物质

To assess the importance of quasar outflow we have performed a series of studies on broad absorption line quasars, and have obtained the following results.

为了确定外流的重要性，中国科学技术大学天体物理中心开展了宽吸收线类星体的一系列研究，取得了一些进展：(1)宽吸收线区的紫外吸收物质的柱密度比原来预计高出2个量级，低电离吸收线形成于饱和的高电离吸收线区；(2)射电宁静的宽吸收类星体吸收物质主要在赤道面，并且不同的源吸收物质分布情况很不相同，而在射电强的类星体中，赤道和极向外流都是可能的；(3)共振散射线偏振表明，外流物质携带角动量。

AS The Economist went to press this week, physicists were aflutter about an expected announcement from one of the world's most important experiments searching for dark matter—the as-yet-undetected material that, if models of the universe are correct, is about six times as abundant as the familiar, visible stuff.

本周《经济学人》发刊之际，物理学界正在为一个预期的发布会兴奋雀跃着。届时，将宣布世界上一个最重要的实验的结果：寻找暗物质——一种尚未发现的物质。如果宇宙真如宇宙模型的描述般，宇宙中暗物质的含量将是人们熟悉的可见物质的6倍之多。

By integrating the material characteristics of all cosmic space-times, it has formed its unique material characteristics: the most concretionary in state, the most complex in structure, the most mysterious in material property, the most stagnant in quality, the realest in spectrum, the most changeable in motion, the closest in mechanism, etc.

一是与所有宇宙时空重叠，因此具有所有宇宙时空的物质信息，综合所有宇宙时空的物质特性，形成特殊的物质特征：形态最凝固、结构最复杂、物性最玄妙、质地最沉滞、光谱最实相、运动最多变、机制最紧密等等，这些物质特征造就了人类时空的特殊景观和境界，成为宇宙时空的一大特色。

Spiritual enjoyment is by no means the same as creature comfort, as the latter will be restricted in quality and quantity of the material itself and the pursuit of it will sink man into the bottomless mire, which is very exhausting.

精神享受绝不同于物质享受，因为物质享受会受限于物质本身的数量、质量，而且一味追求物质享受会进入无底泥潭，是很累人的事。

The following key future research fields are needed to understand and predict Antarctic Ice Sheet mass balance: Observation and modeling of the surface elevation changes, determination of surface mass balance and its distribution over drainage basins as well as fluxes at the grounding lines and the bottom melting underneath ice shelves, understanding of the deglaciation history, development, comparison and improvement of all kinds of models related to modeling and prediction of ice sheet mass balance.

南极冰盖物质平衡未来的重点研究领域是开展冰盖表面高程变化的监测与模拟，确定表面物质平衡及其在各冰流盆地的分布，着地线的冰流通量，冰架底部的融化，了解冰后期冰盖退缩的动力过程，以及开发、对比和改进与冰盖物质平衡模拟和预测相关的各种模型。关键词：南极冰盖；物质平衡；进展与展望

The system consists of the following procedure: pre-concentration of metallogenic matter in living organisms in primary depositional basin; solution, absorption and concentration of metallogenic matter in organic matter and organic thermal fluid generated from organisms during lithogenesis; migration of metallogenic matter in organic thermal fluid from basin to mountain region and activation of metallogenic elements by organic matter and organic thermal fluids in sedimentary strata in mountain regions during basin compaction and mountain building; metallization due to reactions between inorganic fluid and organic fluid bearing metallogenic matter and because of reductions and absorptions by organic matter in mountain regions.

生物成矿系统的内容是：在原始盆地接受沉积时，生物对金属成矿物质就存在预富集作用；在成岩过程中，生物转化为有机质及有机热流体，对金属成矿物质存在溶解、萃取、富集作用；在盆地压实和造山活动中，盆地中有机热流体向造山带运移，此过程流体携带大量成矿物质，对金属成矿物质存在迁移作用，而处于造山带沉积地层中的有机物及有机流体对金属成矿元素存在活化作用；盆地有机热流体与造山带含金属流体会合，以及造山带有机质及有机流体对金属元素进行还原和吸咐，最终形成金属矿床，对金属成矿物质存在成矿作用。

Through the analysis of De, an alternative mechanism interpreting of the"overshoot"phenomena can be obtained: when the diffusing time of small molecular penetrants is shorter than relaxation time of the involved polymer, small molecular substance penetrates into the polymer quickly and its concentration reached a maximum, then the swelling of the polymer by the small molecules makes the chain structure of the polymer relaxed, thus the free volume in polymer matrix, which is occupied by small molecule, decreased, and will squeeze part of the small molecular substance out of the polymer, and therefore overshoot behavior can be observed.

