查询词典 structural gene

Coli XL-1 strain, purposed cassette recombination plasmids pNB0098-K and pNB0097-K were constructed, in which the purposed gene was linked with plasmid pUC18, and the marker gene kanamycin was inserted in the purposed gene. The linear cassette DNA fragment was mixed in the medium of cultured competent cells of meningococcus BT878. The function of the purposed gene was inhibited by the homologous replace of casstte gene.

将线性的重组质粒片段置于培养基中，与感受态的脑膜炎双球菌混合培养，重组质粒中的同源性片段被脑膜炎双球菌细胞识别和摄取，整合到染色体上，目的基因被带有卡那霉素基因插入的同源性重组片段代替，导致失活，在选择性培养基上筛选出基因被敲除的突变株。

By retrovirus vector the foreign mdr1 gene could be efficiently transferred into bone marrow mononuclear cells of mouse in vitro, and it was confirmed that mdr1 gene was expressing stably and effectively in cells; in short terms there is no significant influence on the bone marrow MNC by transfection of mdr1 gene,but in the long run(in our study we had surveyed 2 months),there is a decline in the expression of apoptosis factor Bax in the MNC which transfected by mdr1 gene,in favour of the recovery of the receptor mouse;on the other hand it also poses a blance problem between multiplication and apoptosis in the process of receptor hematopoiesis after transplanting HSC which was transfected with mdr1 gene.

通过逆转录病毒载体可在体外将外源性mdr1基因转入小鼠骨髓单个核细胞中，转染的mdr1基因能整合到骨髓单个核细胞基因组中并有功能性表达；mdr1基因转入小鼠骨髓单个核细胞在移植后短期内对受体造血细胞没有显著影响，但从长期看来(本研究观察2个月)转染了mdr1基因的造血干细胞的凋亡因子Bax表达降低，更有利于受体鼠造血的恢复；另一个方面它也同时提出一个问题，即mdr1基因转染造血干细胞在回输受体后造血过程的增殖凋亡平衡。

It also can be used as alternative antigen of newgeneration vaccine.In this experiment,we screen the major protective antigen hsp65 gene of MAP in order to developnew vaccine especially the DNA vaccine for the prevention of paratuberculosis disease.The hsp65 genewas amplified from MAP C-2 chromosomal DNA by using the PCR technique.We gained a hsp65 gene of 1 626bp.Then PCR product was cloned into pGEM-T vector by T-A clone technique and therecombinant clone was identified by plasmid size,enzyme digestion and PCR identification.The cloneplasmid of pGEM-T- hsp65 was successfully constructed.The nucleotide sequence and deduced aminoacid sequence ofclone gene was analyzed by DNASTAR software.The result indicated that the size ofhsp65 gene consist with M.paratuberculosis K-10 strain in GenBank and the sequential homogeneityreached 99.1%,the amino acid homogeneity reached 99.3%.The preceding analysis indicated that thehsp65 gene was very conservative in M.paratuberculosis.

为了研发预防副结核病的新型疫苗尤其是DNA疫苗及相关蛋白功能，本研究选择了MAP的主要保护性抗原Hsp65蛋白，以副结核分枝杆菌C-2株染色体DNA为模板，以hsp65基因的特异性引物进行PCR扩增，获得了1 626bp的hsp65基因，通过T-A克隆技术，将PCR产物克隆至pGEM-T Vector中，以质粒大小、酶切分析、PCR扩增及序列分析鉴定重组克隆，成功地构建出克隆质粒pGEM-T-hsp65，以DNASTAR软件分析了所克隆基因的核苷酸序列和推导的氨基酸序列，结果表明，所获得的hsp65基因与GenBank中MAPK-10株该基因核苷酸大小完全一致，两者核苷酸序列的同源性为99.1％，氨基酸序列的同源性为99.3％，表明该基因在副结核分枝杆菌中高度保守。

This gene contained 1 530 bp and encoded 510 amino acids, named IbMIPS-1. Sequence analysis indicated that IbMIPS-1 had high homology with Ricinus communis MIPS gene, Nicotiana tabacum MIPS gene, Sesamum indicum MIPS gene and Glycine max MIPS gene.

该基因由1530个碱基组成，编码510个氨基酸，与蓖麻、烟草、芝麻、大豆肌醇－1-磷酸合酶的氨基酸序列比对表明，其同源性很高。

The frequency of losing exon 5-8 was the highest . It was consistent with the results of the FHIT gene whole length cDAN by RT-PCR.Conclusions: The above results showed that the changes of FHIT gene is probably related to the development of kinds of tumors, which is an important molecular event. FHIT gene can be considered to be a tumor suppresser gene, our studys provided a theoretic and experimental data for further research on the function of FHIT gene.

