because of all kinds of reasons, legal and judicial succour cannot integrated.

法律援助和司法救助是公民权利保护的两项重要的制度，但是由于种种原因，司法行政机关的法律援助和法院的司法救助没有很好地衔接。

On October the 24-th, 1991 by the initiative of the President of the Russian Federation Boris Yeltsin, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation -- the highest legislative body of the country at that time, approved the Conception of the Judicial Reform for the Russian Federation.

1991年叶利钦启动了俄罗斯司法改革，俄罗斯重要的司法改革从此启动，例如，非常暴力犯罪的死刑，建立宪法法院，法官终身制等。可以说，在苏联的党主一切的前提下，没有空间进行司法独立的改革的。

The first part is reform of test-taking qualification:in 2002(Heisei Year 14),the test-taking qualification of judicial examination was legally amended;a...

改革的目的是将原来的选拔型方式的司法考试制度改为教育培养型的制度，注重通过法学教育过程、司法考试、司法实习的有机结合，来确保职业法律人才的素质。

Songjiang district people's court will deal with criminal, civil and administerial disputes as it rules and execute judicial executive right and deciding right according to the law. They are suppose to supply with judicial advise to the problems discovered in law case inquisition. Publicize legal system during the adjudgement, tell civics to abide the constitution, law, social morality and familial morality. Direct the work of conciliation committee's, undertake all the proceedings that Songjiang people's court should be responsible for.

松江区人民法院的主要审理辖区内法律规定由松江区人民法院管辖的一审刑事、民事和行政纠纷；依法行使司法执行权和司法决定权；针对案件审理中发现的问题提出司法建议；在审判工作中宣传法制，教育公民自觉遵守宪法、法律、社会公德和家庭美德；指导松江区内各级人民调解委员会工作；承办应由松江区人民法院负责的其他事项。

The subject matter of standing in administrative litigation,which is mainly about the judicial protection of "individuals"aggrieved by an alleged misuse of administrative power ,is itself an area where the characteristics and basic trend of the constitutionalization of socialist China are vividly demonstrated.

设立原告资格所要解决的问题是具备何种条件的主体可以成为原告。依据《布莱克法律大辞典》的解释，原告资格又称为&起诉资格&，是指某人在司法性争端中所享有的将该争端诉诸司法程序的足够的利益，其中心课题是确定司法争端对起诉人的影响是否充分。

Finally, according to the two aspects of the certain requirements and judicial practice of didymous crimes of giving a bribe and accepting a bribe, the author puts forward that the restructure of Chinese criminal policy on crime of givinga bribe should be realized from "severe criminal law but incomplete definitions" to "complete definitions but not severe criminal law".

其次从&不正当&、&法律、法规、国家政策和国务院各部门规章&、&不确定利益&和目前对&不正当利益&的界定面临的困惑等角度，阐述了对&两高&司法解释中关于&谋取不正当利益&规定的理解和认识，以便于司法实践中的运用，同时论述了&不正当利益&在理论上存在的问题和给司法实践造成的混乱。

The president said the rising violence from * militants and a serious of * decisions in recent months that he said have demolized long forcement officials, that * terrorists free and undermined his efforts to move the country toward democracy.

总统列举到最近几个月伊斯兰武装力量势头渐长的暴利事件，以及一系列他称之为使法律司法官员挫折其锐气的司法举措，大家知道这些司法官员释放了那些人尽皆知的恐怖分子，还破坏了他对于使这个国家向民主迈进所作的努力。

The Chinese judicial interpretation, because of the ancient clan system grade idea and the thought of the "imperatorial power highest" and the influence of the current system, lacks the organism contact with concrete case law application. And the judicial interpretation separate alienation performance as a kind of independent power with judicial power, not the means to conducting and realizing the purpose of law application.

中国的司法解释，由于受宗法等级观念和&皇权至上&的思想以及现行制度体制的影响，司法解释与具体案件法律适用缺乏有机联系，而且司法解释与司法权相分离，异化表现为一种独立的权力，而不是作为实现法律适用目的的手段。

What are your goals and strategies for growth?

你的成长目标和策略是什么？

And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven irits of God, and the seven star I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.

3：1 你要写信给撒狄教会的使者，说，那有神的七灵和七星的，说，我知道你的行为，按名你是活的，其实是死的。