损伤

Objective To develop a kind of preliminary screening acoumeter for the prevention of noise-induced hearing loss. Methods This portable preliminary screening acoumeter based on ARM7 LPC2148+SD card+VS1003 can make anti-noise hearing protection.

目的 研制强噪声引起听力损伤预防和快速初筛仪，能预防强噪声给人员带来的听力损伤，并能实施听力损伤的快速筛查。

One hand mechanical obstruct led to the increase of veinous resistance and the obstacle of microcirculation, the other hand the adhesive PMN was activated in excess, the white blood cells released a lot of enzymes, in which PMN-elastase can decompose the components of cell and many albumens, inclusive of immunoglobulin、alexin and fibrication. These components induced the injury of the pancreatic capillary vessels and cell and lysosome enzy made the tissue protein hydrolyze and produced unsaturated fatty acids, which destroyed the structure and function of cellar membrane. The inflammatory cellar factors activate other immunocytes to produce the injury and necrosis of tissue, which aggravated the pathological injury and led to shock、pyaemia and MODS. So ICAM-1 and LFA-1 played an important role in SAP. Frossard found that the expression of ICAM-1 in the rat model, especially in serum、pancreas and lung. All these showed ICAM-1 is an important factor in AP and concomitant lung injury.

胰腺小叶组织局部血管EC首先被激活，ICAM-1表达升高，与被激活的PMN表面表达的LFA-1相结合，"PMN-EC"相互作用加剧，一方面机械性阻塞毛细血管导致静脉阻力增加、微循环障碍；另一方面粘附的PMN过度吞噬或激活，当白细胞吞噬的颗粒不能被封闭隔离，连同细胞内的酶被释放出来，其中的PMN-elastase能够降解细胞基质中各种成分，水解多种蛋白，加重胰腺的毛细血管内皮细胞和腺泡的损伤；释放的溶酶体酶使组织蛋白水解，产生的不饱和脂肪酸引发脂质过氧化方应，破坏细胞膜的结构和功能；释放的炎性细胞因子，激发其他的免疫细胞的功能，导致进一步的组织损伤和坏死，加重SAP的病理损伤，最终导致休克、脓毒血症及多器官功能障碍等严重后果。

Objective To investigate chronic sport injury among amateur Badminton players in Nanning city for injury prevention.

目的 了解广西南宁市参加业余羽毛球运动人群慢性损伤发生的情况和特点，分析身体素质与慢性损伤发生的关系及规律，探讨在业余羽毛球运动中防治慢性损伤的措施和方法。

Nursing countermeasure:Do a good job of preoperative visits, and foresee the various possible factors that the tooth injures happened in possibility and inform an anaesthetist actively; the event of tooth injuries once happened, according to different tooth condition,we take immediate action related to treatment, nursing measures.

护理对策：做好术前访视，积极预见可能发生牙齿损伤的各类因素并告知麻醉师；一旦发生牙齿损伤，根据不同的牙齿损伤情况，立即采取相关治疗、护理措施。

Based on the laminate theory, a laminate weakened by damage is treated as an anisotropic thin plate. Using the complex potential method in the plane theory of elasticity of an anisotropic body, the series solution of finite anisotropic thin plate containing an elliptical inclusion is proposed with the help of Faber series. A hybrid element with an elliptical inclusion for anisotropic materials is obtained by using the hybrid variable principle, and the element efficiency is verified by numerical examples. The state of the damage is modeled by an elliptical soft inclusion, and using the point stress criterion based on characteristic curve and Yamada-Sun etc. criteria, the prediction of the strength of a composite laminate with damage is set up. The effects of various parameters on the stress distribution and the residual strength of a composite laminate weakened by damage are detailedly studied.

