查询词典 urban

Chapter Ⅶ Harmonious Development Mechanism and Management Pattern Formation of Urban System in Central Shaanxi Plain Firstly, three different view layers of macro, medium, and micro are adopted to study the relevant mechanism for developing urban system in Central Shaanxi; The macro layer mainly probed into the affect from government affair to urban development, reached the conclusion that whether government will rationalize and benefit the harmonious development will be largely owed to the government affair regulation and adaptive general planning system to fix on the urban construction aims and stresses on the foundation of speeding up mechanism and principle innovation; The medium emphasized analyzing the Industry assembling mechanism for harmonious development acceleration and regional distribution and cross-regional adjustment among economic zones from the two aspects of Industry structuring and regional economic spatial location; The micro analyzed the behavioral characteristics of the micro subject and its motivation effects in the urban system development from aspects of enterprises, non-governmental organizations and the public, and set up the compatible mechanism of its active stimulus and restriction.

本章首先从宏观、中观和微观三个层面入手研究了推进关中城镇体系协调发展的相关机制：（1）宏观层面重点研究了政府行为对关中城镇体系发展的影响，认为在不同制度环境下地方政府行为选择也是对其它主体行为选择的理性反应，但地方政府行为能否趋于理性化并有利于关中城镇体系的协调发展，关键还是在于尽快完成关中体制创新和制度创新的基础上，规范政府行为，建立有助于地区利益协调的宏观调控体系，并以此为基点确定了关中城镇体系的宏观调控目标与重点；（2）中观层面重点从产业组织和区域经济空间组织两个方面分析了推进关中城镇体系协调发展的产业聚集机制和各城市经济区的区内组织及区际协调机制；（3）微观层面从企业、非政府组织和公众三个方面入手。分析了微观主体的行为特征及其参与关中城镇体系协调发展的积极作用，并建立了促进微观主体主动参与的激励—约束相容机制。

On the other hand, market factors are also not fully considered during urban land management During the land exploitation and land attornment, the urban land operators simply understand the urban land management as rough management featuring " demolishing houses and selling land", which to great extent implant subjectivity and blindness in exploitation of urban land and would also probably result in serious deviation land explore cost from market price, violating the principle of urban management input-output benign circle and sparking a range of economic and social problems.

这种经营与市场脱节的问题，使城市土地开发在很大程度存在主观性和盲目性，可能造成城市土地开发成本与市场价格的严重背离，违背城市经营投入产出良性循环的原则，引发一系列经济和社会问题。

In the "Canton construction" Tenth Five-Year "plan", the urban construction is expected to invest 80 billion yuan to inner ring, outer ring as the basic line, adjusting the function of urban layout, in the city center group, to Baiyun Mountain and Pearl River started at the core of urban design and landscape construction, and give full play to the Canton of Physical Geography and historical and cultural advantages, Castle Peak, clear water and the history and culture of Guangzhou organically integrated into the overall urban environment, the formation Baiyunshan as the center, the new , the old north-south axis of the city, the Pearl River with the east-west tourism landscape of the urban landscape architecture.

在"广东建设"十五"计划"，城市建设，预计投资八百点零零零亿元以内环，外环的基本路线，调整城市功能布局，城市中心组，以白云山和珠江开始为核心的城市设计和景观建设，并充分发挥广东自然地理和历史文化优势，青山，清澈的海水和纯净的历史和文化有机地结合到广州城市总体环境，形成白云山为中心，新的，旧的南北轴线的城市，珠江三角洲与东西方的旅游景观的城市景观设计。

We make stronger efforts to attract investment, hardily learn and enrich the concept of "urban operation" in the approach that tourism and land revenue contribute to the urban construction, implement the strategy of urban operation, and make great efforts to construct the urban infrastructure. We have made lots of integration and protection in Lijiang urban area in a mode of team development according to the construction thought of "protect some, rebuild some, newly build some (new Jade Dragon county area, Xianghe Beautiful City)" and carried out the operation projects of new Jade Dragon county area and Xianghe Beautiful City and the engineerings including the control of south gate of the old city, control of the Jade River corridor, enlargement of the Black Dragon Pool Park, demonstration provincial-level residential area of Yukang Garden, villa area of Guanfang Garden, Yunshan Jinkai Business Square and Guoda Huama Street Business Square etc.

通过加大招商引资力度，以旅游业及土地收益反哺城市建设的做法，大胆学习和丰富"城市经营"理念，实施经营城市战略，切实加大城市基础设施建设力度，并用组团式发展的模式，按照"保护一片，改造一片，新建一片"的建设思路，在丽江市区进行了大量的整合与保护工作，先后实施了古城南门整治、玉河走廊整治、黑龙潭公园扩建、裕康苑省级住宅示范区、官房花园别墅区、云杉金凯商业广场、国大花马街商业广场等工程和玉龙新县城、祥和丽城等城市经营项目。

In view of Island capital / Taiwan modern urban writing, most of them were written with the left wing and the anti-colonialism conciousness. In the mid 30's, a kind of urban topographical writing appeared. Through the antecedents of colonial urban, authors tried to recapture the right of writing and interpretation of Taiwan history from the Japanese colonists, and the urban modernity experience of characters thus became a political metaphor. Thus, due to the expansion of urban modernization and the maturity of consumer society, authors were forced to change their ways of viewing, perceiving, and writing, some of the fictions displayed a marvelous integration of "leftism as well as modernism" like a Sphinx.

