查询词典 sequencing problem

Using a well established model, we systematically analyze fundamental limitations on the viability of using mechanical unzipping of DNA as a fast and inexpensive sequencing method.

我们使用一个好的确定的模型，系统的分析了使用DNA的机械解链作为快速、便宜的测序方法的可行性的重要局限。

Writing in the journal Science, the researchers said they reconstructed the ant family tree using DNA sequencing of six genes from 139 ant genera, encompassing 19 of 20 ant subfamilies around the world.

研究人员对包括全球20个蚂蚁亚群中的19个亚群－139种蚂蚁，用6个基因的 DNA 排序技术重建了蚂蚁家族。

Methods:Direct sequencing of PCR products was applied to study G3316A mutation in blood corpuscle mtDNA in 315 T2DM patients without relation of consenouinity and 158 normal controls from Zhejiang province. The mutation was analyzed with DNASTAR and Antheprot 5.0 softwares.

采用PCR产物直接测序法对浙江籍汉族人群中无血缘关系的315名T2DM患者及158名正常对照的外周血mtDNA进行检测，并用DNASTAR和Antheprot 5.0软件分析突变位点。

The PCR products were examined by agarose gel electrophoresis. The target gene fragments were purified by gel extraction kit and ligated to cloning vector pMD18-T. The recombinant vectors were transformed into host strain E. coli K802 by lithium chloride method, screened and identified with PCR and restrictive enzymatic digestion. Their sequences were confirmed by DNA sequencing.(2) sTWEAK1 gene was subcloned into expression vector pProEx HTb and transformed into E. coli BL21. sTWEAK2 gene was subcloned into expression vector pMAL-C2x and transformed into E. coli TB1. The recombinant vectors were screened and identified with PCR and restrictive enzymatic digestion. The recombinant fusion proteins were induced to express with IPTG, detected by coomassie brilliant blue-stained SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis , and confirmed by Western blot analysis.(3) The sTWEAK1 fusion protein was purified with Ni-NTA Spin Kit.(4) The biological activity was assayed on transformed and tumor cells by microplate photometer after crystal violet or sulfur rodamine B staining.(5) The contents of IL-8 in the supernatant of 1990 cell cultures were determined by ELISA.(6) The morphological changes of the sensitive cells were observed by light and transmission electron microscopies.(7) The cell cycle and apoptotic rate were assayed by flow cytometry in 1990 and M85 cells.(8) The effect of fusion proteins on induction of NF-κB in 1990 and LOVO cells was detected with Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay system.(9) The TWEAK gene was subcloned into Adeno-X Viral DNA with pShuttle vector and transfected into HEK293 cells by lipofectamine method.

(1)本研究用RT-PCR方法，从人组织细胞总RNA中扩增可溶性TWEAK胞外区（sTWEAK1和sTWEAK2）的cDNA序列及全长编码序列，用琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析PCR产物，胶回收目的基因片段，连接到pMD18-T克隆载体中，转化大肠杆菌K802，PCR和酶切筛选阳性克隆，全自动DNA测序验证序列；(2)sTWEAK1和sTWEAK2分别亚克隆到pProEx HTb和pMAL-C2x表达载体中，分别转化大肠杆菌BL21和TB1，PCR筛选和酶切鉴定，阳性克隆用IPTG诱导表达，表达产物用SDS-PAGE分析和Western blot验证融合蛋白；(3)用NTA-Ni Spin试剂盒初步分离纯化sTWEAK1融合蛋白；(4)用体外培养的肿瘤细胞和正常对表达产物进行活性检测，贴壁细胞用结晶紫染色法，悬浮细胞用磺酰罗丹明B染色法，酶标仪检测OD值；(5)敏感细胞用ELISA法检测细胞培养上清中IL-8的含量；(6)用光镜和电镜观察敏感细胞死亡和细胞凋亡情况；(7)用流式细胞仪分析表达产物对敏感细胞凋亡率和细胞周期的影响；(8)用双荧光素酶报告基因检测法，测定表达产物对敏感细胞NF-κB的影响；(9)用pShuttle穿梭质粒将TWEAK重组到腺病毒载体上，用脂质体转染法转染HEK293细胞，PCR鉴定重组质粒。

Preparation of quasi-interpenetrating network/functionalized gold nanoparticle composite matrix and its performance for DNA sequencingA new matrix additive,PDMA-functionalized gold nanoparticle, was prepared by "grafting-to" approach to avoid GNP aggregation at high concentration of salt in buffer solution,and then incorporated into quasi-IPN composed of LPA(3.3 MDa) and PDMA to form novel polymer/metal composite sieving matrix(quasi-IPN/GNP-PDMA) for DNA sequencing by CE.

