自治

Chapter four studies the chaotic responses in a system consisting of simple pendulum and harmonic oscillator under bounded noise excitation. Firstly, the Melnikov function of the two-degree-of-freedom system under Hamiltonian perturbation is derived. The essential condition of the autonomous system for the probable onset of chaos is obtained, the Poincare maps of the system under small Hamiltonian perturbation and the effect of increasing perturbation on the Poincare maps are studies. Then for the non-autonomous system under damping and harmonic or bounded noise excitation, the largest Lyapunov exponent and Poincare maps are calculated. From the analysis of the largest Lyapunov exponent, the critical criterion for the onset of chaos, and the conclusion that the threshold of bounded noise amplitude for the onset of chaos in the system increases as the intensity parameter of Wiener process increases are obtained. The result from the analysis of Poincare maps is in agreement with that obtained from the Largest Lyapunov exponent. The effect of varying damping coefficient and intensity parameter of Wiener process is also analyzed.

第四章研究了有界噪声激励下的两自由度单摆—谐振子系统的混沌运动，首先推导了该两自由度系统仅在Hamilton扰动下的Melnikov函数，得到该自治系统可能产生混沌的必要条件；研究了该系统在小的Hamilton扰动和增大摄动情形下的Poincare截面；然后对有阻尼、谐和或有界噪声激励下的非自治系统数值计算了其最大Lyapunov指数和Poincare截面；从Lyapunov指数分析得到了这个两自由度系统产生混沌运动的临界条件及产生混沌的临界激励幅值随Wiener过程强度参数值的增大而增大的结论，Poincare截面分析的结果亦符合Lyapunov指数分析的结论；研究了Wiener过程强度参数、阻尼系数变化对Poincare截面的影响。

The new county system sport of 1940s was a large-scale and grass-roots political power developments that pushed . the result of Guangdong skeleton regime construction was the establishment of town village - two grass-roots regimes, but because of lacking of persons in wartime and outlay , skeleton regime construction did not realize the expecting programming and design ;the popular will organ couldn"t have an impact on the town and village administrative body, the county government became the only conductor."the region autonomy had not appeared. The town and village regime is still a regime under the control of landlord or country gentlement social class.

20世纪40年代的新县制运动是国民党在"地方自治"的旗号下推行的一次大规模的基层政权建设运动，新县制下广东基层政权建设的结果是在县以下乡村社会设立了乡、保两级行政机构；但由于战时广东人才缺乏、经费紧张，规划设计的民意机关只在形式上的建立起来，乡、保民意机关对乡、保行政机构没有能够发挥应有的指挥、监督作用，县政府成为体制内乡、保各级政权唯一的领导者与监督者，"地方自治"未能实现，乡、保基层政权依然是乡村乡绅地主阶级的政权。

This necessity had not been overlooked, but had been provided for, as well as might be, in the notable argument of "squatter sovereignty," otherwise called "sacred right of self-government," which latter phrase, though expressive of the only rightful basis of any government, was so perverted in this attempted use of it as to amount to just this: that if any one man choose to enslave another, no third man shall be allowed to object.

这种必要性并没有被忽略：它或多或少地在著名的"人民主权论"的论点──也称为"自治的神圣权利"──中得以反映。"自治的神圣权利"的论点，虽然表明了任何政府的唯一合法基础，但却被曲解到如此地步而仅用来证明如果有人想奴役他人，不容许第三者站出来反对。

A simple form of the unstable manifold s for the fixed points not being on the boundary;2. Aim To study singular points, closed orbits, stable manifolds and unstable manifold s of a second order autonomous Birkhoff system.

目的研究二阶Birkhoff自治系统的奇点、闭轨、稳定流形与不稳定流形，方法用常1微分方程的定性方法进行研究，结果与结论给出二阶Birkhoff自治系统的奇点判据、闭轨判据、双曲平衡点判据，得到与其相关的平衡稳定性、稳定流形与不稳定流形等。

And law of contracts needs further improvement on how to balance the social benefits and private self-government and accordingly reflects the self-government of party, reduce government's interference and temporize the social development.

