查询词典 concepts

Departing from basic concepts of cardinal numbers and their numbering orders, the paper differentiated and analyzed some concepts easy to be confused related to binary system, pointing out that the introduced concepts of ordinals played an important role in the development of modern mathematics. As the foundation of SHAO Yongs mathematics, the primordial Yi, in the history of mathematics, exhibits the first specially defined ordinal system, in which the binary numbering method was used at the first time.

本文从自然数及其记数法的基本概念出发，辨析了与二进位制相关的几个容易混淆的概念，指出序数概念的引入在近代数学发展中有重要意义，作为邵雍数学学派的数学基础，先天易是数学史上第一个专门定义的序数体系，该序数体系在数学史上率先采用了二进位制记数法。

O9Z6J?Kd Abstract: Departing from basic concepts of cardinal numbers and their numbering orders, the paper differentiated and analyzed some concepts easy to be confused related to binary system, pointing out that the introduced concepts of ordinals played an important role in the development of modern mathematics.

本文从自然数及其记数法的基本概念出发，辨析了与二进位制相关的几个容易混淆的概念，指出序数概念的引入在近代数学发展中有重要意义，作为邵雍数学学派的数学基础，先天易是数学史上第一个专门定义的序数体系，该序数体系在数学史上率先采用了二进位制记数法。

The concepts presented on a screen link to super ordinate concepts, or subordinate concepts.

在屏幕上呈现的概念与上位概念或下位概念连接。

The thesis has three theoretic fundamentals. The first basis is the theory of international relation, which contains several concepts such as state interest, international cooperation, international regimes , international governance, international negotiation democracy and international political economy. The second one is the game theory, which includes such concepts as game theory, Nash equilibrium and Pareto optimum, six basic game graphs are prisoner's dilemma, boxed pigs, chicken, hegemony, stag bant and battle of the sexes, the major factors are information communication, benefits allocation, hegemony power, time ＆ repeated and player number etc. The third one is the theory of environmental economics, whose prime concepts are public good, externality, free riding and market failure, but the methods to internalize externality are cap ＆ trade , carbon taxes and policy ＆ measures .

本文有3个理论基础：一是国际关系理论，其基本概念包括：国家利益、国际合作、国际制度、国际治理、国际谈判民主制和国际政治经济学；二是博弈论，其基本概念包括：博弈论、纳什均衡与帕累托最优，所采用的6种基本博弈图式为，囚徒困境博弈、智猪博弈、斗鸡博弈、盟主博弈、捕鹿博弈和性别战博弈，影响博弈结局的要素主要是，信息与沟通、利益分配与利益选择、盟主与引导力量、时间与重复博弈、博弈者数量的影响；三是环境经济学理论，其基本概念包括：公共物品、外部性、搭便车和市场失灵，解决外部性的基本方法是，限量与交易、碳税和政策与措施。

This article is intended to explore the transformational mechanism of interlinguistic concepts from the basic, procedures and levels of the transformation, including the transformational mechanism between concepts, and between concept and images and between concepts and the propositions

命题的基本元素是概念，本文以之为研究对象，从转换基础、转换步骤和转换层次等方面探讨了语际概念的语里转换机制问题，即概念→概念转换机制，概念→形象互换机制，概念→判断转换机制。

Classic system of deontic logic is a logic about action whose new development will introduce agent concept and occas-sion concept in this system;at the same time the negative concepts will have different understandings in the deontic system and some special action concepts in relation to the negative concepts will have some special meanings.

道义逻辑的经典系统是关于行动的逻辑。这种逻辑发展的新思路是在其系统中引入主体和场合概念；同时对正规逻辑的否定概念在道义系统中作了不同的理解；和否定概念相关的一些特殊的行动概念在行动逻辑中有其特定的意义。

In the method, the information of relevance feedback has been utilized to extract the user's concepts of interest. These concepts of interest are then represented in a vector space model as the user profile for machine calculation. With the application of the vector space model of interest concepts, the web pages of the user's interest could be better retrieved to enhance retrieval efficiency.

