共同海损

Is entitled, subject to the conditions imposed by maritime law, to a ratable

它包括共同海损牺牲和共同海损费用。

Where there is a general average loss, the party on whom it falls is entitled, subject to the conditions imposed by the maritime law, to a ratable contribution from the other parties interested, and such contribution is call general average contribution.

如果发生共同海损损失，根据海商法规定的条件，遭受损失的一方有权从其他有关利益方得到比例分摊，这种分摊称为共同海损分摊。

3When there is a general average loss, the party on whom it falls is entitled, subject to the conditions imposed by maritime law, to a ratable contribution from the other parties interested, and such contribution is calle d a general average contribution.

3若发生共同海损损失，根据海商法规定的条件，遭受损失的一方有权从其他利益方得到比例分摊，这种分摊称为共同海损分摊。

Where there is a general average loss, the party on whom it falls is entitled, subject to the conditions imposed by Maritime Law, to a rateable contribution from the other parties interested and such contribution is called a general average contribution.

""在存在共同海损损失之场合，遭受损失的一方，有权根据海商法强行规定的条件，从其他受益各方获得比例分摊，此种分摊称为共同海损分摊。

Commencing from the basis of carrier's liability established in Hague Rules, this paper analyzes the relation between the ship interests'fault and general average contribution in conjunction with an introduction of the respective judicial practices and doctrines in United Kingdom, United States and China in this respect together with the understanding as to Rule D of York-Antwerp Rules 1974, and therefore concludes as follows:(1) No contribution may be collected from cargo where the general average was occasioned by the ship interests'fault, whether exemptible or actionable.

本文从《海牙规则》所确立的船东责任制度出发，结合英美两国及我国的司法实践和观念以及对《1974年约克-安特卫普规则》的规则D的理解，针对船方的过失与共同海损分摊之间的关系进行了探讨，并得出如下结论： 1、无论船方的过失是否可以根据法律或合同予以免责，只要该过失使得共同海损行为成为必要，船方就无权要求货方参与分摊。

Damage caused to any machinery and boilers of a ship which is ashore and in a position of peril, in endeavouring to refloat, shall be allowed in general average when shown to have arisen from an actual intention to float the ship for the common safety at the risk of such damage; but where a ship is afloat no loss or damage caused by working the propelling machinery and boilers shall in any circumstances be made good as general average.

在船舶搁浅并有危险的情况下，如经证明确是为了共同安全，有意使机器、锅炉冒受损坏的危险而设法起浮船舶，由此造成任何机器和锅炉的损坏，应认入共同海损，但船舶在浮动状态下因使用推进机器和锅炉所造成的损失，在任何情况下都不得作为共同海损受到补偿。

Damage caused to any machinery and boilers of a ship which is ashore and in a position of peril, in endeavouring to refloat, shall be allowed in general average when shown to have arisen from an actual intention to float the ship for the common safety at the risk of such damage; but where a ship is afloat no loss or damage caused by working the propelling machinery and boilers shall in any circumstances be allowed as general average.

在船舶搁浅并有危险的情况下，如经证明确是为了共同安全，有意使机器、锅炉冒受损坏的危险而设法起浮船舶，由此造成任何机器和锅炉的损坏，应认入共同海损，但船舶在浮动状态下因使用推进机器和锅炉所造成的损失，在任何情况下都不得作为共同海损受到补偿。

When a ship is ashore and cargo and ship's fuel and stores or any of them are discharged as a general average act, the extra cost of lightening, lighter hire and reshipping, and the loss or damage sustained thereby, shall be admitted as general average.

作为共同海损行为而卸下搁浅船舶的货物、船用燃料和物料时，其减载、租用驳船和重装的额外费用和由此造成共同航程中的财产的任何灭失或损坏，都应认作共同海损。

When a ship is ashore and cargo and ship's fuel and stores or any of them are discharged as a general average act, the extra cost of lightening, lighter hire and reshipping, and any loss or damage to the property involved in the common Maritime adventure in consequence thereof, shall be allowed as general average.

作为共同海损行为而卸下搁浅船舶的货物、船用燃料和物料时，其减载、租用驳船和重装的额外费用和由此造成共同航程中的财产的任何灭失或损坏，都应认作共同海损。

When a ship is ashore and cargo and ship's fuel and stores or any of them are discharged as a general average act, the extra cost of lightening, lighter hire and reshipping, and any loss or damage to the property involved in the common Maritime adventure in consequence thereof, shall be admitted as general average.

作为共同海损行为而卸下搁浅船舶的货物、船用燃料和物料时，其减载、租用驳船和重装的额外费用和由此造成共同航程中的财产的任何灭失或损坏，都应认作共同海损。

I'm strongly against the death penalty — it's an eye for an eye.

我不赞成死刑——这是以牙还牙的报复行为。

And to get you the support you need, we're enlisting all elements of our national power: our diplomacy and development, our economic might and our moral suasion, so that you and the rest of our military do not bear the burden of our security alone.

并给你们所须的支援，我们正徵召国家所有各种的力量：我们的外交及发展，我们的经济力量与道德劝说，所以你们与其他军人不须要孤独地负起国家安全的责任。