观察

In the process of John Blacking's research, he observed on the incline while children were learning complex music as a whole, consequently, it challenged the concept of "the order never made mistake"; and through his observation on the music perform of children in Venda, he made sure the importance of the relationship between body and mental (basically the understanding of music), provided several methods for teachers to develop students' sense of music – the harmonious cooperate of ears, brain and body; through his researching on ethnodanceology and considering the inseparable relation between music and dance, he further proved the methods of education which considering the action and the body reaction as the essential component of music understanding; through his observation of the music of Venda children in his early years, he became interested in the biology basic of music education; and also he advocated that school needed to set up a world music class. In the View of Ethnomusicology, John Blacking made a new recognition of the music education, and it also bring us a reflection question, could our Chinese music education walk out of the traditional view and get some influence or inspiration from his ideas of education?

约翰·布莱金在研究过程中通过对儿童从整体上学习复杂音乐的倾向的观察，从而挑战了"完全正确的程序"的观念；通过对文达儿童音乐表演的观察，确定了身心关系的重要性，提供给教师发展学生音乐性的手段，即使耳、脑和身体的互相融合；通过对舞蹈人类学的研究以及音乐与舞蹈之间不可分割的联系，进一步证明了以动作和肢体反应作为音乐理解主要成分的教育学方法；通过他早期对文达儿童音乐的观察而建立了他对音乐教育生物学研究的基础；以及他对在学校中世界音乐课程设立的倡导等，约翰·布莱金从音乐人类学的视野出发对音乐教育的重新认识，也促使我们思考，是否我们的音乐教育也可以从中国的视野中走出来并受到他的教育思想的启发？

Methods:Anti-inflammation of XSG was observed by mouse model of auricle swelling and rat model of ankle joint swelling caused by xylol and egg-white respectively,and analgesia was tested by hot-plate caused sole-ache and acetic caused bellyache.Gastric ulcer model rats was duplicated in by Reserpine and Acetate.

采用小鼠二甲苯性耳廓肿法、大鼠蛋清性关节肿法进行抗炎实验观察；采用小鼠醋酸扭体法、热板法进行镇痛实验观察；用利血平、腹腔注射及冰乙酸直接胃壁注射复制大鼠胃溃疡模型，观察香砂六君颗粒对两种胃溃疡动物模型的溃疡指数的影响并计算溃疡抑制率。

SPSS11.5 and excel statistical software were performed for the statistical analysis. 2. Experiment in vivo MRIgHIFU thermocoagulation was carried out in muscular tissues of rabbits. The parameters were power-250W and time-15s under the dot irradiating. MRI T-MAP was observed during treatment and the region size of adscendent temperature was measured (blue:45℃-50℃,green:50℃-55℃,yellow:55℃-60℃,red:60℃-100℃).Af-ter treatment, firstly, scan PD_tse and T2_tse, secondly, observe the changed signals of these images and measure the regions, finally, observe skin damage and measure the tissue necrosis.

活体实验以正常新西兰大白兔作为实验对象，辐照参数为声功率250W，辐照时间15s，选择大腿肌组织为靶区行定点辐照，观察靶区表面皮肤损伤情况， HIFU辐照过程中观察MRI温度图变化，测定不同温度的颜色范围(蓝色45℃～50℃，绿色50℃～55℃，黄色55℃～60℃，红色60℃～100℃)，辐照结束后观察T2和PD图像的信号变化并测量其范围大小，分别与实际组织损伤作比较，结果应用SPSS11.5统计软件包和Microsoft Excel软件进行分析。

Objective To evaluate and compare the efficacy of Periocur or formocresol as intracanal medicament in root canal therapy of chronic teeth apicitis.Methods 256 cases with chronic apicitis were divided randomly into the observational group （use Periocur as intracanal medicament） and the contol group （use formocresol as intracanal medicament）,and investigated the clinical effect after one week.

目的 观察Periocur消炎液用于根管消毒的临床疗效方法选择256例慢性根尖周炎病例，随机分成观察组（Periocur消炎液组）130例、对照组126例，观察根管封药1周后的临床疗效。

objective to evaluate and compare the efficacy of periocur or formocresol as intracanal medicament in root canal therapy of chronic teeth apicitis.methods 256 cases with chronic apicitis were divided randomly into the observational group （use periocur as intracanal medicament） and the contol group （use formocresol as intracanal medicament）,and investigated the clinical effect after one week.results the effect of periocur and fc is similar.

目的 观察periocur消炎液用于根管消毒的临床疗效。方法选择256例慢性根尖周炎病例，随机分成观察组（periocur消炎液组）130例、对照组126例，观察根管封药1周后的临床疗效。

Eight kittens were deduced amblyopia by monocular chronic atropinization; four (2 normal and 2 amblyopia) kittens were perused in every three weeks. Changes in number and optical density of immunopositive neurons of the expression of VIP-protin and VIP-mRNA in the visual cortex area 17 were analyzed with immuno-cytochemistry, using the technique of in situ hybridization and SABC.