岛都╱台湾都市书写方面：多数仍在左翼、反殖民的思考脉络中进行；三○年代中期出现「地志化」的都市书写，透过「一座城市的身世」，作家试图在殖民者的「去历史」与「进步论述」中重新夺回台湾历史的书写权、诠释权，主人公的都市现代性经验於是成为一种「政治隐喻」；另外，三○年代中期台湾都市摩登的强势进驻与消费文化的成熟无可避免地迫使作家改变其观看、感知、书写都市的方式，部分作品已呈现出一种「左翼＋新感觉」的史芬克斯状态。

Undesirable structure and tree species simpleness etc are main problem in existing urban forest, influence urban forest effective exert its zoological function(2) urban forest landscape indexes show: urban forest fragment increased form 1985 to 1995, and decreased form 1995 to 2007, but as a whole, Beijing urban forest fragment is degressive, especially woodland and spinney land.

2在研究时段内北京市城市森林景观指数变化明显，从1985-1995年间破碎化程度增加，而1995-2007年间下降，1985-2007年总体呈下降趋势，其中有林地和灌木林两种主要城市森林用地类型的变化剧烈；城市森林尤其是有林地用地受到人为干扰影响强烈，斑块日益简单化，主要类型城市森林间相互转化现象严重，说明北京市城市森林在研究时段内发生了很大变化。

Beijing environmental problems hold severe, and atmospheric and water pollute, soil and water loss, hot island and yawp are leading problems,and take on territorial characteristic. Based on research on relativity between urban forest and these environmental problems, urban forest can effective improve environmental quality in Beijing. And for the aim of improve environmental quality, Beijing forest overlay should attain 35% at least in citywide range, and local-areas being severe environmental problem should be provided with higher forest overlay.5. Through the study on urban forest needed capacity, Beijing's forest coverage is up to par in citywide range, but montanic forest coverage, plain covered with trees and average forest area are lacking, and CO2 and O2 balance is incapable;form the point of heat and balance CO2 and O2 balance,urban forest the city zone and suburb is lack. There is urban forest developmental potential space,but the city zone and suburb area need be compensated form urban forest in circumjacent region.6. On the based of the above results and ecological network system, the author drived whole region into city area, plain and mountain area are needed at the point of planning thoughts of running-through forests and water .

根据城市森林与北京市主要环境问题的相关性分析，城市森林在改善这些环境问题中具有重要的作用，为有效改善这些环境问题，整个北京市域范围内森林覆盖率至少达到35%，并且分布比较均匀，环境问题严重的局部区域需要不同程度增加森林覆盖率。5、通过对北京市城市森林需求量研究发现，虽然在市域范围内北京森林覆盖率达到了国家标准，但是山区森林覆盖率、平原林木覆盖率、城区人均森林面积不足；从区域热平衡和碳氧平衡角度分析，城区和郊区不能满足本区域的城市森林需求量，虽然北京市城市森林具有一定的发展潜力，整体上基本可以满足城市需要，但是这些区域需要依靠周边区域城市森林的补偿。6、根据以上的研究结果，以中国森林生态网络体系建设的点、线、面布局理念为指导，以&林网化——水网化&作为优化理念，将北京市整个市域划分为城区近郊区及其辐射区域，平原区和山区三大区域，依据三大区域特点进行城市森林布局优化。

Finally, the countermeasures for risk control of urban disasters are presented from 8 aspects, including establishing a unionized legal system of urban safety planning, risk prevention and control, and crisis management; implementing urban plan of disaster prevention and reduction and incorporating into urban planning; perfecting the decision-supporting system and information management system for urban disaster risk; carrying on risk assessment mechanism in safety planning; speeding the construction of integrated management organization for disaster prevention; establishing a scientific and perfect emergency rescue system; intensifying safety education and propagand of disaster prevention and reduction; and strengthening the research and exchange in urban safety science.

该对策研究包括：建立城市安全规划、风险防范和危机管理法律体系；实施城市防灾减灾规划并融入城市规划中；完善城市灾害风险决策支持系统和信息管理系统；实行安全规划风险评价机制；加快防灾减灾综合管理机构建设；建立科学、完善的应急救援体系；加强安全教育和防灾减灾宣传；加强城市安全科学研究与交流。

For the urban planning and as an urban planner, it is so important to take it into account that urban complexity has made a deep impact on our urban development, after introspecting on the traditional way of the urban planning and reviewing the implementation of our urban plan.

对于城市规划工作和城市规划者而言，在经历了对传统规划方法的反思和对传统城市规划实施效果的回顾之后，对城市的复杂性给予充分的认识和重视，在当今显得尤为重要和迫切。

This dissertation tries to probe into the mode of urban land efficient utilization from the point of view of multi-disciplinary incorporating urban economics, urban land geography, theory of sustainable development and urban land ecology etc. with the research of urban land intensified utilization and upbuilds the frame of land utilization efficiency evaluation according to the definition of connotation about urban land utilization efficiency.

本文竭力从多学科的角度分析城市土地高效利用的方式，将城市经济学、城市土地地理学、可持续发展理论以及生态经济理论等运用到土地利用效率的研究中，最后根据所定义土地利用效率的内涵，建立了城市土地利用效率评价的框架。

Graf, without question, is the greatest women's player in history.

格拉芙，现在，毫无疑问是女子网坛历史上最伟大的选手。

If not, you will have to look around at all your important data.

如果没有，您将需要检查所有的重要数据。