但是在如何平衡社会利益和私法自治两者关系上，我国合同法还须进一步加以完善，从而更好地体现当事人意思自治的原则，减少国家干预，顺应社会发展的趋势。

Where 8 of Article 19 of these Procedures are violated, the violator shall be instructed to correct it in the time limit by the grain competent administrative department and the financial competent administrative department of the Autonomous Region People's Government according to their respective duties and the enterprise shall untread the loan and loan interest and the store and subsidy cost of the autonomous region level reserve cereal and shall be imposed a fine from 10000Yuan up to 30000Yuan; the executive person in charge and other persons directly responsible shall be given disciplinary measures; where the act constitutes a loss, the enterprise shall be ordered to stand the loss; where the act constitutes a crime, the criminal liability shall be prosecuted with laws.

第四十五条承储企业违反本办法第十九条第项规定的，由自治区人民政府粮食行政主管部门、财政行政主管部门按照各自职责责令其限期改正，退回骗取的自治区级储备粮贷款和贷款利息、储存及轮换费用等财政补贴，并处以1万元以上3万元以下的罚款；对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员给予纪律处分；造成自治区级储备粮损失的，责令赔偿损失；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

In the constitutional construction process of late Qing dynansty,commmon people begun to participate in political practise lives though ZiYiJu and local conference,civil rights was safeguarded by law through real political practises,which became the first step in Chinese democratical policy construction.

目前通行的划分是：最低层次是文化自主；第二层次是法律的自主和权利；而第三层次则是内部政治自主或本土管辖，由共同体代表们来控制本共同体的经济、社会与政治事务，即由当地居民选举自治人员，组成自治组织，制定法规，按照一定的法律程序，管理本地的内部事物。

After analysing the relationship between the university's independable right of runing university and the university autonomy and their respective anvadvantages and disadvantages , the author points out even though they have the essential difference , at the same time they also share more concordance and it must be the tendency that the university's independable right of runing university will develop into the university autonomy.

随后，论文又针对我国当前的高等教育立法现状分析了高校办学自主权与大学自治的关系及其利弊，并指出：高校办学自主权与大学自治有着本质的区别，但相同的地方更多，前者终究要演变发展成后者，但现阶段还是办学自主权的提法比较好。

In order to investigate the above-mentioned problem, this text according to wen zhou the on-site inspection of the region part country, the angle of view of the method of using sociology, commences from 2 concrete cases example, describing form and reasons of your conflict, and superficial put forward the path that both moderate is to strengthen the cultural approbation feeling, perfect and decided autonomy system.the author further thinks, the autonomy system that have the modern reasonableness characteristic wants to develop healthily in the country, must be radicate in the village to practice, drawing to take the native factor in with the country culture each other whet match, struggle, then can develop have the mud breathing of the village" citizenry society" and" harmonious society".

为探究上述问题，本文根据温州地区部分乡村的实地调查，用法社会学的视角，从2个具体案例入手，叙述两者冲突的形式和原因，并粗浅提出两者协调的途径是加强文化认同感，完善既定自治制度。作者进一步认为，具有现代理性特征的自治制度要在乡村健康发展，必须扎根于农村实践，在与乡村文化互相磨合、斗争中汲取本土因素，才能培养出具有泥土气息的农村&市民社会&和&和谐社会&。

Take this as the chance, the path that put forward your moderate is to strengthen the cultural approbation feeling, the perfect and decided autonomy system and related household register, the farmer lands hold the power etc. the kit system, create an argument of sex to have the modern reasonableness characteristic of autonomy system want the development in country economy, health, must be radicate in the country to practice, draw to take the agrestic factor in with mutual compromise of agrestic culture, whet match, struggle, then can develop have the mud breathing of the country" citizenry society" and" harmonious society".

以此为契机，提出两者协调的途径是加强文化认同感，完善既定自治制度和相关户籍、农民土地持有权等配套制度，创造性地论证具有现代理性特质的自治制度要在乡村经济、健康的发展，必须扎根于乡村实践，在与乡土文化互相妥协、磨合、斗争中汲取乡土因素，才能培养出具有泥土气息的乡村&市民社会&和&和谐社会&。

On closer examination, though, this is not a vote for multilateralism but just the opposite.

仔细审视后我们发现，这并非是对多边主义投出的赞成票，而是恰好相反。

Uncovering their weak spots, so I can defeat them.

揭露出他们的弱点，这样我就可以打败他们了。