在用药后3周、6周、9周、11周分别每组中各处死两只猫，分离出视皮质17区行HE染色观察神经元形态、细胞数目以及电镜观察超微结构变化，VIP-mRNA原位杂交和VIP免疫组织化学染色观察免疫阳性细胞数以及阳性细胞平均光密度，并分别用光镜下计数和计算机图形分析软件得出结果。

MethodsNonheparinized autohemic blood of the rat was taken out from rat"s femoral artery and injected into its caudate nucleus immediately to establish a model of intracerebral hemorrhage.The changes of edema in the ipsilateral bassal ganglia , ipsilateral cortex, contralateral bassal ganglia and contralateral cortex were measured at 1,2,3,5 and 7 days respectively after intracerebral hemorrhage. The rat"s packed red blood cells, lysed red blood cells and hemoglobins at different concentrations were injected respectively into the rat"s caudate nucleus. The changes of edema in various regions of the brain at different time were measured as above. 5U thrombin was injected into the rat"s caudate nucleus and the changes of edema in various regions of the brain at different time were measured as above.

自体股动脉取血，并采用自体未肝素化新鲜血回注法建立大鼠尾状核出血模型，观察脑出血后1，2，3，5，7天血肿同侧基底节区、血肿同侧对应的皮质区、血肿对侧对应的基底节区及血肿对侧对应的皮质区脑组织水分含量的变化；分别以自体浓缩红细胞(PRBC，50％)、溶解红细胞(LRBC，50％)、不同浓度的大鼠血红蛋白注入大鼠尾状核，并观察不同时间不同部位脑组织水分含量的变化；以5U凝血酶注入大鼠尾状核，观察不同时间不同部位的脑组织水分含量的变化。

Abstract］ objective to discuss the effect of two kinds of nursing methods of male urinary incontinence patients to urinary tract infection and patient's comfortable influence of degree.methods 80 masculine urine incontinence patients in our hospital with voluntary will were chose,and divided them into the observation group and the comparison group,with 40 examples each.the observation group used bt-ⅰ high level chamber pot,the comparison group used the catheter.compared with 2 groups after nursing of the 3rd,7th,10th,14th day-long urethral meatus bacilliculture,the severance urine bacilliculture result and the urine road junction partial symptom.results compared the results of urine road and severance urine bacilliculture,and the urine road junction partial symptom of two groups,the observation group masculine positive rate was obviously lower than the comparison group,the difference had statistics significance（p.05）.conclusion using bt-ⅰ chamber pot can effectively enhance the nursing effect of the masculine urine incontinence patients'perineum and periphery skin,enhance the patients' degree of comfort.

目的 探讨男性尿失禁患者两种护理方法对尿路感染及患者舒适度的影响。方法本着患者及家属自愿选择的原则将入住我院的男性尿失禁患者80名分为观察组和对照组各40例。观察组利用bt-ⅰ型高级透气接尿器，对照组采用留置导尿管，比较两组护理后第3、7、10、14天的尿道口的细菌培养结果及尿道口的局部症状。结果两组患者尿道口培养结果及尿道口局部不良症状比较，观察组阳性率明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（p＜0.05）。结论使用bt-ⅰ型接尿器可有效提高男性尿失禁患者会阴及周围皮肤的护理效果，提高患者的舒适度。

During the treatment,the author tried to explain the aim,method and treating effect of the operation, help the patients to relieve nervousness end worries, observe the patients' inoperative response under cardiopneumograph and guide the patients for the postoperative observation of complications so that the treatment was completed successfully.

报告39例肝癌病人在治疗过程中，细致观察病情，积极配合医生做好病人心理护理，让病人了解手术的目的、方法及疗效，消除紧张和顾虑，术中持续心电监护并观察病人的反应，术后做好并发症的观察和病人的指导，使本组病人顺利完成了治疗。

Objective After Intense pulsed light irradiation cavia cobaya skin, to evaluate the histological change of skin with HE stains; to evaluate the collagen fiber change with nitroxanthic acid stains; to quantitative analysis of hydroxyproline content. Confirm mechanism of action for Intense pulsed light on sun-damaged human skin.

目的 用强脉冲光照射豚鼠背部皮肤后，通过HE染色观察皮肤组织学的改变；用苦味酸染色观察皮肤胶原纤维的改变；定量分析豚鼠皮肤羟脯氨酸的含量，观察皮肤胶原蛋白的变化，进一步研究强脉冲光治疗皮肤光老化的作用机制。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。