结晶化

The area ratios of 980/1022, 980/1047,(980+1047)/1022 and 980/(1022+1047) cm^(-1) were decreased as the degree of acetification increased which indicated that acetification induced a decrease of crystallinity of starch. And the crystal structure changed from A-type to V-type. For the cross-linking of POCl3, the area ratios of 980/1022, 980/1047,(980+1047)/1022 and 980/(1022+1047) cm^(-1) were also decreased as the degree of cross-linking but the decrease was little compared to that of acetification. The result indicated that cross-linking of POCl3 had little effect on the starch crystal structure.

随着醋酸酯化取代度的增大，980/1022、980/1047、(980+1047)/1022和980/(1022+1047)的相对峰面积的比值均呈现下降趋势，表明醋酸酯化改性会导致淀粉结晶程度降低，结晶形态从A型转变为V型；随着交联度的增大，980/1022、980/1047、(980+1047)/1022和980/(1022+1047)的相对峰面积比值均呈现下降趋势，但下降程度较小，表明三氯氧磷交联对淀粉结晶结构影响不明显。

The process of preparing sterilizing granule capable of generating chorine dioxide in one package includes the following steps: preparing activating agent; mixing inorganic salt and nickel acetate, re-crystallization, sieving and deactivation; sieving and deactivating solid acid; mixing with inorganic salt; mixing sodium chlorite and cobaltous chloride, re-crystallization, sieving and deactivation; and mixing the activating agent with sodium chlorite.

一种可发生二氧化氯的一元包装消毒颗粒制备方法，其特征是制备活化剂：将无机盐加入醋酸镍，经过重结晶后，筛分、钝化处理；将固体酸进行筛分、钝化处理；然后与无机盐进行混合；在亚氯酸钠中加入氯化亚钴后，经过重结晶、筛分、钝化处理；将上述活化剂和亚氯酸钠均匀混合即成。

The crystallization experiments have been carried out in a batch crystallizer with two systems: NaHCO_3-H_2O and NH_3-CO_2-NaCl-H_2O.

本文在比较结晶动力学的研究方法之后，采用分批结晶器进行碳化过程的结晶实验。

The main products are: calcium sulfate / calcium nitrate / calcium carbonate / copper sulfate / chloride, copper / zinc sulfate / nitric acid zinc / zinc chloride / potassium sulfate / potassium chloride / potassium bromide / potassium aluminum sulfate / potassium dihydrogen phosphate / 2 of potassium hydrogen phosphate / sodium bromide / sodium chloride / sodium nitrate / sodium fluoride / trisodium phosphate / sodium dihydrogen phosphate / disodium hydrogen phosphate / crystallization of sodium carbonate / anhydrous sodium carbonate / aluminum sulfate / nitrate aluminum / crystallization of aluminum chloride / aluminum hydroxide / nitrate Fe / hydrobromide / oxalic acid / boric acid / citric acid / barium chloride / Azone / magnesium sulfate / magnesium nitrate / magnesium chloride / ammonium chloride / ammonium sulfate / Bifluoride ammonium / ammonium aluminum sulfate / ferrous ammonium sulfate / ammonium dihydrogen phosphate / diammonium hydrogen phosphate / bromide / tetrabutylammonium bromide / chloride, nickel / nickel nitrate / sulfate nickel / cadmium chloride / cadmium sulfate / nitrate Cadmium / Cadmium Carbonate / Strontium / strontium nitrate / sulfuric acid manganese / manganese chloride / 50% manganese nitrate solution / stannous chloride / zinc chloride, such as crystallization of the four largest packing of chemical reagents AR and CP level.

主要产品有：硫酸钙/硝酸钙/碳酸钙/硫酸铜/氯化铜/硫酸锌/硝酸锌/氯化锌/硫酸钾/氯化钾/溴化钾/硫酸铝钾/磷酸二氢钾/磷酸氢二钾/溴化钠/氯化钠/硝酸钠/氟化钠/磷酸三钠/磷酸二氢钠/磷酸氢二钠/结晶碳酸钠/无水碳酸钠/硫酸铝/硝酸铝/结晶三氯化铝/氢氧化铝/硝酸铁/氢溴酸/草酸/硼酸/柠檬酸/氯化钡/氮酮/硫酸镁/硝酸镁/氯化镁/氯化铵/硫酸铵/氟化氢铵/硫酸铝铵/硫酸亚铁铵/磷酸二氢铵/磷酸氢二铵/溴化铵/四丁基溴化铵/氯化镍/硝酸镍/硫酸镍/氯化镉/硫酸镉/硝酸镉/碳酸镉/碳酸锶/硝酸锶/硫酸锰/氯化锰/50%硝酸锰溶液/氯化亚锡/结晶四氯化锌等大包装化学试剂的AR和CP级别。

The changes of freezing point and super-cooling point of a series of PM vitrification solutions was investigated in the process of slow freezing at a ratio of 5℃/min. This experiment showed that the vitrification solution over 41% had not freezing point, while the vitrification solution under 40% had freezing point and could ice.

