查询词典 context-free language

objective to evaluate efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsyfor treating ureteral stones in situ,investigate the cause of higher re-treatment rate.methods total of 687 patients with ureteral stone were received eswl between january 2000 and december 2004,included 455 male(66.2%) and 232 female(33.8%) patients,6 cases have bilateral ureteral calculi,12 cases have unilateral multiple calculi.hence,together 709 ureteral calculi were treated.patients upper ureteral calculi were treated in the supine position,for lower ureteral calculi patients were turned prone.to reduce eswl-induced renal trauma and pain,using lower energy source,adjusted power setting from 9.8 to 13.2kv,limited 1500 shock wavs per one session.no auxiliary procedure were used before eswl.the stone size was measured as the surface area of stone length by stone width on x-ray film.the interval between two treatment sessions was two weeks.results of 709 ureteral calculi,the overall stone free rate was 97.3%(690 calculi),re-treatment rate was 34.1%(292 calculi).according to the performed treatment sessions,one session 467 calculi,the mean stone size 37.27mm2,stone free rate 65.4%(464 calculi).two sessions 138 calculi,the mean stone size 62.48mm2,stone free rate 18.4%(131calculi).three sessions 52 calculi,the mean stone size 79.60mm2,stone free rate 7.1%(50calculi).four sessions 19 calculi,the mean stone size 101.63mm2,stone free rate 2.4%(17calculi).fivesessions 33 calculi,the mean stone size 119.33mm2,stone free rate 3.9%(28 calculi).overall 19 cases(2.7%)turned to other treatment modalities.of 335 upper ureteral calculi,303 achieved stone free (95.8%),re-treatment rate was 38.5%(129 calculi).of 374 lower ureteral calculi,369 achieved stone free(98.7%),re-treatment rate was 30.2%(113 calculi).the re-treatment rate of upper ureteral calculi was higher than lower ureteral calculi(p＜0.05,χ2=5.40).the difference of stone-free rate between upper and lower ureteral calculi was no significant(p＞0.05,χ2=0.15).conclusion eswl should be considered first line therapy for ureteral stone still.stone burden are the main variable of higher re-treatment rate,upper ureteral stone may moving with respiring during eswl.so efficinet shock wave was decreared,re-treatment rate become higher.

目的 评估体外震波碎石治疗输尿管结石的疗效，探讨再治疗率高的原因及输尿管结石的治疗选择。方法回顾2000年1月～2004年12月间eswl治疗输尿管结石的临床资料687例，男455例（66.2%），女232例（33.8%），平均年龄46.6岁（15～83岁）。有双侧输尿管结石6例，单侧多发性输尿管结石12例（4颗1例，3颗2例，2颗9例），共计输尿管结石709颗（含透光结石13颗）。应用上海爱申公司生产的desunit6030型碎石机，c臂x线球管做结石定位。上段输尿管结石（肾盂输尿管交界处至骶髂关节上缘）取仰卧位，下段输尿管结石（骶髂关节上缘下至输尿管口）取俯卧位。为减少eswl引起的肾损伤和疼痛，应用较低的能量，震波发生器电压从9.8～13.2kv，震波频率1.5s。每次治疗设定为1500次震波。治疗后3天摄腹部平片或b超，以后每隔7日重复检查。假如结石未碎或有残留结石最长径＞3mm以上，再次eswl，两次治疗的间隔时间为两周。结石的大小用x线片上的表面积（mm2表示。结果 709颗输尿管结石总的治愈率为97.3%（690颗），再治疗率34.1%（242颗）。其中一次治疗467颗，平均结石大小37.27mm2，治愈464颗（65.4%），3颗改治疗；两次治疗138颗，平均结石大小62.48mm2，治愈131颗（18.5%），7颗改治疗；第1和第2次治疗治愈率（1个月治愈率）为83.8%。3次治疗52颗，平均结石大小79.60mm2，治愈50颗（7.1%），2颗改治疗；4次治疗19颗，平均结石大小101.63mm2，治愈17颗（2.4%），2颗改治疗；5次及5次以上治疗33颗，平均结石大小119.33mm2，治愈28颗（3.9%），5颗改治疗。总计19颗（2.7%）结石改变治疗方式。上段输尿管结石335颗，治愈321颗（95.8%），再治疗129颗（38.5%）。下段输尿管结石374颗，治愈369颗（98.7%），再治疗113颗（30.2%）。经χ2检验，上、下段输尿管结石的再治疗率差异有显著性（χ2=5.40，p＜0.05），治愈率差异无显著性（χ2=0.15，p＞0.05）。不良反应：血压升高13例（1.9%），震波区域疼痛26例（3.8%），震波进入处皮肤点状淤血33例（4.8%），肉眼血尿128例（18.6%），均于第2、3天自行消失。结论 eswl目前仍是输尿管结石的第一线治疗，结石的大小是再治疗率高的主要因素。结石的位置有影响，上段输尿管结石可随呼吸移动，有效震波次数减少，再治疗率比下段输尿管结石高。eswl前注重病例筛选可降低再治疗率。

Airport red carpet services: Free agent check-in, free inbound and outbound flights with the latest weather information and advice, free agent baggage procedures, free tea and fashion magazines, newspapers, books, free purchase of the airport construction costs and insurance, free access to a comfortable lounge, free advise and guide passengers boarding services, toll-free telephone bookings, airport for the tickets, free hand to the gate area of separation, preferential ordering of domestic and international air tickets .

