间生态

In multidimensional space,the niche breadths of these plants tended to expand,whereas theniche overlaps tended to decrease and the niche separations tended toincrease.

在多维生态位空间内，各植物种的生态位宽度有扩大的趋势而相互间的生态位重叠有减小的趋势，生态位分离度有增加的趋势。

The related back-nurture demand includes:⑴compensation fee to eco-migrant caused by eco-recovery policy.⑵compensation fee to local inhabitants caused by eco-administer policy.⑶intergovernmental transfer payment caused by eco-recovery and eco-administer policies.⑷expenditure on eco-recovery and eco-administer.⑸defrayment from the beneficiary to the stakeholder caused by the environmental protection policy.

由此引发的反哺需求有五：一是由于实施"生态修复"而对生态移民的补偿；二是由于实施"生态治理"而对区域农民的补偿；三是地方政府实施生态修复、生态治理而发生的政府间专项转移支付；四是生态修复、生态治理财政专项费用；五是下游对上游、开发区域对保护区域、受益地区对受损地区、受益人群对受损人群以及自然保护区内外的利益补偿。

To enhance the qualitative measurement for regional sustainable development has an explicit function of facilitating the environmental construction of the ecosystem.

加强对区域可持续发展水平的定量测度，对促进生态环境建设起着明显的推动作用。为此，用"和度"与"合度"作为区域可持续发展水平的测度指标，测量了1992、1995、2000年全国各省市区生态资产的总量及单位面积上的生态资产密度，并据此分析了各省市区国内生产总值变化与其生态资产间的关系。

From the point of view of geobotany, with the method of correlative factors of growth of plants, a countrywide theoretic ecological division was done for the introduction of Camptotheca acuminata and three kinds of areas of ecological preferent zone, ecological adaptive zone and ecological unadaptable zone were divided. With the theory of synecology, the characteristic on environment, constitution, life form spectrum, diversity, similarity of plots of communities were researched. Applying the method of species association, discrete distribution, indensity index, fractal geometry, etc. to research relations between the species of the communities, space distribution of Camptotheca acuminata, structure of age of Camptotheca acuminata, in different communities. Using the theories of autoecology, distibutons of seeds on land and growth of seedlings in vertical and horizontal directions, biomass of organ of Camptotheca acuminata were analyzed. On the opinions of conservation biology, the external and internal factors impressing Camptotheca acuminata were analyzed to research the mechanism of the endangered species, and with using of CTM Model, the future development direction of Camptotheca acuminata in different communities were forecasted, and. Standing on the position of resources ecology, discussing the regularity of camptothein in Camptotheca acuminata of different sites and seeding of different resources, also the the derive technics of camptothecin.

本文从地植物学的角度，运用植物生长相关因子法，对我国喜树资源的生态适宜区进行了划分，理论上确定了我国的喜树的引种栽培的最适生活区域、生态适宜区域和不适宜生活区域；从群落生态学的角度，对野生喜树所在的典型群落的群落环境、群落组成、群落生活型谱、群落的物种多样性特点、群落样地间相似性进行了研究；从种群生态学的角度，运用种间联结性、离散分布模型、聚集强度指数、分析几何等分析手段，对野生喜树所在典型群落间的种间关系、喜树的空间分布格局、年龄结构等进行了分析；从个体生态学的角度，对不同年龄组的喜树的种子的散落的垂直分布、水平分布、时间分布及种子发芽率和千里重等特点、不同种源的人工喜树苗期特点、喜树的高生长和茎生长特点、喜树的器官生物量特点进行了研究；从保护生物学的角度，对野生喜树的濒危的内部因素和外部因素进行了探讨，并运用CTM模型对不同群落中野生喜树的种群趋势进行了预测；从资源生态学的角度，对我国地理环境下喜树中喜树碱含量的地理分布规律、不同种源的喜树幼苗中喜树碱含量变化规律进行了研究，并对喜树碱的提取工艺进行了探讨。

The authors analyzed the approach of resource use and the relations among members in industrial ecosystem based on the food chain types of natural ecosystem, and attempted to put forward three development models of eco-industrial parks: grazing EIPs, parasitic EIPs and saprophytic EIPs.

基于自然生态系统食物链类型，分析了产业生态系统的资源利用方式以及成员间的相互关系，尝试性地提出适合我国生态产业园区发展的3种典型模式：牧食型生态产业园区、寄生型生态产业园区和腐生型生态产业园区。

In order to understand the influence by the Three Gorges Project and supply basal information of estuary environment before sluice, a study was carried out on the Changjiang Estuary and its adjoining area from 1998 to 2001. This paper discussed mainly the influence by the Three Gorges Project on estuary environment of the Changjiang River. This paper analyses the hydrophysics, deposit environment, hydrochemistry, primary productivity, plankton, benthon and fishery resources of the Changjiang Estuary and its adjoining area, and further the relationship between the environment and runoff of the Changjiang Estuary.

根据调查数据，结合历史资料对三峡水库蓄水前的长江口及邻近海域水文物理、沉积环境、水化学、初级生产力、浮游生物、底栖生物和渔业资源进行了全面分析，并进一步阐明了长江口生态环境与长江入海径流量间的关系；提供了三峡水库蓄水前长江口生态与环境的基础资料，对长江口生态系统健康度作出评价，为长江口生态环境保护与可持续发展奠定了良好的基础。

Getting the spatial information of status, function and change, we have to develop and analysis spatial data with empirical models and process models. Spatial interpolation methods were used to estimate the characteristics of population from samples. Generally, the information are belong to bioecological information of EM. Huei-Sun Forest Experimental Station of NCHU is the study area in the study.

