货物

On the theroy and method of analysing the longitudinal inertia force of railway goods some fresh views are presented.

本文从分析作用于货物的纵向惯性力入手，对铁路货物运输的稳定性问题进行了理论探讨，导出了车载货物的纵向动力学方程及其有关推论，对铁路货运领域在货物纵向惯性力问题上的理论和方法提出了一些新的见解，建议统一查定我国铁路货车在各种运行和调车工况下的加速度值，做为日常确定货物稳定性的科学依据。

"Gross value" means the wholesale price or, if there be no such price, the estimated value, with, in either case, freight, landing charges, and duty paid beforehand; provided that, in the case of goods or merchandise customarily sold in bond, the bonded price is deemed to be the gross value.

"毛值"是指货物的批发价格，如果没有这种价格，则是货物的估计价值，不论哪一种情况，毛值是指已预先付讫运费、卸货费和关税后的价值；但是，如果货物或商品按惯例在关仓出售，那么货物的关仓价格就是货物的毛值。

The partners of KLM Cargo are: MASkargo ,TNT,Air France Cargo ,Northwest Cargo ,Nippon Cargo Airlines ,Kenya Airways Cargo ,China Southern Cargo.

合作伙伴荷航的货物是：货运， TNT炸药，法国航空货物中，西北的货物中，日本货运航空公司，肯尼亚航空公司的货物中，中国南方的货物。

In any situation whatsoever and wheresoever occurring and whether existing or anticipated before commencement of or during the voyage, which in the judgment of the Carrier or the Master is likely to give rise to risk of capture, seizure, detention, damage, delay or disadvantage to or loss of the ship or any part of her cargo, or to make it unsafe, imprudent, or unlawful for any reason to commence or proceed on or continue the voyage or to enter or discharge the goods at the port of discharge, or to give rise to delay or difficulty in arriving, discharging at or leaving the port of discharge or the usual or agreed place of discharge in such port, the Carrier may before loading or before the commencement of the voyage, require the shipper or other person entitled thereto to take delivery of the goods at port of shipment and upon failure to do so, may warehouse the goods at the risk and expense of the goods; or the Carrier or the Master, whether or not proceeding toward or entering or attempting to enter the port of discharge or reaching or attempting to reach the usual place of discharge therein or attempting to discharge the goods there, may discharge the goods into depot, lazaretto, craft, or other place.

不论任何地方任何情况，不论是在开航前或航程中存在或预料到的，只要承运人或船长认为可能有导致捕获、扣押、没收、损害、延误或对船舶或其货物不利或产生灭失，或致使起航或续航或进港或在卸货港卸货不安全、不适当、或非法，或致使延误或难于抵达、卸载或离开卸货港或该港通常或约定的卸货地，承运人可在装货或开航前要求发货人或与货物权利有关的其他人在装货港口提回货物，如要求不果，可仓储货物，风险和费用算在货主头上；承运人或船长，不论是续航至或进入或企图进入卸货港，或抵达或企图抵达港口通常的卸货地，或企图在此卸货，也可将货物卸在仓库、检疫站、驳船，或其他地方。分析：用来表示遵守的词和词组很多，我们大致列举出像follow， observe， abide by， comply with等。在前面这些词和词语中，comply with是最正式的一个表达，因此，也常常在法律英语中使用。从语法上来说，comply with 的主语通常是物，而其他几个单词或词组的主语通常为人。如

The buyer must, subject to the provisions of A3, pay all costs relating to the goods from the time they have been delivered in accordance with A4; and all costs and charges relating to the goods whilst in transit until their arrival at the port of destination, unless such costs and charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and unloading costs including lighterage and wharfage charges, unless such costs and charges were for the seller's account under the contract of carriage; and all additional costs incurred if he fails to give notice in accordance with B7, for the goods from the agreed date or the expiry date of the period fixed for shipment, provided, however, that the goods have been duly appropriated to the contract, that is to say, clearly set aside or otherwise identified as the contract goods; and where applicable 7 , all duties, taxes and other charges as well as die costs of carrying out customs formalities payable upon import of the goods and, where necessary, for their transit through any country less included within the cost of the contract of carriage.