通过对De的分析，可以得出产生&超调&现象的机理的另一种解释：小分子渗透物质的扩散时间相对于聚合物的松弛时间要短（相当于有个更快的扩散速度），所以小分子迅速扩散进聚合物中达到一个极值，由于小分子物质对聚合物的溶胀，使得聚合物链结构产生松弛，由于聚合物链结构的变化，小分子物质占有的自由体积会减小，这样会挤出小分子物质，使得小分子物质在聚合物中的浓度减小，如果高聚物粘弹性明显，甚至可能出现多个浓度的衰减振荡并达到平衡值。

We learnt from the documents that the tobacco companies used chemicals to increase the addictiveness of nicotine, chemicals to disguise the harsh taste of nicotine, chemicals to widen the lung passages for faster absorption of the smoke, chemicals mask the taste, chemicals to add "flavour" and sweetness.

我们从烟草公司的文件中得知，烟草公司在香烟中添加化学物质以提高尼古丁的成隐性，添加化学物质以掩盖尼古丁的涩味，添加化学物质以扩张肺部通道从而加快烟的吸收，添加化学物质以掩盖烟的味道，添加化学物质以增加&滋味&和甜度。

Richard MacKinnon, Canada Research Chair in Intangible Culture and Director, Centre for Cape Breton Studies "Digitizing Canada's Gaelic Intangible Cultural Heritage", Kirstin Evenden, Vice President, Access, Collections, Exhibits, Glenbow Museum, and Terrance Houle, Artist "Digital Heritage and First Nations Cultures at Glenbow", Dr. Laurier Turgeon, Director, Institut du patrimoine culturel, Université Laval "Inventory of ethnological heritage resources", Brian Porter, Senior Director, New Media Resources, Royal Ontario Museum Royal Ontario Museum, with Yongjian Zhai, Director, Software Engineering, Arius 3D,"3D Digitization Solutions: Arius 3D and the Royal Ontario Museum". Dr. John McAvity, Executive Director, Canadian Museums Association, and Mr. Dale Jarvis, Intangible Cultural Heritage Development Officer Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador also introduced their programs. Chinese scholars exchanged research findings with Canadian Professors in the field of intangible cultural heritage in China. The Chinese presentations including Dr.

在会上就加拿大范例发言的加拿大代表有：加拿大国家文明博物馆馆长Victor Rabinovithch：&加拿大博物馆与非物质文化保护&，不列颠哥伦比亚大学人类学博物馆馆长Antony Shelton博士：&互联网与非物质文化&，加拿大非物质文化保护国家专项主任Richard Mackinnon博士：&加拿大盖尔人非物质文化遗产的数码化保护&，卡尔加里市格伦鲍博物馆Kirstin Evenden女士和黑脚原住民部落Terence Houle先生：&格伦鲍博物馆原住民文化及数字化遗产项目&，拉瓦尔大学文化遗产学院院长Laurier Turgeon博士：&民俗文化遗产来源&，皇家安大略博物馆Brian John Porter和Arius 3D科技公司Yongjian Zhai：&政府项目与私企合作范例介绍&，加拿大博物馆协会执行主任John Gillis McCavity博士，纽芬兰和拉布拉多基金会发非物质文化发展官员Dale Gilbert Jarvis等。

Laurier Turgeon, Director, Institut du patrimoine culturel, Université Laval "Inventory of ethnological heritage resources", Brian Porter, Senior Director, New Media Resources, Royal Ontario Museum Royal Ontario Museum, with Yongjian Zhai, Director, Software Engineering, Arius 3D,"3D Digitization Solutions: Arius 3D and the Royal Ontario Museum". Dr. John McAvity, Executive Director, Canadian Museums Association, and Mr. Dale Jarvis, Intangible Cultural Heritage Development Officer Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador also introduced their programs. Chinese scholars exchanged research findings with Canadian Professors in the field of intangible cultural heritage in China. The Chinese presentations including Dr. Fang Lili, Chinese National Academy of Arts "Documenting Intangible Culture in West China: A National Study Report", Dr.

国家文明博物馆馆长Victor Rabinovithch：&加拿大博物馆与非物质文化保护&，不列颠哥伦比亚大学人类学博物馆馆长Antony Shelton博士：&互联网与非物质文化&，加拿大非物质文化保护国家专项主任Richard Mackinnon博士：&加拿大盖尔人非物质文化遗产的数码化保护&，卡尔加里市格伦鲍博物馆Kirstin Evenden女士和黑脚原住民部落Terence Houle先生：&格伦鲍博物馆原住民文化及数字化遗产项目&，拉瓦尔大学文化遗产学院院长Laurier Turgeon博士：&民俗文化遗产来源&，皇家安大略博物馆Brian John Porter和Arius 3D科技公司Yongjian Zhai：&政府项目与私企合作范例介绍&，加拿大博物馆协会执行主任John Gillis McCavity博士，纽芬兰和拉布拉多基金会发非物质文化发展官员Dale Gilbert Jarvis等。

Methods: Five patients with parkinsonism or dystonia were assigned to general anesthesia using an modified endotracheal tube.

本实验依照人体实验之相关规定进行，五位患有帕金森氏症或肌张力异常的病人接受神经立体定位手术。

If you can benefit from this book, it is our honour.

如果您能从本书获益，这将是我们的荣幸。