导出多层级间的相容性推估模式，并应用由上层族群分层取样，以得下层样本的技术且由下层之样本性态值分布，往上层推估族群之性态值分布，并以预测技术及Kriging 等空间推估方法，配合假设情境解生物生态、社会经济况改变或人为干扰时，对森生态系的况与产出所造成的影响，以提供森生态系经营管所需的生物、生态资讯。

Although many scholars had attempted to define it, the typical definitions of niche are Grinnell's space niche, Elton's functional niche and Hutchinson's hypervolume niche; Niche metrics include niche breadth, niche overlapping, niche volume and niche dimension, among which niche breadth and niche overlapping are two important indexes that can be used to characterize a species niche and the relationships between species niches.

许多学者都试图给生态位下定义，但最具代表性的当推Grinnell、Elton和Hutchinson分别给出的&空间生态位&、&功能生态位&和&多维超体积生态位&定义；生态位测度包括生态位宽度、生态位重叠、生态位体积及生态位维数等，其中生态位宽度和生态位重叠是描述一个物种的生态位以及物种生态位间关系的重要指标。

Based upon the ecoanatomical method, leaf anatomical characters of eleven populations of six evergreen species (Cyclobalanopsis glauca, C. myrsinaefolia, C. gracilis, Castanopsis sclerophylla, C. eyrei and Lithocarpus glaber) from the eastern subtropical area of China were analyzed and compared with SPSS, DCA and TWINSPAN. The results are: 1. Although the leaf structures of the eleven populations still belong to the mesophyll type, they all express the trend of xerophilization. 2. There are some differences in leaf anatomical characters among populations, species and genera, which occur as the results of their adaptation to different habitats. 3. Different leaf anatomical characters have different variations among populations, species and genera, of which leaf thickness and palisade tissue thickness (considered as ecological adaptation characters) have greater variation than sponge tissue thickness, lower cuticle thickness and lower epidermis thickness (as systematical evolution characters). 4. The leaves of C. sclerophylla and C. glauca with thicker lamina, palisade tissue and cuticle (a multilayered upper epidermis in C. sclerophylla) are thought to better adapt to their dry habitat. The leaves of C. eyrei with thicker sponge tissue, although characterized by a multlayered upper epidermis, adapt to their humid and warm habitat. The leaves of C. myrsinaefolia and C. gracilis characterized by a thinner lamina, a less palisade tissue and a moderate cuticle thickness adapt to the humid and cool habitat in a middle mountain.

选取亚热带东部替代分布明显的壳斗科6种常绿树种（青冈、小叶青冈、细叶青冈、苦槠、甜槠和石栎）的11个种群叶片进行生态解剖，并用SPSS， DCA和TWINSPAN比较分析，结果表明：①尽管6种11个种群叶的结构仍属中生叶型，但有着不同程度的趋旱适应；②叶的解剖性状在属间、种间和种群间均存在着不同程度的差异，这是它们适应各自生境的结果，青冈和石栎的种内差异较大，反映出它们对环境变化有较强响应能力；③叶片的不同解剖性状在属、种类和种群间的变化并不同步，其中叶片和栅栏组织厚度等性状差异突出，反映它们更易受环境的饰变，是生态适应性状，而海绵组织、下角质膜，特别是下表皮厚度等性状差异较小，显示出这些性状的稳定性，可以认为是系统演化性状；④苦槠、青冈具有较厚的叶片、栅栏组织、角质膜和发达输导和机械组织，苦槠还具有复表皮，表现出对旱化生境的适应；甜槠尽管具有复表皮和较厚的叶片，但这是海绵组织增厚的结果，是对中生生境的适应；小叶青冈和细叶青冈具有较薄的叶片和栅栏组织、角质膜厚度居中等特点，可能是对中山凉湿生境的适应。

It showed that the niche breadth and niche overlapping indexes of the enclosed grassland in 2007 are much lower than in 2006 as a whole; The niche breadth of Artemisia ordosica is bigger than other species in the region in 2002. In 2003, the dominant species were Artemisia ordosica and Salsola ruthenica. Their niche breadth indexes were 0.544 and 0.460 respectively. The results of niche overlapping in 2006 and 2007 also showed that the species with big niche breadth didn't always have big niche overlapping, and the niche breadth and niche overlapping did not have a positive direct linear relation.

结果表明：2007年封育区植物种的生态位宽度及种间的生态位重叠指数总体上较2006年有所降低；2006年黑沙蒿生态位宽度最大，达0.768，是06年封育区的优势种；2007年封育区的优势种为刺沙蓬和黑沙蒿，其生态位宽度值分别为0.544、0.460；2006年和2007的生态位重叠结果均表明，生态位宽度大的物种不一定和其他物种有大的重叠指数，较高的生态位宽度和较高的生态位重叠之间并不存在直接的线性关系；2006年、2007年较高的Pianka生态位重叠指数都出现在生态位宽度较小的物种之间。

He and Nina moved to California and lived at 2005 Ivar Street, Apt.

他和Nina搬到加州，并在2005年伊瓦尔街，公寓生活。

Droperidol （ potently inhibits transfected HERGchannels and this is the probable mechanism for QT prolongation.

氟哌利多有效地抑制了转染的 HERG 钾通道，可能是 QT 间期延长的机制。