准互穿聚合物网络/官能化的金纳米粒子复合介质的制备及其用于DNA测序性能的研究为了解决GNPs在高盐浓度下易附聚的问题，由&grafting-to&法制备了一种新型介质添加剂，即PDMA官能化的GNPs，并将其加入到由LPA(3.3 MDa)和PDMA所组成的quasi-IPN中得到了用于毛细管电泳DNA测序的聚合物/金属复合筛分介质(quasi-IPN/GNP-PDMA)。

Selecting the better amplified from Diacylglycerol acyltransferase, gene, Acyl- desaturase gene ,then cloning sequencing, afer that, through the NCBI and nucleotide sequence to match homology , the results show that: cloning by the cassava, castor-oil plant Jatropha curcas DGAT and SAD genes and gene fragments have the high homology with other known plant DGAT genes and SAD genes .

从中筛选出扩增效果较好的二酰基甘油酰基转移酶(Diacylglycerol acyltransferase， DGAT)基因，硬脂酰-酰基载体蛋白脱饱和酶(Acyl- desaturase， SAD)基因克隆测序，经测序，通过NCBI与已知的核苷酸序列进行同源性比对，结果表明：克隆所获得的木薯、蓖麻和麻疯树 DGAT基因和SAD基因的片段与其它已知植物的DGAT基因和SAD基因具有很高的同源性。

Selecting the better amplified from Diacylglycerol acyltransferase, gene, Acyl- desaturase gene ,then cloning sequencing, afer that, through the NCBI and nucleotide sequence to match homology , the results show that: cloning by the cassava, castor-oil plant Jatropha curcas DGAT and SAD genes and gene fragments have the high homology with other known plant DGAT genes and SAD genes .

从中筛选出扩增效果较好的二基甘油基转移(Diacylglycerol acyltransferase， DGAT)基因，硬脂-基载体蛋白脱饱和(Acyl- desaturase， SAD)基因克隆测序，经测序，通过NCBI与已知的核酸序列进行同源性比对，结果表明：克隆所获得的木薯、蓖麻和麻疯树 DGAT基因和SAD基因的片段与其它已知植物的DGAT基因和SAD基因具有很高的同源性。

Result: Restriction enzyme analysis proved that cloning vector pEGFP-RECK was successfully constructed, and the sequencing results of it was in accord with expected. By transfecting the pEGFP-RECK vector into SHG44 cells, we could see the protein locate mainly in cell plasm.

结果：所得RECK基因融合蛋白表达载体序列与预期相符。pEGFP-RECK表达质粒转染SHG44细胞后，荧光信号主要集中在与细胞质有关的部位。

The liberalization of capital accounts needs to be encouraged, with due attention to the appropriate pace and sequencing, to support the development of local currency bond markets.

我们呼吁国际金融机构，以支持扩大对国内机构投资者基础，帮助设计有利改革私人养老金制度的互助基金和保险市场。

With the methods of Reverse transcription-PCR and cDNA sequencing, the expression of FHIT gene was detected in radiation carcinogenesis. The results show that: 1, The FHIT gene's sequence in normal BALB/c mice compare with the sequence of mice in Ge neBank which absents exon 3, but the function of FHIT protien doesn't alter.

结果发现：1、正常BALB／c 小鼠的FHIT基因序列同GeneBank中小鼠的FHIT基因序列比较缺少了外显子 3，但其表达的蛋白功能并未发生改变；2、FHIT基因在辐射损伤与辐射致癌的早期过程中，对照组血液、胸腺及骨髓均未出现异常的FHIT转录本的表达，不同剂量照射组中血液、胸腺及骨髓均有部分样品出现分子量较小的异常FHIT 转录本的表达。

Chimborazo and Cotopaxi, took me by the hand.

越过琴博腊索山和科托帕克西山。

This car is in a good condition.

这辆车的状况很好。