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A flashing laser at one end fires digital on/off signals along the fiber.At about 120,000 miles a second-more than half the speel of light-they zip to the other end.

在玻璃纤维的一端，一个不停闪动的激光发生装置不断发出数字式闪断信号，这些信号以大约每秒12万英里的速度——超过了1/2光速——飞快地传输到另一端。

Based on the laser longitudinal mode splitting theory, a novel scheme of dual-frequency laser with large frequency-difference is presented using electrically controlled birefringence of liquid crystal, and the transmitted resonant mode splitting by birefringent of Fabry-Perot etalon has been analyzed theoretically. A new element of liquid crystal Fabry-Perot etalon is designed and fabricated, which serves as aselector and splitter of both laser longitudinal modes and Fabry-Perot etalons transmitted resonant modes. Two different experimental systems of laser-diode end-pumped Nd:YAG laser have been set up using two different LDs, and the transmission of liquid-crystal cell have been measured. When the empty LCFP is inserted in the cavity of high-power LD pumped Nd:YAG laser, the oscillation of a single laser longitudinal mode have been observed, such a result shows that the designed and fabricated LCFP element is capable of selecting single axial mode. While an anti-reflected liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of Nd:YAG laser end-pumped by the high-power LD, it is difficult to confirm weather the laser longitudinal modes have been spitted or not. The subject is summarized in this thesis and the improvement of the project has been presented.

论文以激光纵模的分裂理论为基础，提出了可望获得几十GHz甚至上百GHz的液晶电控双折射双频Nd：YAG激光器的总体方案，并对用双折射效应分裂F-P标准具透射谐振模进行了理论分析；设计并加工了一种集激光纵模选择、激光纵模分裂和F-P标准具谐振透射模分裂于一体的多功能元件——液晶电控双折射F-P标准具；建立了两种不同功率激光二极管端面泵浦的Nd：YAG激光实验系统，并对液晶盒的透射性质进行了测试；将未灌注液晶的空液晶F-P摘要标准具插入大功率LD泵浦Nd：、叭G激光谐振腔内，观察到了单纵模激光输出，说明所设计和加工的液晶F一P标准具具有纵模选择能力；将镀有增透膜的液晶盒插入大功率LD泵浦Nd八7AG激光谐振腔内，是否产生了激光纵模分裂现象还难以确定。

The bustling high street in the Hampshire village of Stockbridge is less than a mile from end to end.

繁华的商业街，在新罕布什尔州村stockbridge不到一英里，从端对端的解决。

Methods Eighty Class Ⅱ isogeneic F344 rats, weighing 250-350 g, were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=40). The control group adopted the Strome model. The allograft used for the experimental group preserved ascending pharyngeal artery, which formed a complex allograft together with tongue base, larynx and pharyngolarynx. End-to-end anastomosis was performed between both allograft common carotid arteries and anterior neck veins. The patency rate and survival rate of the allograft of the 2 groups were compared.

80只Ⅱ级近交系F344大白鼠，体质量250~350 g，随机分为2组，每组40只，共20对对照组采用Strome喉移植模型，实验组在切取供体喉时保留咽升动脉，将舌根、喉、喉咽作为复合移植体，供体大鼠双侧颈蓉动脉分别与受体大鼠颈总动脉、颈前静脉进行端端吻合重建移植喉血液循环，比较两组术后动静脉通畅率及移植喉存活率。

The whole PWM circuit contains two subcircuit, the front-end is PWM module that make up of the counter that based on nine MOSFET True-Single-Phase-Clock D flip-flop; the back-end is demodulated module, which is consist of a three order Chebyshev low-pass filter used trans-conductor capacitor. All the subcircuits are simulated. At last, an approving simulated result of the whole circuit is given too.

在调制部分，利用九管单相时钟D触发器构成计数器，并由此组成了脉冲宽度调制电路，同时给出了在典型温度下的仿真结果；在解调部分，介绍了低通滤波器从无源到有源的设计方法，设计了三阶切比雪夫低通跨导电容滤波器，同样给出了相应的仿真结果；最后，作为将脉冲宽度调制电路和滤波器作为整体电路，以脉冲调频波为输入进行了仿真，取得了令人满意的结果。

5 Measures should be taken to prevent end cell sulphurization if end cells are set for the battery group.

6.3.1.5 当蓄电池组设有端电池时，应有防止端电池硫化的措施。

Suprahepatic inferior vena cava was anastomosed end-to-end with running suture.

肝上下腔静脉用端端吻合连续缝合的方法。

Methods: The model was established with two cuff technique; The donor was perfused through the abdominal aorta with cold perfusate; The anastomosis of the suprahepatic vena cava was sutured end to end with 8~0 nylon line, and the continuity of portal vein and infrahepatic vena cava were established by means of cuff method respectively. The bile duct anastomosis was performed with internal stent.

采用二袖套法行大鼠原位肝移植，供体经腹主动脉进行肝脏冷灌注，肝上下腔静脉采用手缝合法进行吻合；门静脉和肝下下腔静脉用袖套法吻合；胆总管采用单管内支架胆管端端吻合。

The donor liver was cold perfused through abdominal aorta and portal vein respectively, the liver of recipient was step-excised, the suprahepatic vena cavewas sutured end -to -end with 8-0 nylon line, and the continuity of infrahepatic VC and portal veinwere established by means of cuff method respectively.

作者在参考Kamada等[1，2]用&二袖套法&吻合血管的基础上，并对供肝的灌注、受体肝脏切除及移植肝脏的血流重建等进行改进，以提供一个稳定可靠的动物模型的建立方法。1材料与方法1.1实验动物、药品及术前准备采用健康、成年、雄性、清洁级体重约200￣300g SD大鼠和二级Wistar大鼠，饲养条件符合SPF标准由南方医科大学南方医院实

Methods Knee joint was examined with arthroscopy and the remanant end of ACL was repaired. Then self made hook pin and sutural pin were used to suture the ACL by bidirectional 'U' shape suturation. The silk was fixed on the end point of tibia through anterior tunnel of tibial tuberosity.

关节镜探查膝关节、修整ACL残端，使用自制钩针和缝合针，双向&U&形缝合ACL断端，缝线经胫骨结节前骨隧道固定ACL于胫骨端止点。

Some questions asked by the adjudicators in one English Speaking Contest still run upon me very often.

我参加了一场以"我心中的奥运会"为主题的英语演讲竞赛，其间评判提的几个问题时时萦绕我的心头。

He called InTERActive our most profitable release of the year.

他呼吁互动的我们的最有利可图的释放一年。