研磨的

To enable wafers have a high lapping efficiency, there are cruciform grooves which deep are 3mm on the surface of the lapping plate.

为使晶片研磨有较高的研磨效率，研磨盘表面加工有深3 的十字形槽。

The computer simulation software was developed for figuring the path curves and instantaneous speed of the lapping process.

文中从运动学和几何学原理出发，建立了工件精密研磨过程的轨迹方程，通过将复杂的研磨运动简化为在中心距一定条件下夹具绕研磨盘中心轴的回转运动及夹具自身的回转运动，对工件上任意点相对于研磨盘的运动轨迹及瞬时速度进行了分析计算，并开发了相应的计算机仿真软件，对其运动轨迹曲线及瞬时速度进行了分析。

Based on the differential geometry theories , two kinds of the regular polyhedron are selectedas the new shapes of grinding media .

以微分几何理论为基础，选择了两种正多面体作为研磨体的形状，与球形研磨体进行了研磨效果的比较。

Dealcoholization temperature markedly influences the surface area and porosity of the resultant MAO-supports. When the support was pretreated at lower or higher temperature, the corresponding MAO-support shows very low surface area; 2.XRD and IR analyses indicate that MAO has reacted with the residual ethanol in the supports, which is an important manner to get MAO fixed on the carrier. Morever, XPS analyse indicates that MAO can also be coordinated with MgCl_2, which is another way to get MAO fixed on the support; 3.ICP and EDX analyses indicate that dealcoholization temperature not only determined the element content on the solid catalyst, but also influences the element distribution on the carrier; 4.The activities of the supported phenoxy-imine catalysts and the properties of resultant polymers are strongly dependent on the dealcoholization temperature. The support (MSP-5) obtained by treating MgCl_2·2.56C_2H_5OH at 160℃for 4 h, then modified by MAO is very effective for immobilizing complex 3, the resultant solid catalyst (MSPC-5) shows very high activity in ethylene polymerization, and its kinetics of polymerization is stable during the reaction process. Finally, PEs with spherical morphology and high bulk density (over 0.35g/ml) were obtained, without reactor fouling; 5.In this work, polymerization conditions such as alkylaluminums, Al/Zr ratio, temperature and H_2 had a pronounced effect on the activity of MSPC-5 and properties of PE;(3). New MgCl_2-Supported Single-Site Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization In this work, a kind of new MgCl_2 support was obtained by anhydrous MgCl_2 co-milled with solid MAO, and it is a creative contribution. Then some single-site catalysts were supported on the new MgCl_2 support, and the resulted solid catalysts were tested in ethylene polymerization, the results indicated that: 1.XRD and IR analyses indicate that MAO does be coordinated with MgCl_2, which is in good agreement with the results obtained by XPS; 2.co-mlling time had no obvious effect on the texture of support after 12 hours; 3.In this work, MgCl_2 was co-milled with solid MAO for different hours, and then complex 3 was supported on these co-milled supports. It was found that co-milling time markedly influences the activity of solid catalysts, but it had negligible effect on the kinetic profile and the properties of resultant PE.

XPS研究结果表明，MAO不仅仅只和乙醇作用，MAO还与MgCl_2本身有一定的作用，这是一个极为重要的发现； 3、通过ICP和EDX表征，发现载体的脱醇温度直接影响着元素在固体催化剂中的含量及分布； 4、脱醇温度极大地影响着负载苯氧基亚胺类催化剂的活性和聚合物的性能，特别是原始载体经160℃活化4小时制备得到的固体催化剂MSPC-5的活性明显高于其他脱醇温度条件下制得的固体催化，并且催化剂寿命长，表现出稳定的动力学行为，最终获得了高堆密度(大于0.35g／ml)的球形聚乙烯颗粒； 5、本文选择MSPC-5为研究对象，考察了聚合反应参数对催化剂的活性及其聚合物的影响，研究发现：不同的烷基铝对催化剂具有非常重要的影响，特别足TIBA对MSPC-5的助催化活性最高，烷基铝的加入量有一个较佳值，聚合温度为80度时活性最高，H_2的加入使催化剂的活性明显降低且聚合物的分子量也减小；、新型氯化镁载体负载单活性中心催化剂催化乙烯聚合本文创造性采用固体MAO与无水氯化镁直接进行共研磨，制备出了一种的新型的氯化镁载体，并将该载体用于多种单活性中心催化剂的负载化研究，研究表明： 1、通过BET、XRD的表征，再次证实了MAO与MgCl_2之间具有直接作用，与XPS的研究结果相一致； 2、当研磨时间高于12小时时，延长研磨时间对载体的结构没有显著的影响； 3、将配合物3负载于共研磨时间不同的一系列载体上，乙烯聚合结果表明，尽管共研磨时间对负载催化剂的活性具有明显的影响，但是它对聚合物的性能以及催化剂的影响不明显。