机场红地毯服务内容：免费代办登机手续、免费提供最新航班进出港信息与天气咨询、免费代办行李托运手续、免费享用茶水与流行杂志、报刊读物、免费代购机场建设费和保险、免费享受舒适的休息厅、免费提醒并引导旅客的登机服务、免费电话订票，机场取票、免费专人送至隔离区内的登机口、优惠订购国内、国际机票。

Airport red carpet services: Free agent check-in, free inbound and outbound flights with the latest weather information and advice, free agent baggage procedures, free tea and fashion magazines, newspapers, books, free purchase of airport construction fees and insurance, free access to comfortable lounges, free advise and guide passengers boarding services, toll-free telephone bookings, airport for the tickets, free hand to the gate area of separation, preferential ordering of domestic and international air tickets.

免费代办登机手续、免费提供最新航班进出港信息与天气咨询、免费代办行李托运手续、免费享用茶水与流行杂志、报刊读物、免费代购机场建设费和保险、免费享受舒适的休息厅、免费提醒并引导旅客的登机服务、免费电话订票，机场取票、免费专人送至隔离区内的登机口、优惠订购国内、国际机票。

At first, we develop Context-Free Language XMLization system. We use Context-Free Language to describe idea and logic of human, and try to transform it into XML automatically.

首先，我们开发出一个上下文无关语言的XML化系统，利用上下文无关语言来表达人的想法与逻辑，然后透过自动化的转换流程，将上下文无关语言转换成XML。

According to the express mode of voice teaching language, the voiceteaching language of vocal music can be divided into visual language, instructing language,depicting language, explicative language and a pithy formula language.

声乐教师在教学中要不断积累和锤炼自己的教学语言，最大限度地发挥教学语言的作用，达到理想的教学效果。

According to the express mode of voice teaching language, the voice teaching language of vocal music can be divided into visual language、instructing language、depicting language 、explicative language and a pithy formula language.

根据教学语言表达方式的不同，可将声乐教学中的有声语言分为形象性语言、指令性语言、叙述性语言、解释性语言和口诀式语言。

CPL language based on ALGOL 60 close to the hardware, but relatively large scale, it is difficult to achieve. University of Cambridge in 1967 of the Matin Richards made to simplify the language of CPL, the introduction of the BCPL (Basic Combined Programming Language) language. In 1970 the United States Ken Thompson of Bell Labs to the basis of language BCPL, but also further simplified the design of a very simple hardware and is very close to the B language and language with B first UNIX operating system, the PDP-7 to achieve.

CPL语言在ALGOL 60的基础上接近了硬件一些，但规模比较大，难以实现。1967年英国剑桥大学的Matin Richards对 CPL语言作了简化，推出了BCPL（Basic Combined Programming Language）语言。1970年美国贝尔实验室的 Ken Thompson以 BCPL语言为基础，又作了进一步简化，设计出了很简单的而且很接近硬件的 B语言（取 BCPL的第一个字母），并用 B语言写第一个UNIX操作系统，在PDP-7上实现。

Folk song has special charm of using "lay-folk poem" language. This paper discusses the characteristics of folk song's language from stylistic perspective in three parts. The first part discusses the concept of folk songs, the context type and its style belonging, confining the researching, analyzing the producing context of folk songs and introducing its style belonging simply. The second part analyzes the characteristics of 'lay-folk poem' language by using a number of examples, which includes the aspects of orallisition of its vocabulary application, the concision and deviation of its grammar, its regular rhetoric technique, the foil word and rhyme. The third part emphasizes the folk songs' function that different from other styles in emotion expressing, aesthetic views and practical aspects.

本文从语体角度分三个部分来探讨民歌语言的特色：第一部分阐述了民歌的定义、民歌语体的语境类型及语体归属，对本文的研究范围做出了界定，对民歌语体语言的生成语境做了分析，对民歌的语体归属做了简单的说明；第二部分从词汇运用的口语化、生活化，语法的简洁性与偏离性，常用的修辞手法，衬词及押韵五个方面来分析民歌语体的&平民诗歌&的特征，通过大量例证突出了民歌语言的特点；第三部分从表情、审美、实用三个方面对民歌的功能作了阐述，突出民歌语体有别于其它语体的特征。

To satisfy such social needs, English grammar teaching should shift from tradition, which regards grammar as an isolated, context-free and sentence-based language system, to present-day grammar teaching, which matches form with meaning and function in context, with the expectation of helping learners to achieve their ultimate goal, i.e. to use language appropriately, accurately and fluently in real communication.

为培养这样的人才，英语专业的语法教学应摆脱传统教学法的束缚，把语法与意义和功能结合起来，在一定的语境中去探讨学习语法，以期培养学生的交际能力，达到最终的目标，利用语言在实际的语境下自由、恰当、准确地表达思想，而语境语法教学可能成为实现这一目标的有意尝试。

Though the elements that constitute context may be subjective as well as objective, context is always an objective existence, with context corresponchence being a kind of subjective action, as the reflection of the language expresser's subjective initiative in his linguistic performance.

语境总是客观存在现实（尽管构成语境的因素有客观和主观之分），而适应语境则是一种主观行为，它是言语表达者的一种主观能动性在言语实践中的反映。

Farmers and ranchers are providing land to turbine owners or, in some cases, owning the equipment themselves.

农民和大牧场主正在向涡轮机主人提供土地。或者在一些情况下，他们自己拥有设备。

"This is a wonderful place. I will come back and visit it often."

"这是一个精彩的地方，我一定要经常来参观。"