物质

A new method of measuring density of matter is suggested. The volumes of infusible matter, fusible matter, hydrophilic matter, and solid with small granular are measured by using determinator of ratio of specific heat of gas.

提出了一种测量物质密度的新方法，即利用气体比热容比测定仪，既可测量不溶性物质的体积，又可测量可溶性物质的体积，还可测量吸水性物质的体积，特别是可以测量小粒状固体的体积。

Although Science of Design Art and the education of design art of the time have made a rapid progress in China, the faculty construct and theory research of design art keep developing tardily, furthermore the object of the research of Science of Design Art is not very legible and the academic frame of the Science of Design Art research still has not been built.

一、设计艺术学释义设计艺术学是一门关于设计艺术的科学。设计艺术具有物质和非物质两个层面。在物质层面上，它是人类造物的艺术方式，它创建艺术质的人造物系列；非物质层面，它同样采用艺术设计方式，对事物进行筹划、安排，如社会发展规划、城市发展规划等等。

The concentrations of isopentane, 2-methyl-pentane, pentane and 3-methyl-pentane which are from automobile exhaust and gasoline evaporation were highest in alkanes. Benzene/toluene ratio was close to 0.5 which is the characteristic value of automobile exhaust. The concentrations of pinene and isoprene were highest in alkenes.

烷烃类物质中异戊烷、2-甲基戊烷、正戊烷和3-甲基戊烷等机动车尾气或汽油挥发特征性物质浓度最高；芳香烃类物质中苯／甲苯的特征比值略高于机动车尾气排放特征比值0.5；烯烃类物质以植物排放的蒎烯、异戊二烯为主。

Magnetic phenomenon is a physics phenomenon that we all known well. Magnetochemistry is a subject that studies promoting chemical reaction and effecting bond angel of molecules to vary and making resonance vibration of bond of molecule to produce hybrid complex by magnetic field.

磁现象是人们最熟悉的物理现象之一，磁化学是用磁场促进物质发生化学反应生成新物质及影响物质分子的键角而变异或使分子内的磁力键共振而产生共振杂化体物质的科学。

It is therefore the builder and moulder of the physical body, its inhabitant and architect.

它既是"物质体"的"构建者"，也是"物质体"的"消解者"；既是"物质体"的"原住民"，也是"物质体"的"建筑师"。

The analysis of the components and contents of volatile material indicated that fruit of apples treated with 2 and 4ml/kg of ethanol increased the content and kinds of the characteristic volatile and improved flavor and quality in apple, while the fruit treated with 6ml/kg of ethanol produced higher contents of volatile material and developed off-flavor. Fruit of'Yar'pear treated with 2 and 4ml/kg of ethanol increased the sweet taste and aroma, but higher ethanol concentration showed off-flavor.

对苹果挥发性物质成分的分析表明，2及4ml/kg的乙醇处理增加了苹果特征风味挥发性物质的组分及含量，使水果呈现果香和花香，改善了苹果的品质，而6ml/kg的乙醇处理也能增加苹果果香，但由于强烈果香味的乙酸乙酯等组分在所增加的挥发性物质中所占比例较大，果实呈现浓烈的果香，并使果实的在口中的余味较差，在感官评价中稍差。2和4ml/kg的乙醇处理增加鸭梨甜味，并具有清爽的果香味，而高剂量的乙醇处理余味较差。4ml/kg乙醇处理，在挥发性物质组分数量上与对照差异不大，但却使乙醇形成酯类增加，使鸭梨果实呈现浓郁的果香。

Those properties that need to hold value and appreciate are the third level, which are mainly financial properties. Properties that can be disposed at discretion are the highest level of personal property. As a developing country, China must solve the subsistence problem for over 120 million people. Meanwhile China should let everyone possess relatively higher level of personal property in order to move into modernization.

从经济学角度出发，拥有维持生存的物质条件构成个人财产的最基本层次；在维持生存的物质条件之外还会形成能够遗留的有用物质，它们是个人财产的第二层次；在所有物质之外需要保值增值的财富，是个人财产的第三层次；在保值增值之外任意处置的财产是个人财产的最高层次。

Base on above studies, some conclusions were obtained as follows:(1) ore-forming background of the studied ferromanganese crusts are mainly controlled by intensity of Antarctic Bottom Waters and variations of material source;(2) it is confirmed that the ferromanganese crusts are mainly hydrogenetic and their composition are affected by volcanic and continental material simultaneously; there are no obvious phosphatization reconstruction and element reaction occurred in them, so they have important paleoceanological significance;(3) from researches on element occurrence modes in the new-type ferromanganese crusts and the lying sediments, it is proposed that there is no great biological affection on the crusts formation and their composition mainly came from the adsorptive action of the ferromanganese oxides in them;(4) two major types of ore-controlling factors are identified through compilation of ore-controlling factors, which are geological and oceanic factors;(5) considering the long-term variation trends of the crusts composition, combing the U-series and 10Be isotope dating results, it is proposed that the ore-forming processes of ferromanganese crusts in the studied areas can be divided into three major stages (5.6~2.8 Ma, 2.8~2.7 Ma and since 2.7 Ma), and then the activities of AABW since the Late Miocene, changes of input flux coming from volcanic and continental material are confirmed.

通过研究，得出如下结论：(1)研究区铁锰结壳的成矿背景主要受控于南极底流强弱及物源供给的变化；(2)证实铁锰结壳主要为水成成因，同时其物质组成也受一定程度的火山和陆源物质的影响；结壳自形成以来没有遭受到明显的磷酸盐化等成岩后期改造和元素再迁移，具有重要的古海洋学意义；(3)通过新型铁锰结壳及下伏沉积物元素赋存状态的研究，认为生物作用对研究区结壳的形成并没有很大的直接影响，其物质成分主要来自于结壳中铁锰氧化物的吸附作用；(4)在控矿要素的研究中，归纳出了地质与海洋两大类结壳控矿要素；(5)根据结壳成分长周期变化趋势，结合铀系和10Be测年结果，将研究区结壳的形成过程划分为三个主要阶段(5.6~2.8 Ma，2.8~2.7 Ma和2.7 Ma以来)，并确定了晚中新世以来研究区南极底流的活动情况、火山和大陆来源物质输入量的变化。

The substance which gives up hydrogen is said to be oxidized and the one which accepts the hydrogen is sais to be reduced.

释出氢的物质是氧化物，吸收氢的物质减少了。如果化学学的认真点就不是这样了。一个物质失去氢叫做被氧化，一个物质得到氢叫做被还原。

By using high performance liquid chromatographycombined withthin-layer chromatography,three PG:salicin,salicortin and deltoidin weredetected in the bark of P.deltioides,Five kinds of PG were detected in the leaves,which included trmuloidin and tremulacin besides the three PG.

采用薄层色谱与高效液相色谱法相结合的方法，在实验材料的树皮中测定到三种主要的酚甙类物质：水杨甙、柳皮甙和美洲黑杨甙，在叶片中测定到5种酚甙类物质，除上述3种物质外，还包括2′-苯甲酰水杨甙和颤杨甙，对于后两者在前人的研究中未见报道。研究还对5种化学物质进行了分离。

Methods: Five patients with parkinsonism or dystonia were assigned to general anesthesia using an modified endotracheal tube.

本实验依照人体实验之相关规定进行，五位患有帕金森氏症或肌张力异常的病人接受神经立体定位手术。

If you can benefit from this book, it is our honour.

如果您能从本书获益，这将是我们的荣幸。