除A3a规定外，买方必须支付自按照A4规定交货时起的一切费用；及货物在运输途中直至到达目的港为止的一切费用，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及包括驳运费和码头费在内的卸货费，除非这些费用根据运输合同应由卖方支付；及如买方未按照B7规定给予卖方通知，则自约定的装运日期或装运期限届满之日起，货物所发生的一切额外费用，但以该项货物已正式划归合同项下，即清楚地划出或以其他方式确定为合同项下之货物为限；及在需要办理海关手续时，货物进口应交纳的一切关税、税款和其他费用，及办理海关手续的费用，以及需要时从他国过境的费用，除非这些费用已包括在运输合同中。

The paper carries out mechanical analysis of the weight distributing of goods in loading container based on analysis of packing and tansporting environment, and draws the formula of the ratio of the weight of loading goods and the maximum loading weight W/W0, and the length distributing ratio of loading goods α=l/L under the condition that the bending quadrature produced by part load is within the range of the maximum bending quadrature. It also gives the graph that the sum deflection of mudsill and underside girder can reach high-point value with the length of bottom distributing varying, when the loading amounts of container of 20ft and 40ft are given. Furthermore, it provides the relation graph of an eccentric rate of loading goods and the allowed loading amount. For on-site safety loading work, it has certain guidance and reference value.

在分析包装件运输环境的基础上，对装载集装箱的货物重量分布进行了力学分析，得出局部负荷产生的弯矩如在最大容许弯矩范围以内时，装载货物重量与最大载货重量之比W/W0，同装载货物的长度分布率α=l/L的关系式；绘出了20 ft和40 ft集装箱在装货量一定时，随着货物底分布长度的变化，底梁和下侧梁之合计挠度达到极限值的曲线图；绘出了装载货物的偏心率与容许装货重量的关系图；对现场安全装载作业有一定的指导作用和参考价值。

Whether expressly arranged beforehand or otherwise, the Carrier shall be at liberty to carry the goods to their port of destination by the said or other vessel or vessels either belonging to the Carrier or others, or by other means of transport, proceeding either directly or indirectly to such port and to carry the goods or part of them beyond their port of destination, and to tranship, land and store the goods either on shore or afloat and reship and forward the same at Carrier's expense but at Merchant's risk.

无论是否事先明确安排或以其它方式，承运人有权通过上述船舶或其他船舶将属于承运人或其他人的货物运送至其目的港，或通过其他运输方法直接或间接行驶至该港口，并将货物或部分货物运输至目的港以外的地方，且转运、卸货并将货物储存在岸边或漂浮，将该货物重新装船、转运，费用由承运人承担，风险由货方承担。

As Railway Freight Tariff reform is a very sensitive issue, therefore, in the final part of this thesis, input-output analysis theory in the national economic management is used to analyze the impacts of price reform in three aspects: the impacts of Railway Freight Tariff price reform on other industries; the impacts of Railway Freight Tariff price reform on railway itself; the impacts of Railway Freight Tariff price reform on the general price level of society.

由于铁路货物运价改革是个很敏感的问题，因此，本论文在最后一部分运用国民经济管理学上的投入产出分析理论对铁路货物运价改革所产生的影响从三个方面进行了研究：铁路货物运价改革对国民经济其他部门的影响；铁路货物运价改革对铁路货运部门自身的影响；铁路货物运价改革对社会物价总水平的影响。

This thesis fist researches in the railway freight transportation price formation mechanism, then summarizes the railway freight transportation factors and decision methods. The next analyzes the status and the basic characteristics of the existing system of Railway Freight Tariff, identifies some problems existing in freight prices. This thesis rises the view of reduce the controls of railway freight transportation prices to a certain extant. In the end of this thesis, a Bi-level planning model is set up to reform and optimize the existing railway freight tariff, then gives a analysis based on the heuristic algorithms.

本论文在研究铁路货物运价形成机制的基础上，对铁路货物运价影响因素和制定方法进行了归纳，分析了铁路货物运价体系的现状和基本特点，找出了现行铁路货物运价存在的一些问题，针对这些问题提出适当放松铁路货物运价管制的观点，建立了改革优化现行铁路货物运价的双层规划模型，并给出了基于灵敏度分析的算法。

Secondly, by analyzing the development speed of freight transportation, the adaptability between the development of freight transportation and the national economic development, the structure of freight transportation, the resources of freight transportation and energy consumption, it comprehensively and systematically scans the development status of Chinese freight transportation, and summarizes the major problems of freight transportation and the non-adaptability of developing way of freight transportation at the present stage.

接着通过分析货物运输发展速度、货物运输发展与国民经济发展的适应性、货物运输结构、货物运输资源、能源消耗状况，全面系统地审视了我国货物运输业发展的当前状态及现行发展方式的不适应性表现，指出了我国货物运输业发展中存在的主要问题及原因。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。