The precision lapping technology to machine the copper substrate using semi-fixed abrasive plate was studied. The surface roughness and material removal rate as the evaluation of indicators, the influences of the different lapping parameters on the surface roughness and material removal rate were discussed and analyzed. Experimental results indicated that the copper substrate could be efficiently machined by semi-fixed abrasive plate of 800(superscript #) SiC abrasive, and the initial roughness Ra of a machined surface could be improved from 0.553μm to 0.28μm in 10min, produced an ideal rarely scratch surface. Then processed copper polished by diamonded grinding paste, it could be satisfied for the Ni-Pd-P alloy thin film growth.

主要研究半固着磨具精密研磨非晶态Ni-Pd-P合金薄膜铜片衬底，以铜片衬底的表面粗糙度和材料去除率为评价指标，探讨了研磨过程中不同的工艺参数对铜片表面粗糙度和材料去除率的影响结果表明：用800 SiC半固着磨具对铜片衬底进行研磨加工，10min后铜片表面粗糙度Ra可由0553μm减小到0.28μm，同时表面无深划痕：加工后的铜片再经金刚石研磨膏抛光可快速获得满足Ni-Pd-P合金薄膜生长用的铜片衬底表面。

Made according to Standard JB/T7974-99,working surface made by skiving,used for rubbing of workpiece and repairing of measuring tools.

按JB/T7974-99标准制造，工作面用研磨工艺用于制作的研磨，量具修理，用本产品研磨后的制件表面粗糙度Ra≤0.08μm。

Our company specializes in producing: cubic boron nitride grinding wheel; resin grinding wheel; CBN resin grinding wheel; plating wheel; bronze wheel; ceramic grinding wheel; micro-grinding wheel study; cylindrical grinding wheel; diamond polishing paste; diamond grinding head models of various specifications of diamond wheel.

本公司专业生产：立方氮化硼砂轮；树脂砂轮；CBN树脂砂轮；电镀砂轮；青铜砂轮；陶瓷砂轮；微钻研磨砂轮；外圆研磨砂轮；金刚石研磨膏；金刚石磨头等各种规格型号的金刚石砂轮。

For professional research and development, production and small-scale dedicated Universal Precision Grinding Machine, CNC Machine Tool Products Center of the export-oriented manufacturing enterprises, and products are mainly have Grinding, Universal Grinding, milling cutter grinding machine, graver, drill, lathe tool grinder, universal tool grinder and accessories, Universal dividing head, rotary table, dividing plates, various types of chamfering machine, lathe grinder, cutting machine, such as a thimble.

东莞市巩达精密机械有限公司为专业研制开发生产万能磨刀机和小型专用精密机床、数控中心机床工具产品的出口型制造企业，产品主要有磨刀机，万能磨刀机，铣刀研磨机，雕刻刀、钻头、车刀研磨机，万能工具磨床及附件，万能分度头，回转工作台，分度盘，各类倒角机，车床研磨器，顶针切断机等。

Boron carbide powder is grinding efficiently. Due to this quality, it is used as a grinding medium in the grinding and polishing of gem, ceramic, machinery cutter, bearing, hard alloy and other hard materials.

碳化硼粉末研磨效率高作为研磨介质主要用于材料的磨细工艺中，应用于宝石、陶瓷、机械刀具、轴承、硬质合金等硬质材料的磨削、研磨、钻孔及抛光等。

The self-grinding technique of the materials was proposed on the basis of grinding principle of ball mill.

根据球磨机的研磨原理，提出了物料自粉碎技术，从而降低了研磨成本，提高了研磨效率，保证了料浆质量。

On closer examination, though, this is not a vote for multilateralism but just the opposite.

仔细审视后我们发现，这并非是对多边主义投出的赞成票，而是恰好相反。

Uncovering their weak spots, so I can defeat them.

揭露出他们的弱点，这样我就可以打败他们了。