本研究提出了一套方法，应用了概念撷取的技术，来帮助使用者建立一种短期的使用者兴趣档，希望藉由相关回馈来撷取出一个向量空间模型，用来代表使用者单次检索的资讯需求，以帮助系统检索出，与使用者需求相关的网页给使用者浏览，以降低使用者的浏览时间，提高检索的效率。

Such doubts havesitimulated the researchers'curiosity and start to explore the students' terms This research proceeds by observation interview test using learning sheets and etc The purpose is to explore students' terms of scientific concepts sources of terms connections between students' usage nomenclature and chooses of usage The results of the research are as follows: 1 There are five kinds of naming principles for students' terms of scientific concepts: appearance habit function replacing and sound Appearance principle contains three categories: color shape and partial construction; habit principle contains custom and ability; replacing principle contains reality and non-reality 2 Students' terms of scientific concepts come from two ways: self-acquisition and learning through senses The former way is only a bit more common than the latter 3 There are three different relationships between students' usage of terms and nomenclature: one both the same in usage and meaning; the other both different; another different usage but the same meaning Normally terms that students used are various from nomenclature in the aspects of usage and meaning only a few would match and even rare for "Synonyms" to occur 4 Alternative options for students' scientific terms are maintenance adaptation or co-existence with formal scientific terms The most common way of selecting usage of terms is to maintain Sometimes students would adapt themselves once learn of scientist's term However some believe that very odd chances for both could exist at the same time

这样的疑问深深引起研究者的好奇，著手探索学生科学概念所使用的语言。本研究透过观察、访谈、学习单施测等方法来进行，目的在探讨学童在科学概念上所使用之学生惯用语、学生惯用语来源、学生惯用语与科学家用语之关联性、学生惯用语选择。研究结果如下：一、学童在科学概念上所使用之学生惯用语的命名原则有五种：外型、习性、功能、藉代称呼及声音，其中外型原则有颜色、体型及部份构造三类目，习性原则有习惯及能力两类目，藉代称呼原则有实体及虚拟两类目。二、学童在科学概念上所使用之学生惯用语有两种来源，分别为自己称取和听来。学生惯用语来源较多为自己称取，透过其他方式听来少一点，但两种来源的比率差距甚小。三、学童在科学概念上所使用之学生惯用语和科学家用语的关系有三种，分别为用语意涵均相同、用语不同意涵相同和用语意涵均不同。学生惯用语通常和科学家的用语是不同的，且其意涵也不同，只有部份学生惯用语和科学家用语意涵均相同，至於学生惯用语和科学家用语不同但意涵相同的极少。四、学童的科学概念相关学生惯用语选择有三种，分别为维持学生惯用语、改变成科学家用语和科学家与学生惯用语皆可。学童的科学概念相关学生惯用语选择，以维持学生惯用语最多，而有些时候学生会在得知科学家的用语后改变成科学家用语，但认为科学家用语和自己使用的学生惯用语皆可的则很少。

The author manages to clarify the influences of the religion on the world outlook, life outlook and the concepts of morals and aesthetics of the Byzantines through the Concept of God, the Holy Process of Human Being and the Religious Ethical Characteristics from the Byzantine Church, and on the basis of which, comes to the conclusions that:(1) The Byzantines' understanding of the world ultimate essence is mystery, and the understanding of life is full of fatal and holy pursuit;(2) The secular ethical concepts of the Byzantines are obviously with the tendency of escapism because it contains a lot of church ethics;(3) The aesthetic concepts of the Byzantines pay attentions to both the beauty of Harmony and the beauty of Holy with the influences of the religious ethical inclinations.

笔者主要以拜占廷教会&上帝观念&、&人的神圣化过程&以及&宗教伦理特征&为切入点，尝试去阐明宗教对于拜占廷人的世界观、人生观以及道德和审美观念的影响，并在此基础上得出如下结论：（1）拜占廷人对于世界终极本质的理解是神秘的，对人生的理解充满了宿命的神圣化追求；（2）拜占廷人的世俗伦理观念中包容了诸多教会伦理，因此带有明显的遁世主义倾向；（3）拜占廷人的审美观念因受宗教审美取向的影响而呈现出&和谐&之美与&神圣&之美并重的局面。

For some concepts can not be the first to thoroughly reveal its meaning, nor should the absolute number of preliminary concepts.

对于某些概念不能一次就透彻揭示其涵义，也不应把一些初步的概念绝对化了。

Therefore, it is imperative that you need to be prepared for the great change that is about to occur.

所以，你需要为快要出现的伟大改变准备好，这是必要的。

If u agree with our suggestion of dicker trade,we will exchange paper with u wood.

如果你方同意我们进行易货贸易的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。