诊断

Then we define the notion of adoptability of the diagnostic system and prove that the consistency-based diagnosis is adoptable.

为找到故障系统的真实诊断，讨论了候选诊断和真实诊断之间的关系，定义了诊断系统的可采纳性并证明基于一致性的诊断是可采纳的。

Secondly, the web-based remote monitoring and diagnosis system is studied, and then the architecture of remote monitoring and diagnosis system is established in integrated environment of Infranet / Intranet / Internet and the integration methods of information in these environment is discussed, at the same time, the model architecture and key techniques of remote collaborative diagnosis are studied/Then a kind of remote monitoring and diagnosis system model based on mobile agent is established, and the system realization methods are discussed on IBM Aglet platform.

本文首先阐述了国内外远程监测诊断系统的研究现状和发展趋势；其次，在分析了目前制造装备远程监测诊断模式存在不足的基础上，并在Infranet／Intranet／Internet集成环境下，提出了基于Web的制造装备远程监测诊断系统的体系结构，探讨了系统的信息集成方式；然后对远程协同诊断技术以及如何将移动Agent用于制造装备远程监测诊断系统进行了研究，并以IBM的Aglet平台为例论述了系统的实现方法。

But,the drawbacks of Shewhart's control chart is that when the control chart shows abnormal,it cannot tell us what and where is the assignable cause,i.e.it cannot diagnose the abnormalityof the process.In 1982,Prof.Gongxu Zhang proposed the diagnosis theory with two kinds ofquality,solved the diagnosis problem of assignable cause,thus opened a new direction ofstatistical diagnosis theory and developed the theory of SPC into a new stage ofSPCD(Statistical Process Control and Diagnosis).The multi-operation and multi-index system exists everywhere,in general,nearly all theproduction lines of factories belong to this system.

但休哈特控制图的缺点是，当控制图显示异常时，它不能告知是何原因、何处发生了异常，即不能诊断。1982年，我国著名质量管理专家张公绪教授提出两种质量诊断理论，解决了对异常因素的诊断问题，开辟了统计诊断理论的新方向，将质量控制推向了一个新的发展阶段——统计过程控制与诊断阶段。

Resulte: In 12 infective lesions, including purulent infection (4 cases) and tuberculosis (8 cases), the correct dignosis was made in 4cases by CR and in 11 cases by CT. In 16 soft tissue tumors, including lipoma (7 cases), fibrosarcoma (4 cases), hemangioma (1 case), neurofibroma (1 case), malignant fibrous histocytoma (1case), aggressive fibromatosis (1 case) and liposarcoma (1 case), the correct diagnosis was made in 3cases by CR and in 14 cases by CT. In 11 bone lesions, including fibrous dysplasia (7 cases), chondroma (2 cases), myeloma and cosinophilic granuloma (1 case), the correct diagnosis was made in 8cases by CR and in 10 cases by CT.

结果：感染组12例中(包括化脓性感染4例，胸壁结核8例)，CR准确诊断4例，CT诊断11例；软组织肿瘤组16例中(包括脂肪瘤7例，纤维肉瘤4例，血管瘤、神经纤维瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、侵袭性纤维瘤病和脂肪肉瘤各l例)，CR准确诊断3例，CT诊断14例；骨肿瘤和肿瘤样病变组11例中(包括骨纤维异常增殖症7例，软骨瘤2例，多发性骨髓瘤和骨嗜酸性肉芽肿各1例)，CR准确诊断8例，CT诊断10例。

User can diagnosis in two kinds mode: Diagnosis based on Diagnosis Tree , commix fuzzy reasoning based on experts knowledge and experience.

其中诊断模块的主要诊断功能由基于诊断树理论的诊断子模块和基于混合模糊推理策略的诊断子模块实现。

Based on the diagnostic strategies adopted by diagnosticians during electronic device diagnosis, the necessity and methodology of integrating the designer's and diagnostician's knowledge in building up a diagnostic expert system are investigated.