结论本研究结果初步证明FH工T基因改变可能与多种肿瘤的发生有关，是肿瘤发生的一个重要的早期分子事件，支持其作为一个抑癌基因在肿瘤发生中发挥作用，为进一步深入研究FH IT基因的功能提供了理论和实验依据。

In this experiment, His 5 gene was inserted into Ura 3 gene and constructed a new plasmid pLRH33, which contained a complete His 5 gene and partial Ura 3 gene at the ends of His 5 gene.

实验将His 5基因插入到一个Ura 3基因的中间，构建了一个新的质粒pLRH33，从而打断了Ura 3 基因使之不能表达。

On comparing with the common type 4, there are 18 genes presenting change in the rest 21 types, most of them are tRNA genes, and gene replacement, gene increase and gene absence are frequently happened; on the contrary, protein genes are more steady, gene change is mostly of gene replacement. The genome size of Gymnophiona are all smaller than 18000 bps and most of them range from 15000 to 16000 bps, those of Urodela and Anura are bigger than 16000 bps, most of Urodela range from 16000 to 17000 bps, most of Anura range from 17000 to 18000 bps.

与类型4比较，其余21种线粒体基因组类型涉及基因变动的基因共有18个，其中变动比较多的是tRNA基因，移位、增多和缺失的发生频率都较大，而蛋白编码基因比较稳定，主要是移位。78种两栖动物中，蚓螈目的线粒体基因组均小于18000bps，多数在15000~16000bps；有尾目和无尾目均大于16000bps，其中有尾目多数在16000~17000bps，无尾目的多数在17000~18000bps。

Results The DNA was obtained from PPJ through a nasopancreatic tube. Aberrant p16 methylation and K- ras gene mutation were detected in the same samples of PPJ. Sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive values,negative predictive values and accuracy of HE staining for pancreatic cancer were 40%,100%,100%,45.4% and 60.0%,respectively. Of the 20 cases of pancreatic cancer,K- ras gene mutation was detected in 14 (70%) and the p16 gene was shown to be methylated in 7 (35%). Of the 8 cases of chronic pancreatitis,K-ras gene mutation was detected in 2 (25%). Of the 2 cases of mucinous cystoadenoma of pancreas,K-ras gene mutation was detected in 1 (50%). Aberrant methylation of p16 was not detected in pancreatic juice samples from patients with chronic pancreatitis and mucinous cystoadenoma of pancreas.

结果 所有胰液标本均成功抽提出DNA，30例胰腺疾病病人胰液标本同时进行了K-ras基因突变和p16基因启动子区5′CpG岛甲基化检测，其中20例胰腺癌病人胰液中K-ras基因突变率为70%（14/20），p16基因甲基化率为35%（7/20），8例慢性胰腺炎中K-ras基因突变率为25%（2/8），2例胰腺囊腺瘤病人中K-ras基因突变率为50%（1/2），慢性胰腺炎和胰腺囊腺瘤病人胰液中无p16基因甲基化。

According to the successful experiences on transgenic animal production and animal cloning, gene targeting could be utilized in many fields including theory and application research on genomic modification (such as site-specific gene repair, genetic defect therapy, gene knockout, infaust gene modification, even the site-specific integration), improving expression level of specific gene in animal mammary gland bioreactors, and promoting the industrialization of transgenic animal production.

结合现有转基因动物和动物克隆技术方面的经验，利用基因打靶技术，开展动物基因组修饰的理论和应用研究，即可定点进行基因修复、治疗遗传缺陷、基因敲除失活不利基因，还可最终解决动物乳腺反应器存在的随机整合率高而表达率较低的问题，实现定点整合及乳腺特异表达，为转基因动物的产业化生产创造条件，代表了当今动物遗传学发展的主流方向。

The nucleotide sequences of the PAP gene and PAPⅡ gene in the root of Phytolacca americana were determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and PCR. The gene comprises 942bp and 933bp respectively, encoding 313 amino acids and 310 amino acids. When PAP gene and PAPⅡ gene sequences in the root were compared with those in the spring leaves and summer ones, the highest similarity 100% and 99. 8% were observed respectively. They both had one open reading frame . Analysis of the two sequences showed, in fact, they belonged to one species.

以美洲商陆根为材料，提取其总RNA、反转录，用一对PAP基因的特异性引物和一对PAPⅡ的特异性引物，分别对反转录产物进行PCR扩增，将扩增的目的片段进行序列分析，结果扩增出来的PAP基因与已经报道的序列完全相同，扩增出来的PAPⅡ基因与已经报道的序列同源性也在99.8％，而且它们都各自编码一个开放阅读框架，可以说美洲商陆根中肯定存在PAP和PAPⅡ基因，并已经转录。

In the chapter 2, the theoretic knowledge about the photosensitive resin and the grinding tools was firstly introduced.

第二章阐述了光固化树脂结合剂磨具的相关理论研究。

Do not use the program's indenting or margin-setting features; these will be added during typesetting.

不要使用缩排，页面边缘设置之类的选项，偶看不大懂。