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Vesic's solutions to cavity expansion that include cylindrical cavity expansion and spherical cavity expansion are introduced. Then cylindrical cavity expansion theory is applied to study compaction effect of pile driving in saturated soil. Based on the results of conventional triaxial tests, a trilinear curve model is used to simulate stress-strain curve of strain-softening materials. Meanwhile, trilinear curves are also used to simulate curves of volumetric strain, minor principal strain and major principal strain. By using elasto-plastic theory, analytical solutions to cylindrical cavity expansion in strain-softening soil are presented. According to the mechanism of statically pressed pile driving, compaction effect of pile tip can be viewed as hemispheric cavity expansion. Therefore spherical cavity expansion theory is applied to obtain the solutions to stress, strain, displacement fields and final pressure. Resistance force of pile tip is calculated to estimate static pressure.

介绍了Vesic关于圆孔扩张问题的解答，其中包括柱形孔扩张问题和球形孔扩张问题，并应用柱形孔扩张理论分析了饱和软土中的沉桩挤土效应问题；在常规三轴试验成果的基础上，采用三折线模型模拟具有应变软化性质的岩土材料的应力应变关系曲线，分析了在应变软化土体中沉桩时桩周土的位移场、应力场和应变场的变化，得到了解析解答；分析了静压桩的沉桩机理，并利用球形孔扩张理论，视桩端处的挤土为半个球形孔的扩张，分析了桩端处土的位移场、应力场和应变场的变化，并根据最终扩张压力计算出沉桩时的桩端阻力，可作为压桩力的估算。

The probability vector can be viewed as a prototype vector for generating solution vectors that have high evaluations with respect to the available knowledge of the search space. Compared with the general genetic algorithm, PBIL discards the complex and problem-correlation operators, which always affect the algorithm's performance highly.

相对于常规遗传算法，PBIL进化算法抛弃了复杂的且对算法性能影响很大的交叉、变异算子，而引入竞争学习的机制，以概率矢量的方式通过采样来产生下一代群体，然后选出群体中最优个体对概率矢量进行更新，直至最后收敛。

He was viewed as one of the most prolific writers in the 19th century.

他被认为是19世纪最多产的作家之一。

When Israel became a state in 1948 , prophetically minded Christians viewed it as a miracle of God .

当以色列成为一个国家，在1948年，预言志同道合的基督徒认为这是一个奇迹，上帝的。

Instead of performing in a space surrounded by an audience on three sides, sometimes seated in raised galleries, dancers now were separated from their audiences and framed by a proscenium arch and viewed frontally Movement in the frontal plane replaced floor pattern as the most visible spatial effect.

而在表演空间，三面包围观众，有时坐在提高画廊，现在舞者们离开了观众和装裱前台拱正面看待额叶运动机更换地板作为最看得见的空间格局。

These different prosodic encodings form distinct ways of speaking that are often viewed as typically English or French.

这些不同的韵律编码形成了不同的说话方式，这就被认为是典型的英语或是法语。

Viewed in this light, they embody the ardent aspirations and the inmost hopes 2 Of course, it suits Jewish writers, like Dr. Jost, to deprecate the value of the Pseudepigrapha.

从这个角度看，它们所体现的强烈愿望和内心深处的希望 2当然，它很适合犹太作家，如博士乔斯特，以藐视的价值Pseudepigrapha 。

In Physics based modeling, the object is viewed as a physics and not a pure geometry model.

基于物理的造型是将物体看成具有一定物理性质的形体，即某种物理模型而不是单纯的几何体。

Hester's adultery is viewed as a threat to the Puritan community in which she lives.

海丝特通*被看作是威胁到社会的清教徒在她的生命。

The potential for de-stabilizing the Middle East and Gulf is viewed similarly by the Chinese as it is by us, if Iran, in its pursuit, triggers an arms race And we had some very useful exchanges of information there.

中国和美国都认为中东和海湾地区存在着不稳定的可能性，如果伊朗在追求核武器的过程中引起了军备竞赛，那么我们有一些很有用的交换情报。

I'm not an actor. I'm a professor of paleontology.

我不是演员，我是古生物学教授

Spider Network Web site that is a very image of the name.

网络蜘蛛即Web Spider，是一个非常形象的名字。