查询词典 estimation of error

First of all, according to the length of Hole and equipment configuration to specifications through bad error limit based on the design of the tunnel control point measurement, the number of target and observational accuracy requirements, and plans to link up on the design and error estimation.

首先根据洞子长度和仪器配置情况，以规范要求的贯通误差限差为依据，设计隧道控制测量的点位、数量、精度指标和观测要求，并且要进行图上设计和贯通误差估算。

In the process of error analyses, an estimation formula of error remaining for the bilinear interpolation function is put forward and proved.

在误差分析过程中，给出了双线性插值函数误差余项的估计式，并给出了证明。

On the basis of direct modelling method by using extended Kalman filter, a new method combining extended Kalman filter with adaptive extended Kalman filter is presented to model gyro drift directly from rotate angle of turntable. Extended Kalman filter has great estimation error, what is more, may be divergent if the model and noise statistic are not accurate or wrong. The new method solves the problem of general extended Kalman filter by using fictious noise with timevarying statistic to compensate the linearized model error of extended Kalman filter. The parameter estimators of single-axis and double-axis servo test are designed from it.

本文深入研究了根据伺服试验数据进行陀螺仪漂移误差模型建模的方法，在应用广义Kalman滤波器直接建模的方法基础上，针对广义Kalman滤波器对于不精确或错误的模型和噪声统计，估计误差较大，甚至滤波发散的缺陷，借助于用带时变噪声统计的虚拟噪声补偿广义Kalman滤波的线性化模型误差的新思想，提出了用广义Kalman滤波和自适应广义Kalman滤波算法相结合的方法由转台的转角数据直接建模陀螺仪漂移误差模型，并设计了陀螺仪单轴伺服和双轴伺服测试时参数估计的滤波器。

First of all, we introduce some interval methods and propose a new approach to find confidence interval for the slope in homoscedastic measurement error models. The performance of the interval estimation is compared in terms of both coverage probability and its diameter via simulation studies. Second, we suggest two approaches to estimate confidence intervals for the slope and joint confidence regions for both intercept and slope in heteroscedastic measurement error models. Application of these methods are illustrated with real data sets.

首先，当测量误差的变异是同质性时，我们对斜率项参数建构信赖区间，除了回顾已发表的方法外，也提出一个新的方法，建议的区间方法分别和已存在的方法做模拟比较，比较的标准建构在覆盖机率和平均长度上；另外，当测量误差的变异是异质性时，我们不仅对斜率项参数建构信赖区间提出新的方法，也对截距项参数和斜率项参数建构联合信赖区间。

Because the weights are determined by the correlation of code sequence and estimation error of channels, which can be nearly determined by system load factor, we determine the sub-optimum weights by system load factor through simulations, and substitute the hard-decision symbol function by soft-decision hyperbolic tangent function to decrease the risk of error decision.

由于加权因子取决于前级符号估计的可靠性。也就是取决于扩频码互相关系数与信道估计精度，在随机扩频系统中，估计精度可近似由系统负荷决定，因此可根据系统负荷决定加权因子，以很小的性能降低代价换取计算量的极大降低。同时，为进一步降低误判风险，使用带有斜率控制因子的双曲正切函数代替常规的符号函数。

The error estimation inequation of Wachspress interpolation indicates that the error of Wachspress interpolation decreases with the reduction of polygonal element size.

利用wachspress插值形函数的性质和二元函数的Taylor展开式的向量形式，给出了wachspress插值的误差估计不等式。

Firstly, the Signal Noise Ratio characteristic of matched filter despread symbol and the distribution of coherent phase estimation error are derived. Secondly, the exact integration formula of BER for fading channel is presented, moreover, by using the Maclaurin series expansion of MPSK conditional Symbol Error Rate, the simplified BER approximations for BPSK and QPSK are derived over AWGN, Nakagami-m fading and Rayleigh fading channel.

首先推导了匹配滤波解扩符号的信噪比特性和相干相位估计误差的分布；然后给出了衰落信道中误比特率的精确积分式，并利用MPSK条件误符号率的麦克劳林级数形式，推导了AWGN，Nakagami-m衰落和瑞利衰落信道中BPSK，QPSK误比特率的简化逼近式。

Computer simulations show that the scheme proposed increases the transmission efficiency, and at the same time, can obtain lower error bit rate and mean square error of channel estimation than conventional OFDM systems with relative low complexity.

仿真实验表明，该策略可提高传输效率、增强系统的抗噪性能、获得比传统OFDM系统更低的信道估计均方误差和误码率，且具有较低的计算复杂度。

Its results show that in order to maintain desired BER performance the fixed estimalion error should be less than 0.07 dB, thd deviation of random estimation error should be less than 0.6, and the time-delay should be controlled within 0.001/v/λ(subscript c.

分析和仿真结果表明，为了维持系统所需的BER性能，固定估计误差值应小于0.07dB，随机估计误差的离差要低于0.6，而时间延迟应控制在0.001/v/λ

In our design, the main assumption is that the regressor vector satisfies certain Lipschitz condition; the key procedure is that we transform the error system to the traditional form with the parameter estimation error multiplying the"regressor vector"; and the"regressor vector-based"update law comes from the combination of the gradient algorithm with a σ-modified term.

基于回归向量的自适应律是在经典的梯度算法上增加一个σ修正项后得到的。

Therefore, it is imperative that you need to be prepared for the great change that is about to occur.

所以，你需要为快要出现的伟大改变准备好，这是必要的。

If u agree with our suggestion of dicker trade,we will exchange paper with u wood.

如果你方同意我们进行易货贸易的建议，我们将用纸与你们交换木材。