信号

A time-shared control circuit points to multiplexer, applies the control signal and switches and repeats to output the input signal by the predetermined cycle order. A comparator compares the voltages of the output signal from the multiplexer and the reference voltage and outputs a dimorphic signal representing the comparative result. A time-share controlled circuit applies the control signals, controls the action of the multiplexer and the latch circuit to lead the respective voltage comparative result to be maintained in the latch circuits.

分时控制电路(5)对多路调制器(4)，使用控制信号(Sc1)，以所定周期顺序切换反复输出所输入的信号(St1)-(St4)，比较器(3)对从多路调制器(4)输出的信号的电压和基准电压进行电压比较，输出表示该比较结果的二态信号，分时控制电路(5)使用控制信号(Sc1)及(Sc2)，控制多路调制器(4)及闩锁电路(LT1)-(LT4)的动作，使得信号(St1)-(St4)的各电压比较结果分别保持在闩锁电路(LT1)-(LT4)中。

A low frequency rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on local projective noise reduction;2. According to characteristics of both the vibration signals and the stator currents when appering a fault in the rolling bearing of the induction motor,Park vector module signal of the three-phase current is calculated,and the envelope of vibration signals from the rolling bearing of the motor is analyzed.

根据感应电机轴承发生故障时的振动信号特性以及定子电流特性，求出三相电流的Park矢量模信号，并将其与电机滚动轴承振动信号经解调处理后的包络信号进行融合分析，可以从振动信号与电流信号的融合谱图中有效地提取轴承故障特征信息，并将其作为故障识别的依据。

In order to decrease the measuring error of signal processing in laser Doppler velocimeter,frequency spectrum correction methods for laser Doppler signal were proposed.

在激光多普勒测速仪中，为了减小由信号处理算法带来的测量误差，提出运用频谱校正算法对多普勒信号的频谱进行校正，详细阐述了能量重心法、比值法和相位差法3种离散频谱校正算法的基本原理，运用这3种算法对理想正弦信号进行仿真，并运用比值法对信号施加不同频率和信噪比的噪音下的正弦信号和实测的多普勒信号进行仿真及实验研究。

First use of sensors to convert the weight of voltage signal, and then voltage signal amplification input A / D converter, followed by A / D converter tool analog signals into digital signals, the digital signal will be sent to the microcontroller, through the process of Signal processing, and weighing function, and then the weight and keyboard input price multiply calculated lump sum, and the weight and price with LCD display.

首先用传感器把重量转换成电压信号，再将电压信号放大输入A/D转换，利用A/D转换工具将模拟信号转化为数字信号，将得到的数字信号传送至单片机，通过程序对信号进行处理，实现称重功能，然后将重量与键盘输入单价相乘计算出总价，并将重量和价格用LCD显示出来。

Firstly,we particularly explained the algorithmic of themusic recognition.Then,we made a study of the music characteristic and the musicrecognition methods.As for the burrs of the music signal,we put forward a curveplastic method to eliminate the burrs.Considering the difficulties of detecting thepoint of the music speech,we made use of the multi-frequency energy curve to detectthe end-point of the music signal with the crossing zeros rate.As for thedisadvantages of the large operation and influence of the formant,we improved theAMDF theory with the linear prediction algorithmic to detect the error.In order toobtain the characteristic parameter of the music signal,wo calculate the MFCCparameter to obtain the template and the pending signal characteristic parameter.Inorder to improve the rate of the recognition,considering the disadvantages of theDTW algorithmic,we find a new method to improved the DTW algorithmic bybroadening the point of the music signal and made simulation experimentation;As forthe disadvantages of the contraposition grade to the pitch,cadent and sing name,wefind a method to dynaic adjust the results of the recognition to improve the accuracyof the grade.

详细阐述了嵌入式音乐识别算法的详细设计与实现，研究了音乐语言的特点和音乐识别的侧重点，并阐述了基于音乐信号特色的语音处理及识别方法；针对音乐信号中的毛刺干扰，提出了曲线整形的思想，消除了音乐信号中的毛刺；针对音乐信号端点检测困难的特点，利用多频段能量曲线分割结合过零率来实现端点准确检测；针对音高提取运算量大且容易受共振峰影响的特点，利用线性预测残差的方法对传统的AMDF算法进行了改进并提取出了音高，在实际实现时，优化了AMDF算法，减少了计算量；为了得到较好的特征参数，通过求取梅尔频标倒谱系数的方法，分别提取了模板信号特征参数和待测信号特征参数；为了提高识别率，针对传统DTW算法的缺陷，采用了放宽端点和声刺激法改进了传统的DTW算法的性能并进行了仿真试验，使音乐识别率得到明显提高；在音高、节奏评分时，针对对位评分的缺点，采取了动态调整的方法提高了评分的准确度。

HMM is good at dealing with sequential inputs,while SVM shows superior performance in classification especially for limited samples.Therefore,they can be combined to get a better and effective multilayer architecture classifier.SVM is used to resolve the uncertainty of the remaining signal which is confusable after the HMM-based recognition.

