破坏载荷

It was revealed that the average infrared radiation temperature of damp rock increases with loading and keeps its change in step with the stress, and that the fluctuation of AIRI is much less, The AIRT increment of damp rock is higher than that of dry rock under unit load before destabilization and the fact shows that water will intensify the infrared radiation from loaded rock, but no obvious change was found on thermal image during the instantaneous fracture of damp rock.

结果表明：潮湿岩石加载过程中平均红外辐射温度随载荷增加呈上升趋势AIRT与应力的变化步调一致，曲线波动较小；岩石失稳前单位载荷下潮湿岩石的升温幅度高于干燥岩石，水对岩石受力时的红外辐射具有明显推动作用，但破坏瞬间热像特征变化不很明显。

The soil cutting experiment indicates that the interior friction angle and the shear intensity of soil is reduced;and the maximum principal stress is decreased due to the vibration load;it induces the decrease of digging resistance.

从理论上研究了振动掘削岩土的减阻机理，土壤剪切试验结果表明，振动载荷能够使土壤的内摩擦角变小、抗剪强度下降、最大主应力值减小，从而导致挖掘阻力降低；对土壤在静态载荷和振动载荷作用下的失效过程进行了对比仿真实验研究，可知土壤在振动加载的条件下强度显著下降，并提前于相同条件的静态加载而破坏，同时跟踪X方向的载荷发现，振动掘削最大掘削阻力可降低50%。

Experiment scheme has been designed for the test of composite material character gating and acquire the four critical values of strain invariants in strain invariant failure theory which are the basic data for finite analysis.

在有限元建模过程中，采用了非层合单元SOLID45，保证了铺层取向；在加载策略上，以单元的失效来控制载荷变化的加载方式，实现了通过载荷增量的动态变化来控制每一载荷步下失效的单元数量，形成较好的裂纹扩展路线，避免了在线性加载条件下构件的连锁破坏。

The result shows that, under the condition of the same thickness of material, increasing the number of layers properly can weaken the press, the cutting damage and the destruction due to extension, and lower the impact energy on the construction effectively. In particular, multi-layered protection construction is rather striking in its advantage of destruction-resistance under high stress and low impulse load.

结果表明，分层总厚度相等的条件下，适当增加分层数目可以有效减小冲击载荷对结构的压、剪损伤和拉伸破坏，降低结构所受的冲击能量，尤其对于高强度、持续时间短的脉冲载荷，多分层防护结构的抗毁伤能力优势更为明显。

The deformation and failure mechanism of voussoir beam were analyzed with physical modeling.

用模型试验方法研究不同初始纵向载荷、跨厚比条件下铰接拱变形和破坏全过程，得到铰接拱全程纵向载荷、横向载荷、力臂系数与挠度关系曲线。

In order to investigate buckling mode, buckling load and failure mode of structure, shear experiments were conducted for stiffened thin-walled composite plate. Finite element method was also used to analyze the buckling behavior of that composite structure. Analysis results reveal buckling mode and buckling loading of finite element analysis are accordable with experimental results.

通过对复合材料薄壁加筋板结构进行剪切载荷下的屈曲试验研究，得到结构的屈曲模态、屈曲失稳载荷以及破坏形式，并通过有限元方法对结构的屈曲进行数值分析，分析得到的复合材料薄壁加筋板结构的屈曲模态和试验结果一致，屈曲载荷与试验结果吻合较好。

The result s indicate that there are synergy effect s between pile and foam under flatwise compressive st rength and fabric piles f ractured under flatwise compression. The flatwise compressive and shear st rength decrease with increasing of the pile height . The flatwise compressive st rength increases as exponent with increasing of the foam density.

结果表明，三维间隔连体织物泡沫夹层结构复合材料承受平压载荷时，芯柱和泡沫存在协同效应；平压载荷作用下主要发生芯柱断裂破坏；随着芯柱高度增加，平压、剪切强度均减小；随着泡沫密度增加，平压强度近似呈指数增长。

Secondly, the paper carries on the destruction processes and the stress distribution situation numerical simulation of the concrete three point bending specimen with bias crack under static load function,, and analyze specimen crack expansion and the destruction mechanism, obtain the reason that the crack expanding flectional way is because the material nonuniformity, in the same time, from the specimen destruction process chart we can see that the crack bias degree has some influence on the crack expansion way.

其次论文对含偏置裂纹的混凝土三点弯曲试件在静态载荷作用下的破坏过程和应力分布情况进行了数值模拟，并对试件的裂纹扩展和破坏机理进行了分析，得出裂纹扩展的曲折性是由于材料不均匀性所引起的，同时从试件的破坏过程图中可以看出，裂纹的偏置程度对裂纹的扩展路径有一定的影响。

The results showed that material degradation has great impact on ultimate load capacity of structure: the load factor on limit state dropped rapidly and brittle characteristics was aggravated at the same time.

结果表明材料的性能退化对结构的极限承载能力有较大影响，破坏时的载荷因子出现大幅下降，且破坏时的脆性特征加剧，有从整体破坏向局部破坏转化的趋势。

Through above numerical analysis of the TiN coating/substrate system, some typical rules about the fatigue failure are found:(1) the fatigue damage of a coating/substrate system appears first on the interface, then expands along the interface and to the substrate, and finally causes the coatings broken and spalled;(2) under the cyclic loadings of tangential sliding and radial extrusion, the equivalent plastic damage on the interface is mainly generated by the shear stress and the accumulated plastic contributed by the increments of shear stress. Thus the change of the shear stress is the main factor for the contact fatigue damages of coating/substrate system;(3) the frictional coefficient, external loading and coating thickness have some influence on the carrying capacity and contact fatigue life for a coating/substrate system.

通过对TiN涂层／基体系统的数值模拟分析，得到了涂层／基体系统疲劳失效的一些典型规律：(1)、涂层基体的初始损伤首先出现在交界面处，然后沿界面并向基体中扩展，最后导致涂层断裂而发生剥落失效；(2)、在切向滑动和径向挤压循环载荷作用下，交界面处的塑性损伤主要是由剪应力τ产生，塑性累积也是由于△τ的变化引起，说明循环过程中剪应力变化是影响涂层接触疲劳破坏的主要因素；(3)、材料摩擦系数、外界载荷大小以及涂层厚度都对涂层／基体系统的承载能力以及疲劳寿命都有一定影响。

He and Nina moved to California and lived at 2005 Ivar Street, Apt.

他和Nina搬到加州，并在2005年伊瓦尔街，公寓生活。

Droperidol （ potently inhibits transfected HERGchannels and this is the probable mechanism for QT prolongation.

氟哌利多有效地抑制了转染的 HERG 钾通道，可能是 QT 间期延长的机制。