骨

Results The long term results of the vascularized fibular graft varied in different types of bone defects. Nine patients with congenital pseudoarthrosis of tibia had the limb function restored in 65％ and one had nonunion of fibular graft, 3 fractures(7 times), and 5 angular deformities. Three patients with congenital radial deficiency had 62％ restoration of the limb function. All of them showed early closure of epiphyses of the grafted fibulae. Five cases with osteomyelitis and bone defects combined soft tissue deficiency had 94％ restoration of the limb function, and only one occurred fracture of fibular graft. One case with soft tissue defect and concomitant ulnar defect, ulnar nerve and median nerve injury, 67％ function of limb was recovered, and union of fibula graft was good. 100％ function of limb was recovered in 1 case with cavernoma of radius and without occurring valgus deformity of donor site.

结果应用带血管腓骨移植修复骨缺损的远期效果因缺损类型的不同而存在较大差异。9例先天性胫骨假关节患者，术后肢体功能恢复65％，其中移植腓骨骨不连1例、骨折3例(7次)、成角畸形5例；3例先天性桡骨缺如患者，术后肢体功能恢复62％，3例术后均出现移植腓骨骨骺线早闭，畸形复发；5例骨髓炎、骨外露、骨缺损并软组织缺损患者，术后肢体功能恢复94％，仅1例发生移植腓骨骨折；1例前臂软组织缺损并尺骨缺损，尺神经、正中神经损伤者，术后肢体功能恢复67％，骨愈合顺利；1例桡骨海绵状血管瘤者，术后肢体功能恢复100％，骨愈合顺利。

Natural creatural beef extract: beef bone extract powder,chicken bone extract powder,pork bone extract powder,etc.

天然动物骨物抽提系列：牛骨白汤、牛骨汤粉、鸡骨白汤、鸡骨汤粉、猪骨白汤、猪骨汤粉等。

The lumbar were cut and stined with Masson Golder Trichrome for bone histomorphomemetric analysis. Result: The QiangGuYin group ovariectomized rats' in 1.5m, 4.5m, 6m, Tb. Th compared with Fosamax group with statistical significance; in 4. 5m, 6m, compared with control group in Tb. sp with statistical significance.

结果：强骨饮组1.5月、4.5月、6月骨小梁厚度与福善美组数据相比具有统计学意义，4.5月，6月骨小梁间距与福善美组相比具有统计学意义，强骨饮组和福善美组数据与空白组相比骨体积分数、骨小梁厚度、骨小梁间距都具有统计学意义。

In this study the composites were applied to repair the rabbits'mandibular defects and implanted at the surface as onlay grafts that was fixed with dental implants. The ability of the composites repairing maxillofacial defects was evaluated with general observation, radiological and histological examination and compared with autogenous bone and coral.

本研究通过观察rhBMP-2、胶原、珊瑚复合骨修复兔下颌骨缺损，加高狗下颌骨骨面及与牙种植体结合，并与新鲜自体骨和珊瑚的修复作用比较，（1）应用复合骨修复兔下颌骨缺损，1、2、3个月取材，（2）将复合骨植于狗下颌骨体部颊侧骨膜下，采用钛种植体固定，1.5、3个月取材，通过体视及测量，X线片，组织学等观测指标，分析rhBMP-2、胶原、珊瑚复合骨修复骨缺损特点和体内降解特点。

Methods: Immunohistochemical study of CD133 expression: 55 cases osteosarcoma conventional paraffin-embedded tissues specimens come from Pathology Department Qilu Hospital Shandong University, including 4 cases parosteal osteosarcoma, 13 cases fibroblast-type osteosarcoma , 12 cases chondroblastic osteosarcoma and 26 cases Osteoblastoma osteosarcoma.

