还原炉

The preventive measures for the harmful defects of alkali metals are as follows: 1, reducing the alkali metals content in the raw materials; 2, increasing the MgO content of the sinter , decreasing the basicity of slag , decreasing the Si content of the pig iron, increasing relative slag volume; 3 , introducing prereduced ore pellets or partly reducted sinter; 4increasing the ability of coke resisting alkali metals; 5, using refractories that have the ability of resisting corrasion of alkali metals; 6 , cleaning the blast furnace periodically. The above recommendations are necessary for decreasing the circulation and accumulation of alkali metals effectively in blast furnace, reducing the harmful influence of alkali metals on blast furnace, increasing the smelting intensity, decreasing the coke rate, improving the gas permeability.

基于碱金属对高炉冶炼的上述危害，本文结合湘钢高炉的实际生产情况，通过理论分析、计算以及其他钢厂防治碱害的经验，提出防治高炉碱害的措施：1、减少入炉原、燃料的碱金属含量；2、提高烧结矿中的MgO含量、降低炉渣碱度、降低生铁含硅量、适当增加渣量；3、采用预还原的金属化球团或部分还原的烧结矿；4、提高焦炭的抗碱能力；5采用抗碱侵蚀的耐火材料；6、周期性性洗炉，以有效地减少碱金属在高炉内的循环富集，降低碱金属对高炉的危害，提高高炉的冶炼强度，降低焦比，改善高炉透气性。

This paper presents analysis and comparison of direct recovery rate and other technical parameters in crude tin reduction smelting between reverberatory furnace and Ausmelt furnace.

通过对云南锡业股份有限公司冶炼分公司反射炉与澳斯麦特炉粗锡还原熔炼直接回收率等技术指标分析和比较，对两种熔炼技术进行了评价。

Compared with mixture of heavy oil and diesel oil, by using this new type reductant, it is possible to stop generation of black smoke in the reduction period of copper refining by reverberatory furnace, thus shortening reduction time and reducing operating cost.

与重柴油相比，使用煤基-α2β3γ3新型还原剂在铜反射炉精炼还原期间可杜绝黑烟的产生，还原时间缩短，生产成本降低。

A method for eliminating the internal oxide structure in the gas-phase carbon-nitrogen osmosis of gear features that the CCL4 is added to the kensene as carburizer and then is decomposed to generate Cl2 for reducing the oxide, the ammonia gas as nitrizing agen passes through the cylinder of silica gel or granular calcium chloride for adsorbing residual water vapour and then through the cylinder of 5A molecular sieve for adsorbing residual O2, and the resistance wire is wound on igniting pipe at furnace top to prevent the NH4Cl in exhausted gas from being condensed.

本方法采用在气体渗碳剂煤油中，加入6～8％的CCl 4 ，使共渗炉内的CCl 4 分解出新生的Cl 2 ，使已形成的合金元素内氧化物还原；在渗碳剂氨气入共渗炉前，先经过硅胶瓶或桶及粒状氯化钙瓶或桶过滤，吸附掉氨气中的残留水蒸汽，再经过5A分子筛瓶或桶吸附掉氨气中的残留氧；在靠近炉顶位置的点火管周围缠绕带瓷环的电阻丝，靠电阻丝的副带加热，使排气中的NH 4 Cl不冷凝结块等措施实现内氧化组织的消除。

According to different temperature, potential of reducing gas and content of SiO〓 in concentrate iron will be separated out in whiskery, thick and porous structure.

本文通过光栅电子显微镜对水平管状炉和石英管流化床还原试样的显微结构分析，研究了多种铁精矿在还原过程中铁的析出形态及其与粘结行为的关系。

The development of new pattern light carbon brick-high efficiency,high temperature heat insulation material and the applicating effect in electrical furnace line sturcture are introduced.

分析了国内还原性电炉炉衬结构存在的技术问题和破损原因，介绍了轻质炭砖这一新型高效高温隔热材料的研究开发及其在电炉炉衬结构中的应用效果。

I.S.P is the typical complex and continuous production process. Based on the peculiarity of I.S.P: physical chemistry reaction is quite complex, operation condition is comparatively rigid, the charging ration needs to be exactitude. Temperature variety of zones in furnace including: warm-up charging zone, re-oxidation zone, revivification zone, slag smelting zone, The soft point and soft zone are the key factors, which have an effect on the smelting of ISP and it is a comprehensive parameter appraising the quality of sintered aggregate.

基于密闭鼓风炉铅锌冶炼生产过程特点：物理化学反应十分复杂，操作条件比较严格，入炉物料的配比要求也非常精确，是典型的复杂连续生产过程；论文分析了炉内各带的温度变化：料预热带、再氧化带、还原带、炉渣熔化带；分析、总结了影响鼓风炉生产的因素：鼓风制度(富氧熔炼、预热鼓风熔炼)、炉料的性质对熔炼过程的影响(烧结块、焦炭的性质及消耗)、鼓风炉操作的影响因素(鼓风炉系统、鼓风量与风温调节、炉前操作、冷凝分离系统、煤气洗涤系统、电热前床)。

The optimum condition of reduction in graphite vessel in vacuum is explored, and the mechanism of nickel reduction is concluded.

探索出石墨炉真空还原制备粉体的最佳反应条件，同时对Ni的还原机理进行了归纳总结。

So, according to the characteristics of reduction of IO-CP, the idea and theory of self-heating reduction of IOCP and a new reduction process in a co-current shaft furnace are developed.

本文根据铁矿-煤球团还原特性，建立了自热还原理论，并在此理论基础上提出了在并流竖炉中进行自热还原的新工艺。

The process in which iron ore pellets are pre-reduced in a shaft furnace and further reduced in an iron bath reactor is a very competitive smelting reduction process.

以球团矿为原料，采用竖炉预还原和铁浴终还原相结合的二步法流程是一种极具竞争力的熔融还原流程。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。