对PM系列玻璃化液在5℃/min慢速降温过程中冰点、过冷点的产生和变化进行研究，发现浓度在41%以上的玻璃化液降温时不产生冰点结晶，而40%以下玻璃化液在慢速降温时在冰点出现了结晶。

Bamboo first crystallizes then lignifies during bamboo shoot growth and basically forms crystal structure in one month. 1-year-old bamboo culm ends growth and its height,thickness, volume almost change little, but culm tissue is small and tender and there is more water and less substance in it. Bamboo crystal proportion keeps invariable during this period.2-year-old bamboo culm begin to lignify,its cellulose proportion debases and its crystal proportion decreases. Bamboo lignin debases, crystal proportion changes a little in the end of this period.Many-old-year bamboo culm crystal proportion is almost invariable. Freaky bamboo cell wall crystal region's thickness is less than normal bamboo's. Bamboo cross section crystal area and the ratio of long axis to short axis are less than normal bamboo's,and roundness,irregular index, the fiber cap density per unit area increase more than normal bamboo's.

竹笋生长阶段是先结晶后木素化的过程，一个月内细胞壁结晶组织基本形成；2）一年生竹材的植株秆茎生长结束，秆茎的高度、粗度和体积变化不大，但秆茎的组织幼嫩，含水量高，干物质少，竹材结晶度基本不变；3）二年生竹材的植株开始木质化，纤维素比例降低，结晶度减少，到后期竹子木质化降低，竹材结晶度变化不大；4）多年生竹材的结晶度没有太大的变化，结晶度大小处于波动状态；5）畸形竹材纤维帽细胞壁结晶区的厚度比正常竹小，其横截面结晶区的面积、纤维帽长轴与短轴比有所减少，而圆形度、异型指数有所加大，单位面积纤维帽的密度增大。

The optimum conditions were obtained as follows: the weight ratio of fatty acids and 85%acetic acid is 1:4, ozonolysis temperature is 20-25℃, manganese/copper acetate as catalyst, and the amount of catalyst is 0.15% of fatty acids, oxidation decomposition temperature and oxidation decomposition time are 90-95℃ and 4 hours respectively. the yields of azelaic acid and pelargonic acid are 57.4% and 51.6% respectively.

以菜油酸为原料、85%醋酸水溶液为溶剂，经臭氧化、氧化分解、重结晶等过程制备壬二酸和十三烷二酸的最佳反应条件为：m：m(85%醋酸)=1：4，臭氧化温度20-25℃；氧化分解温度80-85℃，催化剂醋酸锰/醋酸铜用量为原料菜油酸质量的0.12%，氧化分解时间3h，重结晶溶剂壬酸的用量为5倍质量的氧化分解产物时，十三烷二酸的收率为58.3%，壬二酸的收率为57.2%。

The selected process consists of several steps as follows. Firstly, ammonifying the oily mixture of PXA pyrolysis by ammonia or aqueous ammonia, then adding the organic solvent to extra

实验结果表明，合适的分离提纯工艺为：先将裂解产物用氨水氨化、有机溶剂萃取，然后用硫酸酸化11-CUA铵盐水溶液、再将粗品11-CUA于合适介质中结晶，得到高纯度11-CUA晶体；优化工艺条件为：氨化pH值8.0～10.0、温度25-35℃，甲苯为萃取剂，酸化pH值1.5～2.0、温度55-60℃，环己烷为结晶介质，粗品11-CUA在环己烷中溶解温度50～55℃、与环己烷初始质量比4：100、结晶前沉降分层时间10min、结晶温度20℃。

How to put these characteristics into the practical application to conduct the design of the mould and the plasticizing system of the injection molding m.

介绍结晶性塑料在注塑过程中的塑化特点、取向与结晶的关系及其对制品性能的影响，注塑参数对结晶性塑料塑化、取向、结晶的影响。

We discussed possible origins of the additional scatterings, which might be attributed to the trapped charges, fixed charges, soft phonons, and crystallization in the HfO2 films and HfO2/poly-Si channel interface.

我们讨论了其他发生散射的原因，其中可能是存在於二氧化铪薄膜中和二氧化铪薄膜与多晶矽通道介面间的缺陷电荷、固定电荷、微弱声子、和薄膜结晶化所造成的。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。