司法

However , with the change of society , judicial activism is weakened and factualism is doubted . Holding of the review in judicial practice also proves unsatisfactorily .

随着我国社会的整体转型，司法能动主义受到削弱，真实发现主义受到质疑，加之全面审查要求与实践的脱节，与司法其它价值及与司法整体改革方向的冲突，对其改革不可避免。

Some regulations about bending the law in arbitrating were mentioned in the sixth draft of amendment of criminal law submitted to the full meeting of the 19~ session of the standing committee of 10~ National People's Congress.

由于社会上存在着不良风气，司法机关也不是生活在真空当中，因此在司法活动中也一定程度上存在着执法不公、询私枉法的现象，这种司法不公的现象同样也出现在仲裁活动中。

To deepen the reform of the judicial system, courts at various levels have strengthened the administration of justice and law enforcement, actively implemented the system of choosing and appointing presiding judges and individual jurors, fully carried out the system of public adjudication, perfected the judicial rehabilitation system, and further intensified the internal supervisory and circumscribing mechanism of the courts and the mechanism for correcting errors, thereby effectively safeguarding impartial justice.

各级法院深化司法体制改革，加强审判和执行工作，积极推行审判长和独任审判员选任制，全面落实公开审判制度，完善司法救助制度，进一步强化法院内部监督制约机制和纠错机制，有效地维护了司法公正。

Grasping the essential feature makes it easy to make the right judgement on all the problems The author specially notes that the contradictory judicial definitions between the Super Court and the Super Procuratorate is the major reason for the deputes in the judicial practices.

笔者在文中特别强调，&两高&司法解释的矛盾是造成司法实践争议的主要原因，为维护法律尊严，更好地惩治贪污贿赂犯罪，应尽快在司法实践各部门中达成共识。

We should refer to the economic organizational theory and methods to study the incentives on judiciaries in order to maximize the value of justice.

为了实现司法公正，应借鉴经济组织理论与方法来研究司法者激励问题，以促使其实现司法价值最大化的目标。

At present, it is the focus of the judicial reform in our country. But the jurisdiction must be supervised because of the theoretic facts such as the idea of judicial justice, the power character of the jurisdiction and the subjectivity of the trial procedure. In the practice, the supervision to the jurisdiction is necessary because of the low-level quality of the judiciaries and the lots of judicial corruption phenomena.

实现审判独立无疑是我国当前司法改革的关键所在，但审判独立不是绝对的独立，司法公正理念的根本要求、审判权的权力本性、审判权运行过程的主观性等三个方面决定了必须对审判权实施监督；而我国目前法官队伍的素质不高、司法腐败现象普遍等也决定了必须对审判权实施监督。

The papers have the following innovations:(1) to realize judiciaries' incentives as basement and guarantee of fairness realization, and certificate on this viewpoint based on the theme of models derived and empirical analysis.

本论文具有如下创新点：（1）把司法者激励作为实现司法公正的关键和保障，并对该主题通过模型推导和实证分析进行了验证，从而有别于以往将司法者激励问题作为对其管理的一个附属手段或法院治理中的一个从属问题。

Besides the enough theoretic basis,there have many realistic bases to the supervision to the jurisdiction,including the structure of the judiciaries,the phenomenon of judicial corruption,the lacking of judicial authority and judicial belief in the public.

但司法不公、司法腐败现象仍旧乃至更甚的现实不得不使人们认识到，司法公正目标的实现不仅需要审判独立，而且需要完善的对审判权的监督机制。

First, as the judicature, it regarding An Di is unfair, because sentences by mistake is put in prison, but does for judicial symbol warden in order to continue to let peacefully enlighten stays behind launders money for him has gunned down the soup rice, in this judicial machine, the human life like was worthless, the law could not do in true significance fair.

首先，作为司法，它对于安迪是不公正的，因为误判而入狱，而做为司法象征的监狱长为了继续让安迪留下为他洗钱而枪杀了汤米，在这个司法机器内，人命如草芥，法律不能作到真正意义上的公平。

Judicial Authentication are playing an more and more important role in criminal procedure.

司法鉴定的启动是实施司法鉴定的前提，在司法鉴定体系中处于核心地位。

What are your goals and strategies for growth?

你的成长目标和策略是什么？

And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven irits of God, and the seven star I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.

3：1 你要写信给撒狄教会的使者，说，那有神的七灵和七星的，说，我知道你的行为，按名你是活的，其实是死的。