言语

Purpose Diadochokinetic rate plays an important role in articulation and phonological process, especially for the judgment of tongue mobility and stability.

目的口腔轮替运动速率(diadochokineticrate，DR)是衡量言语产生过程中舌部运动灵活程度以及言语清晰度的一个重要指标。

Objective Diadochokinetic rate plays an important role in articulation and phonological process, especially for the judgment of tongue mobility and stability.

目的口腔轮替运动速率(diadochokinetic rate，DR)是衡量言语产生过程中舌部运动灵活程度以及言语清晰度的一个重要指标。

This paper includes two major parts:(1) to review general pathology of multiple sclerosis, it's symptoms, and their common dysarthric characteristics and speech management;(2) to present a female MS patient-CB.

本文的目的有二：一、探讨多发性硬化症及其呐吃问题相关文献，俾有助於听语专业能对此退化性疾病有进一步的认识；二、呈现一位多发性硬化症个案─CB的临床疾病表现、言语特徵、及言语治疗评估与介入的方法及结果等。

The case study found: the boy's play therapy went through 3 phrases, including "knowing the therapeutic conditions well","establishing of therapeutic relationship","developing play therapy evolutionally"; the clues from which to judge relationship included "verbal and nonverbal interaction between therapist and the boy","the boy's dealing with his parents ","his 'first' behavior", the aim of establishing was to form "mother-child unity"; the relationship between therapist and the boy's parents passed through "admitting the facts","opening their feelings" and "detailed guidance"; the development of the boy's play consisted in the larger degree of digging and moving sand(showing that the therapy went deep into the boy's mind and his sense of strength was improving), the increasing of imaginative plays(showing that the boy began to pay attention to others and knew how to play), from playing by himself to cooperating with therapist(showing that he felt the happiness in cooperating and interacting with others and was gaining self-confidence which was favorable to be transferred to his lives and be used to communicating with others), sand and water were very important therapeutic factors for the boy(sand could mobilize his sense of feeling and touching , awakening his energy and regulating it. water could provide relaxed feeling, sense of being contained and satisfied and enlighten his imagination).

研究发现，个案的游戏治疗经历了三个阶段，即&熟悉治疗环境阶段&、&治疗关系建立阶段&和&游戏治疗深入发展阶段&；考察治疗关系建立的指标包括&个案与治疗者之间的言语和非言语互动&、&个案与父母的关系处理&和&个案的'第一次'行为&，建立的目标是&母子一体性&的形成；治疗者与个案父母关系的建立经过了&接纳事实&、&开放情感&和&具体指导&三个阶段；个案在治疗中游戏的发展表现为：动沙的力度增大，说明治疗深入了个案内心，其自我能量感在增强，游戏中的想象性成分不断增多，说明其对周围事物和他人关注了，开始&会&游戏，从单独游戏逐渐向简单合作游戏发展，说明其体验到了合作和互动的快乐，并从中渐渐获得自信，有助于个案将这种体验和自信迁移到日常生活中，尝试与他人互动；沙和水是个案游戏治疗中的重要治疗因素，沙可以调动自闭症幼儿的感触觉，唤醒其潜在能量，调整能量分配，水给自闭症儿童一种轻松感、包容感和满足感，并引发其想象。

The case study found: the boy"s play therapy went through 3 phrases, including "knowing the therapeutic conditions well","establishing of therapeutic relationship","developing play therapy evolutionally"; the clues from which to judge relationship included "verbal and nonverbal interaction between therapist and the boy","the boy"s dealing with his parents ","his "first" behavior", the aim of establishing was to form "mother-child unity"; the relationship between therapist and the boy"s parents passed through "admitting the facts","opening their feelings" and "detailed guidance"; the development of the boy"s play consisted in the larger degree of digging and moving sand(showing that the therapy went deep into the boys mind and his sense of strength was improving), the increasing of imaginative plays(showing that the boy began to pay attention to others and knew how to play), from playing by himself to cooperating with therapist(showing that he felt the happiness in cooperating and interacting with others and was gaining self-confidence which was favorable to be transferred to his lives and be used to communicating with others), sand and water were very important therapeutic factors for the boy(sand could mobilize his sense of feeling and touching , awakening his energy and regulating it. water could provide relaxed feeling, sense of being contained and satisfied andenlighten his imagination).

研究发现，个案的游戏治疗经历了三个阶段，即&熟悉治疗环境阶段&、&治疗关系建立阶段&和&游戏治疗深入发展阶段&；考察治疗关系建立的指标包括&个案与治疗者之间的言语和非言语互动&、&个案与父母的关系处理&和&个案的'第一次'行为&，建立的目标是&母子一体性&的形成；治疗者与个案父母关系的建立经过了&接纳事实&、&开放情感&和&具体指导&三个阶段；个案在治疗中游戏的发展表现为：动沙的力度增大，说明治疗深入了个案内心，其自我能量感在增强，游戏中的想象性成分不断增多，说明其对周围事物和他人关注了，开始&会&游戏，从单独游戏逐渐向简单合作游戏发展，说明其体验到了合作和互动的快乐，并从中渐渐获得自信，有助于个案将这种体验和自信迁移到日常生活中，尝试与他人互动；沙和水是个案游戏治疗中的重要治疗因素，沙可以调动自闭症幼儿的感触觉，唤醒其潜在能量，调整能量分配，水给自闭症儿童一种轻松感、包容感和满足感，并引发其想象。

According to the str ategies of Gutt's direct translation and indirect translation,the concrete metho ds of translating humorous utterances are put forward.

根据格特的直接翻译与间接翻译的策略，笔者提出了幽默言语翻译的具体方法。关键词：关联理论；幽默言语；理据；直接翻译；间接翻译

Polysemy performs certain pragmatic function in language communication , such as enriching Chinese vocabulary , expressing figureative and affective effect in a particular and specific context of situation , describing the features of objective things as well as pun and humous style .

汉语里存在着大量的多义词，在具体的言语交际中，多义词对丰富汉语词汇，在一定语境中表达形象色彩和感情色彩，描绘事物特征以及构成一语双关，形成含蓄言语风格等都有一定的语用功能。

He points out that translation is an act of ostensive-inferential interlingual interpret ation and of verbal communication.

格特率先把语言学的关联理论应用于翻译研究，提出了关联的翻译观，指出翻译是一种言语明示-推理的阐释活动，也是一种言语交际行为。

The major difference between equivalence of interlinguistic signs and speech translation is whether there exists a specific linguistic context or context of situation.

语言符号对译与言语翻译的主要差异在于有无具体语境；而同属言语翻译的双语词典例证翻译和语篇翻译之间的差异主要是：(1)具体语境的大小；(2)体现语用和形象的表现力不同。

Based upon the results of the contrastive study in the paper , the author of the paper has drawn the following conclusions: verbal communication is intralingual, with a single ostensive-inferential process

运用关联理论解释言语交际和翻译，本文得出如下结论：言语交际是语内交际行为，是只包含一个明示-推理过程的交际模式

He and Nina moved to California and lived at 2005 Ivar Street, Apt.

他和Nina搬到加州，并在2005年伊瓦尔街，公寓生活。

Droperidol （ potently inhibits transfected HERGchannels and this is the probable mechanism for QT prolongation.

氟哌利多有效地抑制了转染的 HERG 钾通道，可能是 QT 间期延长的机制。