首先基于经典层板理论，将复合材料层板的弹性问题化归为均匀各向异性板来求解；采用各向异性体平面弹性理论中的复势方法，以Faber级数为工具，给出了有限大含椭圆核各向异性板弹性问题的级数解形式；利用杂交变分原理，成功导出含椭圆核各向异性板杂交应力有限元，并用算例验证了该单元的可行性和有效性；采用含刚度折减椭圆形弹性核的冲击损伤模型，引入基于特征曲线和Yamada-Sun破坏准则的点应力判据，建立了含损伤复合材料层板剩余强度的分析方法；通过数值计算详细讨论了各种几何参数对损伤层板应力分布、剩余强度的影响，得到了一系列对工程应用具有实用价值的结论。

Empirical study confirm that the effect of acupuncture is versatility and multipath .it could improve the defect of animal neurosis caused by cerebral ischemia damage, could lower the degree of ischemia and anoxemia injury, could promote the injured region's recovery and functional restoration and so on.

实验研究证实，针刺能改善实验性脑缺血损伤动物神经症状的缺损、降低缺血缺氧对组织的损伤程度、促进损伤区的修复和功能重建等。

Background: The neuron death resulting from traumatic brain injury can be classified into 3 types:(1)neuron death due to primary injury;(2)neuron necrosis due to secondary injury such as hemorrhage, compression, anoxemia and ischemia;(3)neuron apoptosis due to inflammatory factor, cytokine,, excitatory transmitter, Ca~(2+) overload and oxygen radical et al.

引言创伤性脑损伤所致的神经元死亡主要有三种：①原发性损伤所致的神经元直接死亡；②外伤后出血、压迫、缺血缺氧等继发性损伤因素所引起的神经元坏死；③炎性介质、细胞因子、兴奋性递质、Ca~(2+)超载、氧自由基等因素所诱发的神经元凋亡。

M{rX*o0 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor 7-nitroindazole (7-NI) on smoke inhalation pulmonary injury in rats. METHODS: Forty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (n=8), smoke inhalation model group (n=16) and 7-NI treatment group (n=16). After reproducing the smoke inhalation model, to the 7-NI treatment group rats 7-NI (20 mg/kg in 2 ml arachis oil) was administered by intraperitoneal injection, while in the control group and the model group, 2 ml arachis oil was administered by intraperitoneal injection.

探讨神经型一氧化氮合酶抑制剂7-硝基吲唑(7-NI)在烟雾吸入性肺损伤中的作用。40只SD雄性大鼠被随机分为正常对照组(n=8)、烟雾吸入性肺损伤模型组(n=16)和7-NI治疗组(n=16)，建立烟雾吸入性肺损伤模型。7-NI治疗组在致伤后立即腹腔注射7-NI 20 mg/kg(溶于2 ml花生油中)；正常对照组及模型组腹腔注射2 ml花生油。

After reproducing the smoke inhalation model, to the 7-NI treatment group rats 7-NI (20 mg/kg in 2 ml arachis oil) was administered by intraperitoneal injection, while in the control group and the model group, 2 ml arachis oil was administered by intraperitoneal injection.

探讨神经型一氧化氮合酶抑制剂7-硝基吲唑(7-NI)在烟雾吸入性肺损伤中的作用。40只SD雄性大鼠被随机分为正常对照组(n=8)、烟雾吸入性肺损伤模型组(n=16)和7-NI治疗组(n=16)，建立烟雾吸入性肺损伤模型。7-NI治疗组在致伤后立即腹腔注射7-NI 20 mg/kg(溶于2 ml花生油中)；正常对照组及模型组腹腔注射2 ml花生油。

Results:The activity of ALT and AST of ASCI patients is much higher than that at recovery phase,and it is also higher than that of patients with spinal column fracture,while activity of patients with complete spinal cord injury is higher than that of patients suffered from incomplete spinal cord injury.

结果：急性脊柱脊髓损伤患者血清中ALT和AST活性显著高于其恢复期及单纯脊柱骨折患者，并且在急性期脊髓完全损伤患者血清中ALT和AST活性明显高于脊髓不完全损伤患者。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。