免疫组化研究CD133的表达：取自本院病理科的骨肉瘤常规石蜡包埋组织蜡块标本55例，其中骨旁骨肉瘤4例，纤维母细胞型骨肉瘤13例，软骨母细胞型骨肉瘤12例，骨母细胞型骨肉瘤26例，切成3μm的组织切片备用。

Then 3 rabbits with 6 limbs of each group were killed in the 1st, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 13th week respectively, to compare the bone healing roentgenologically and histologically There was receptive reaction in fresh homogenous bone implant ati...

实验证明脱钙同种异体骨是一种较好的植入物。彼优于新鲜异体骨，与新鲜自体骨植入无显著差异。新骨及软骨出现在植入物中而不在邻近宿主骨处，表明新骨形成可能是骨诱导作用的结果。

Result:Altogether uses this method to treat 10 examples patients, completely belongs to the serious open smashing bone fracture, moreover all is outside the bone reveals, as a result of the osteomyelitis, the bone not company, the durable each kind of conventional surgery and the treatment has not attained successfully, the use bulk body emaciated by sickness excision, outside the bracket fixing pressurizes the compression to be fixed, simultaneously is doing the epiphysis end with the needle saw which independently develops to dive the good truncation bone, restores excises the body emaciated by sickness the length.

结果： 共用此方法治疗10例病人，全部是属于严重开放性粉碎性骨折，而且都是骨外露，由于骨髓炎、骨不连，经用各种常规手术及治疗未获成功，使用大块病骨切除，外固定架加压压缩固定，同时在干骺端用自行研制的针锯潜行截骨，恢复切除病骨的长度。10例分别切除病骨死骨3.0~14公分，干骺端分别延长3.0~14公分，全部获得成功，骨髓炎治愈。

Resultsforty-eight patients in this report were followed up from 6 to 24 months. based on joa low back pain score, there were 36 patients was in excellent result, 8 in good and 4 in fair, the satisfactory rate was 91.67% and effective rate was 100%.using circular saws in posterior lumbar interbody fusion has advantagas of good visualization profit removing disc tissue, preventing neurovascular injuries, and making good bone grafting bed.

结论应用环锯取骨植骨法，有以下3大优点：(1)手术视野大，椎间盘摘除彻底，既可避免摘除椎间盘时损伤重要组织，又易于构建良好的植骨床，有利于植骨融合；(2)取骨方便、安全、损伤小、出血少，既缩短了手术时间，又避免了取骨处并发症的发生，本术式平均手术用时90 min，出血量00 ml；(3)植骨融合率高，术后效果好。

Quantification of the bone ingrowths of PCHA was increased about eight times than CHA.

CHA的骨生长仅发生在材料与骨界面之间，材料中心始终无骨生长；计算机病理图象分析结果表明：骨内植入16周时，PCHA的新骨生长面积（占骨缺损面积的32.20±1.47％）比CHA（占骨缺损面积的3.91±0.68％）大8倍。

SEM examination showed that the experimental group has regular spongiest structure,complete bone lacuna structure,partial broken os-teone and visible bone canaliculus, while the sham control group has disorderly structure, broken osrteone, little bone lacuna and total invisibility of bone canaliculus.

结果 X线片示A组右侧股骨头骨密度增高，透光区较小，B组骨密度减低，有大小不等透光区；ECT扫描示A组静态放射性分布中等浓聚，而B组静态图像放射性分布呈炸面包圈样改变，欠均匀；组织学检查显示A组骨空陷窝率、血管数、骨髓腔内脂肪细胞直径较B组明显改善(P＜0.01)；扫描电镜检查显示A组松质骨结构较规则，骨陷窝结构完整，部分骨板断裂，骨小管可见。B组结构紊乱不清，骨板断裂，骨陷窝少，骨小管消失。

Do not gum up the work by telling mother what we are going to do .

别告诉母亲我们要干的事，那会把事情搞糟的。

In recent years, application of the partial prestressed concrete beam s is developed.

近年来，随着部分预应力砼梁应用的推广，发现我国规范所采用的名义拉应力法的计算结果不稳定。