针对战场环境下声信号的特点，算法综合考虑HMM适合处理连续动态信号及SVM小样本情况下的强分类能力，利用HMM处理待辨识的连续动态信号，将HMM易混淆的信号作为与待辨识信号较为相似的模式类，形成候选模式集，再由SVM在候选模式中对待辨识信号作最后决策。

By time-varying filtering, we realize the signal selectivity and interference suppression, especially for the signals with time-varying power spectrum. It is shown herein that conventional eigenstructure based methods are lower dimensional special case of the time-frequency subspace fitting method. The closed-form array response estimation algorithms for blind source separation in wireless communication is also developed in the dissertation by exploiting the data structure of second-order statistics of the array output in the presence of multipath. The proposed method achieves array response estimation with little constraint on signal property and propagation environment such as scatters or angular spread. Moreover, the array utilized here can be of arbitrary geometry and even uncalibrated. Since the closed-form solution is obtained, no misconvergency may occur and large amount of computation can be saved. The equivalent feed model and corresponding optimization designation are proposed to realize the downlink multi-user selective transmission. By coherent and non-coherent superposition of the electromagnetical field, multiple beams can be formed using a single array, so that each co-channel user signal is transmitted in each beam and will not interfered with each other. The proposed system scheme implements the digital beamforming and the channel allocation in the base band, therefore is suitable for the utilization of the radio software technology. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model are proved by the RF experiment.

在窄带条件下，GSC－SSF方法还可以提高阵列的虚拟孔径，从而提高估计的性能；可以证明，Cyclic DOA 和SC-SSF方法可看作该方法的特例或近似； 3、提出了二维GSC－SSF方法和宽带谱相关DOA矩阵方法，利用信号的循环平稳特性解决了宽带条件下二维 DOA 估计问题，并具有阵元数少、计算量较小的特点； 4、提出了时频子空间拟合和宽带时频DOA估计算法，将联合时频分析的理论和方法引入到阵列信号的空间谱估计研究中，利用时变滤波实现信号选择性测向和干扰抑制，特别适合于谱时变信号；可以证明传统特征结构法可看作是时频子空间拟合方法的特例； 5、提出了多用户环境下阵列响应的估计方法——CARE方法，该方法对信号结构和传播参数（主要是散射源分布与角度散布）的约束较少，适用于各种几何结构的阵列甚至未校准的阵列，能够直接得到阵列响应的闭式解，因此计算量小、稳健性好，不存在收敛问题； 6、提出了针对多用户下行选择性发送的阵列等效激励模型、优化设计方法及其系统实现方案，通过空间场的相干叠加与非相干叠加使得单一阵列能够形成多个波束，并保证各波束内的用户信号各不相同且相互干扰最小；其系统方案具有在基带实现数字波束成形、信道分配并便于软件无线电实现的特点，其有效性已得到外场实测数据的证实。

The dissertation analysis different measurement on channel frequency,different vibration signals sets and different location to form each ICA result.With regard to the failure diagnosis of the turbine generator operation,the study has explored the possibilities to detect the failure diagnosis source from the measurement signals.It has also provided sufficient analysis case for the application of separation to detecting failure source on the turbine generator.2.Aiming at the engineering application of overcomplete bases ICA,the dissertation has raised virtual channel on the new method of ICA.It take advantage of some testified knowledge to the constitution of ICA known as, together with other measurement signal to proceed ICA separation,which can increase frequency on the input signal.

分析了以不同测量通道数量、不同振动信号类型组合和不同测点位置组成输入信号的ICA分离效果，并对机组在故障状态下，从测量信号中分离出故障源的可能性进行了探讨，为ICA在汽轮机振动故障源分离方面的应用提供丰富的分析实例。2针对超完备基ICA的工程应用问题，提出附加虚拟通道ICA的新方法，利用某些已经具有先验知识的独立分量构成附加输入信号，与其它测量信号组合在一起进行ICA分离，达到增加输入信号数量的目的。

Results In 11 cases,5 cases were intracranial,and 6 cases intravertebral canal.MRI could effectively show similarly shuttle or long-round shape's abnormal signal imaging.The T1W imaging showed uniformity or asymmetric and low or equal signal.The borders were slighty low or equal signal intensity,some had spetum.The T2W imaging showed obviously high signal,and a few cases showed slightly high or equal signal,while the borders showed slightly low or equal signal imaging.The thin peripheral could be obviously enhanced,but without inner enhancement.

结果 11例中发生于颅内5例，椎管内6例，其 MRI 表现：断面上显示为在颅板下或椎管内的梭形或长圆形异常信号影， T1WI 上表现为均匀或不均匀的低、略低或等信号影，周边为略低或等信号的较厚边缘，少部分（2例）有分隔； T2WI 上多表现为较明显的高信号，少数呈等、略高信号，并可见略低或等信号的边缘；增强扫描病灶边缘明显强化，其内无明显强化或不强化，1例病灶呈较均匀的强化，1例病灶部分呈片状强化。

Namely in high-frequency unit use gradually incisive time resolution and lower frequency resolution, in order to moves the near observation signal quickly to change the part; In low frequency partially has the higher frequency resolution and the lower time resolution, in order to moves the far observation signal slowly to change partially, the wavelet this kind of signal analysing expression characteristic to analyzes the non- steady signal is extremely effective, suits the transient state anomaly very much which smuggles in the survey normal signal and demonstrates its ingredient, therefore by reputation for analysis signal microscope.

即在高频部分使用逐渐尖锐的时间分辨率和较低的频率分辨率，以便移近观察信号的快变部分；在低频部分具有较高的频率分辨率和较低的时间分辨率，以便移远观察信号的慢变部分，小波这种信号分析表示特征对分析非平稳信号是非常有效的，很适合于探测正常信号中夹带的瞬态反常现象并且展示其成分，所以被誉为分析信号的显微镜。

If you are unfortunate enough to the lovelorn, please tell me, I will help you out, really, please contact me!

如果你不幸失恋了，请告诉我，我会帮助你摆脱困境，真的，请联系我啦！

China's plan to cut energy intensity by 20 percent and pollutant discharges by 10 percent between 2006 and 2010 is a case in point.

中国计划在2006年到2010间降低20%的能源强度和减少10%的主要污染物排放，就是一个这样的例子。