查询词典 equivalence problem

Key words :translation ; dynamic equivalence ; semantic translation ; communicative translation ; a correlative approach to translation

他们在对翻译的认识及处理内容与形式关系方面有共识亦有差异。

To ensure the accuracy in translation,every translator is supposed to make every endeavour to realize semantic and pragmatic equivalence .

在翻译中，译者不仅要有"语义意识"，还要有"功能意识"，力争做到译文与原文的意义等值、功能等同，才能确保译文的准确性。

Translation is the expression in another language(or target language of what has been expressed in another, source language, preserving semantic and stylistic equivalence.

Bell提出：翻译是把第一种语言所表达的东西用第二语言重新表达出来，尽量保持语义与文体方面的等值。

Some translated names which have become conventionalized in the target language usage might otherwise be proved rather inappropriate just in terms of semantic equivalence or phonetic correspondence.

人、地名翻译中存在着着许多似乎背离了一般翻译范畴的现象，一些早已在语言应用中约定俗成的音译、误译、甚至跨语改名都莫不如此。

In order to improve the expression capability and the performance ofthe graph transformation in applying to software evolution, a softwareevolution operation description language SEOL (Software EvolutionOperation Language) is proposed, and the structured operational semantics on SEOL is studied, and then the semantic equivalence analysismethod about software evolution operation is described. To the SEOLexpression, the dissertation builds the corresponding processingmechanisms, which include the basic principles and the processing flow,and discusses the graph transformation description in SEOL.

为提高图变换在软件演化应用中的表达能力和处理性能，结合谓词逻辑，论文提出了软件演化操作描述语言SEOL(SoftwareEvolution Operation Language)，研究了SEOL语言的结构化操作语义，指出了软件演化操作语义等价的分析方法，针对SEOL语言表达式，构建了相应的处理机制，包括处理的基本原理和处理流程，讨论了图变换操作的SEOL描述。

The traditional query tree optimization methods,parallel database optimization methods based on left linear trees and right linear trees,bushy trees,and operation of the forest,have their own pros and cons,they have been more in-depth and maturity of the study.The query optimization method based on multiple weighted tree has studied its model of parallel query plan,its complexity model of parallel query plan and query optimization algorithms.The semantic query method transforms an inquiry into one or several semantic equivalence inquiries then has to find and implement a strategy to achieve a better query.Agent-based parallel database query optimization using Multi-Agent technology to automatically search the integrity constraint conditions which are related to the determined query,there for,the efficiency between several relations' joins has been greatly improved.The parallel optimization algorithm,based on genetic algorithm which is suitable for multi-joins of cluster environment,has deeply studied the relations storage options,multi-joins query optimization and query processing and other key technologies based on cluster parallel database.

传统的查询树优化方法，即基于左线性树、右线性树、浓密树、操作森林的并行数据库查询优化方法，各有优劣，对其的研究比较深入、成熟；基于多重加权树的查询优化方法，研究了其并行查询计划模型、并行查询计划的复杂性模型和查询优化算法；语义查询优化方法将一个查询变换成一个或数个语义等价的查询，进而寻找并执行这些等价查询中具有较好实现策略的一个；基于Agent的并行数据库查询优化采用Multi-Agent技术自动查找与给定查询有关的完整性约束条件，使得多个关系间连接操作的效率得到很大的提高；基于遗传算法的并行优化算法，深入研究了基于机群并行数据库中关系存储的选择、多连接查询优化和查询处理等关键技术。

The author constructed a linear schemes type Region-Project-Join-Normal-Form based on lossless join decomposition, and gave the form of RPJNF through the presentation of equivalence between semantic variable independence and syntax variable independence under finite precision domain. Some other new constraint data dependencies including partitioned multi-region existence dependency and single region existence dependency were also presented. A result of variables set under linear transformation was discussed.

文中给出并证明了多区域存在依赖满足的几条推理规则；提出并证明了线性序约束关系进行模式无损连接分解的充要条件是变量集满足变量独立和多区域存在依赖；设计了一种基于模式无损连接分解的区域投影连接范式；通过证明有限精度域上语义变量独立和语法变量独立的等价性，给出有限精度域上RPJ范式的表达形式。

In some literatures, another equivalence between the WKB method and the path integral approach has been discussed, a set of rules of constructing semiclassical green functions with respect to the position and energy which is the fourier transformation of the semiclassical path integral propagator with respect to position and time was established.

一些文献讨论了WKB方法和路径积分方法的等价性，得到了求解作为坐标和时间域的传播子的傅立叶变换的坐标和能量空间的格林函数的一套规则。

In the perspective of semiotics, equivalence is the relationship between a sign and its interpretation.

从符号学理论角度来看，翻译本质上是两种符号系统的转换：等值是符号和解释项之间的关系。

In this paper,δ-continuous and almost continuous Q\-1Q\-2-mapping are introduced, and continuous,δ-continuous, almost continuous are equivalence in the semiregular de Morgan topological algebra.

Q1Q2 -映射的连续性已在 [2 ]中讨论过，在本文中引进了 Q1Q2 -映射的δ-连续性，几乎连续性，并在半正则德摩根拓扑代数中证明了三种连续性的等价

We have limited budget let me know if you can do this competitively.

我们有限的预算让我知道如果你能做到这一点竞争力。

We don't know how other critters breathe--lizards, for example.

我们还不知道诸如蜥蜴之类的动物如何呼吸。