本文根据电子设备故障诊断中诊断人员所采用的诊断策略，对应用设计和诊断知识建造诊断专家系统的必要性和方法进行了初步的探讨，并以模拟电路为例讨论了系统实现中的有关问题。

With the development of information technology,the research and application of remote failure diagnosis system are arising in the world.

1概述远程故障诊断的概念是在远程医疗概念的基础上发展起来的一种设备诊断技术，远程设备故障诊断技术是传统的故障诊断技术与网络技术、计算机技术和现代通信技术相结合的一种新型诊断技术，它是在工业现场的设备发生故障征兆或发生故障，现场的维护人员或故障诊断系统对其不能

And an on-line adaptative training algorithm of the weights of neuron is given, which enhances fusion precision of the model, fault tolerance and adaptive ability for subsystems 4 In order to diagnose the soft fault of integrated system, a new fault detection method is proposed based on federated filter, which can detect fault of system in short interval and greatly enhance the method sensitivity to fault A fault diagnosis method of Dynamically Tuned Gyro baesd on parameter estimation of kinetics model of rotor, and signal pretreatment, parameter estimation and strategy of fault identification are studied in detail The method can locate fault of DTG correctly and effectively, which provides a new approach and idea for gyro fault diagonsis 5 In order to diagnose the hard fault of integrated system, fault tree analysis is studied on fault disgnosis of integrated system circuits, and the hardware and software of disgnosis system are developed, with faults located to main module and circuit For futhur diagnosis, an optimal measurement technology in detection of circuits is discussed by improving an algorithm based on information theory, and a pratical method based on half-split method is proposed.

针对组合系统的软故障诊断问题，提出了基于联合滤波模型的一种新的故障检测算法，给出了算法的理论推导过程，该算法能在较短的时间内检测出系统故障，提高了算法对故障的敏感度；研究了基于动调陀螺转子动力学模型参数辨识的故障诊断方法，就其中的信号预处理、参数辨识及故障决策方法等关键技术进行了详细的研究，该方法可以正确、有效地检测与定位动调陀螺故障，为陀螺故障诊断提供了新的途径和思路。 5。针对组合系统的硬故障诊断问题，研究了基于系统浅知识推理的故障树法在组合系统电路子系统故障诊断中的应用，开发了相关诊断系统的软硬件，故障可定位到系统的主要功能模块和电路板级。为了进一步的故障定位，研究了电路板故障的最优检测问题，完善了基于信息理论的优化算法，并提出了基于&对分法&的一种实用的优化算法，故障可定位到电路板的主要功能元件级。在组建的SINS/GPS组合系统实验平台上，针对上述研究内容，进行了大量的实验研究。

Diagnosist The objectives of this course are focused on introduction and training of diagnostic techniques of plant disease, which include symptomatic diagnosis, anatomic diagnosis, isolative and identification of pathogens, biochemical and physiological method, biological method, immunological diagnosis and nucleic

本实习课程内容主要有植物病害诊断技术之介绍及训练，包括病徵诊断，解剖诊断，病原分离培养接种极鉴定，生理生化诊断，生物诊断，免疫诊断与核酸诊断技术。

At last, the combination of chlorophyll meter and the remote sensing, the use of chlorophyll fluorescence technique in the nutrition diagnosis of plant nitrogen, and the assessment of the forest ecosystem health and the evaluation of ecosystem services by the nutrition diagnosis of plant nitrogen, were discussed.

根据植物氮素营养诊断的发展脉络，总结了化学诊断和无损测试技术的主要内容，重点阐述了植株硝酸盐快速诊断、叶绿素仪和遥感技术在作物氮素营养诊断及氮肥推荐中的应用原理、优缺点以及发展现状，提出可将叶绿素仪和遥感技术结合使用、利用叶绿素荧光技术诊断植物氮素营养以及将植物氮素营养诊断技术应用于森林生态系统健康和生态系统服务功能的评估。

On closer examination, though, this is not a vote for multilateralism but just the opposite.

仔细审视后我们发现，这并非是对多边主义投出的赞成票，而是恰好相反。

Uncovering their weak spots, so I can defeat them.

揭露出他们的弱点，这样我就可以打败他们了。