自由意志

Idea of freedom 自由的概念 In the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant distinguishes between the transcendental idea of freedom, which as a psychological concept is "mainly empirical" and refers to "the question whether we must admit a power of spontaneously beginning a series of successive things or states" as a real ground of necessity in regard to causality, and the practical concept of freedom as the independence of our will from the "coercion" or necessitation through sensuous impulses.

在《纯粹理性批判》中，康德区分了先验自由的概念与实践自由的概念，先验自由概念作为一个心理学概念"主要是经验的"，它指向"我们是否必须承认自然始发的一系列先后相继的事物状态"是必然性的真正基础的问题；实践自由的概念则是作为我们的意志独立于"强迫"或"通过感官冲动的强制"的概念。

Like occasionalism, it presupposes theism, and, unlike occasionalism, it entails either that free will does not exist or that free will is compatible with determinism. The theory called epiphenomenalism simply denies that the metal can affect the physical, and contents itself with an explanation of why the mental appears to affect the physical.

前定和谐论类似偶然论预设了有神论，不类似偶然论，它导出"或者自由意志是不存在的，或者自由意志和决定论相容"）被称为"副现象论"的理论简单拒绝了精神对物理的作用，满足于去解释为什么"精神会表现出对物理的作用"。

This is a planet of free choice, and you have your own free will.

这是一个自由意志的星球，你有自己的自由意志。

Kant assumes the existence of free will, but he fails to put such an abstract "postulation" of the subject's freedom into effect in man.

康德在设定"自由意志"之存在的同时，却无力使人们将这种抽象的主体的自由的"规定"真正在人身付诸实现，关键在于他还没有将这种道德意志真正内在化，与生命自身的良知性的动力统一起来。

Rule of free will : A conscious being is a free being, has a right to make free resolution s and no one can control it or restrict his or her freedom.

自由意志法则：一个有意识的生命是一个自由的生命，有权利作自由的决议，而且没有人能控制它或者限制他或她的自由。

Like occasionalism, it presupposes theism, and, unlike occasionalism, it entails either that free will does not exist or that free will is compatible with determinism. The theory called epiphenomenalism simply denies that the metal can affect the physical, and contents itself with an explanation of why the mental appears to affect the physical.

前定和谐论类似偶然论预设了有神论，不类似偶然论，它导出&或者自由意志是不存在的，或者自由意志和决定论相容&）被称为&副现象论&的理论简单拒绝了精神对物理的作用，满足于去解释为什么&精神会表现出对物理的作用&。

According to this theme, the article, guided with "person—ethic –humanity—moral education", firstly points out that the humanistic nature of moral education starts at the person with free will, passing on to the individuals the world of meanings which embodies the human nature of liberty, and humanizing individuals and liberating them by glozing and upgrading the instincts of the individual.

围绕这一主题，本文首先以人——伦理——人文——道德教育为线索，指出道德教育的人文本性是以具有自由意志的人为出发点，将体现人类自由本性的意义世界即伦理传递给个体，通过对个体自然本能的文饰和提升，实现个体的类化，使之成为真正自由的人。

Here Sergius speaks of the natural will of the flesh, and of the Divine will, but makes no mention of the higher free will, which indeed is wholly subject to the Divine will.

谈到这里塞尔吉乌斯的自然意志的肉体，和神将，但没有提到更高的自由意志，这确实是完全符合的神圣意志。

Tolnay believes that while Bruegel was living in Antwerp he was in contact with a group of geographers, writers, and artists called "the Libertines"--not rakes, but " liberal spirits , tolerant on questions of faith, enemies of confessional fanaticism, with a Stoic ideal of life, founded on the great belief in the moral dignity of the free man."

Tolnay认为，勃氏居安特卫普期间曾与一群地理学家、作家和艺术家过从甚密。他们&有着自由奔放的思想，宽容对待信仰问题，与忏悔狂热分子为敌，是斯多葛式唯心主义者，崇尚自由意志下的道德尊严&。但他们不是登徒浪子，而是&自由思想者&。

In the work of Boethius an dht scholastic philosophers, as in Dante and Chaucer, musical harmony is the first principle of cosmic balance, and the melody of individuals—the expression of individual free will—is the standard figure for the play of free will within the overall design of Providence.

就像在但丁和乔叟的著作里一样，在贝多芬和经院哲学家的作品里，音乐性的和谐是宇宙间平衡的第一准则，个人的旋律，也就是自由意志的表达，是奏响存在于天道范畴内的自由意志的标准音型。

Do not gum up the work by telling mother what we are going to do .

别告诉母亲我们要干的事，那会把事情搞糟的。

In recent years, application of the partial prestressed concrete beam s is developed.

近年来，随着部分预应力砼梁应用的推广，发现我国规范所采用的名义拉应力法的计算结果不稳定。