热传递

The simulative results showed that the total heating loads in solar house were 24.4 % less than those in the reference house of no auxiliary heat sources in the whole heating period in Shenyang when indoor air temperature was 18℃ in the houses with ideal auxiliary heat.The effects of operation,structures and performance parameter of the solar thermal storage wall were analyzed.

无内通风口式集热蓄热墙冬季空气间层是密闭的，发挥了重质墙体的蓄热作用和空气间层的热阻作用，依靠导热向室内传递热量；有内通风口式集热蓄热墙依靠空气间层与室内的对流换热和墙体的导热两种方式向室内传递热量。

Based on the theory of heat and mass transfer for film type cooling, a mathematical model for the velocity distribution of a thin water film, the equations of mass and heat transfer, and evaporation cooling controlled by the latent heat transfer were established.

基于膜状冷却热、质传递机理，建立水膜薄层的速度分布，热、质传递方程和潜热蒸发冷却控制的数学模型。

The discrete heat and moisture transfer equation and control conditions are obtained with finite volume method. The temperature and moisture distribution and transient heat and moisture absorbing and desorbing of porous envelop are calculated with numerical method. The program for porous envelop heat and moisture transfer are developed by use of FORTRAN. The heat and moisture transfer model is verified using the examples given out in the reference [41] and testing data of funk hole located in A zone Chongqing university.

采用有限体积法对多孔材料热湿传递方程及控制条件进行离散，用数值方法求解多孔围护结构温湿度分布和壁面的瞬时热湿吸放量，采用FORTRAN语言编写了围护结构热湿传递计算程序，并用文献[41]给出的算例和重庆大学A区防空洞的测试数据对模型进行了验证。

Transfer models were developed with overall wetting condition and part overall wetting and some water droplets larding in air condition. The relative errors of efficiency prediction are small than 2 percent because Lewis factor is equal to 1.The method to determine the mean saturated line slope of moist air was presented, which can apply to hot water and air. The wall wetting rate has remarkable effect on cooling efficiency. But water droplets in air effects are small and can be ignored in engineering calculations.

本文分别建立了壁面完全润湿传递模型与同时考虑空气中夹杂液滴且壁面不完全润湿条件下的板式湿式空冷器传递模型，数值计算得到传递模型应用刘易斯关系式对冷却效率的预测相对误差小于2％；提出了既适用于热流体为热水、也适用于热流体为空气的湿空气过程平均斜率的确定方法。

Water inside vacuum heat- collection tubes; since the hot medium inside vacuum tubes floats up and cold one goes down due to respective specific gravity, hot and cold mediums convections up and down to cause the heat conduction, furthermore transfer the heat to the related working medium in the heat tubes, the working medium sorbs the potential heat and becomes steam to rise up to the condensing section from the tube heat evaporating section; it emits the heat in condensing section to change again into liquid working medium; it flows back to evaporating section under the gravity action, the emitted heat is transferred into the water inside water tank or tube group by means of the heat-conduction through heat tubes condensing section; it makes the cold water in water tank into hot water in the repeated way.

阳光透过全玻璃真空集热管的外玻璃，照射到涂覆在内玻璃管外表面的选择性吸收涂层上，涂层将太阳的辐射能吸收并转化为热能，通过内玻璃管壁导热，传递给真空集热管内其液态传热介质，由于真空集热管内热的介质因比重小而上浮，冷的介质因比重大而下沉，冷热介质上下对流传热和导热，再通过热管的金属壁导热，将热量传递给热管内其相变工质，工质吸收汽化潜热而变成蒸汽，由热管蒸发段上升到冷凝段，在冷凝段放热冷凝，又变成液态工质，在重力作用下流回蒸发段，所放出的热量通过热管冷凝段金属管壁导热，传递给水箱或联集管内的冷水，周而复始，于是便将水箱内的冷水全部加热成热水。

In this dissertation, at first, the history and present situation of the research related to overheating is reviewed, and then the research works are carried out in following aspects the calculation of radiative properties of coal combustion, the solution of radiative transfer equation in absorbing-scattering media, the analyses of combined heat transfer processes in flue side, the computation method of steam temperature deviation of superheaters and reheaters and the inversion method of their wall metallic temperature in furnace, the numerical simulation of gas-solid two-phase flow, combustion and heat transfer in furnace, the measurement of outlet steam temperature of superheaters and reheaters, engineering reformation of overheating and optimum design of superheaters and reheaters, etc.

本文在综述了与过热器和再热器超温问题有关的研究历史与现状的基础上，在煤粉燃烧产物辐射特性的计算、含散射问题的辐射传递方程的求解、过热器和再热器烟气侧对流与辐射复合换热及汽温偏差的计算和炉内金属壁温的反演、炉内气固两相流动、燃烧、传热过程的数值模拟、过热器再热器炉外出口汽温的测量、过热器再热器超温问题的工程改造及设备的优化设计等方面进行了研究。

The transfer of mass and heat is quick. Because of operation at negative pressure, there is no flying dust. The equipment has no dead corner. It can clean is fully and without cross pollution. Its heating may use steam, or electric heater.

质热传递快，在封闭负压下操作，无粉尘飞扬，设备无死角，清洗彻底，无交叉污染，加热可采用蒸汽或电热。

In order to reduce the external mass-transfer resistance to the transfer of heat liberated upon adsorption, the solid sample was spread in the form of single layers of crystals over the wide surface of an aluminum sample holder.

为了减少外部质量对吸附过程中所释放出的热传递的阻碍，固体样品须以一薄层的形式平铺在铝质的样品盛器宽大的表面上。

In order to reduce the external mass-transfer resistance to the transfer of heat liberate d upon adsorption, the solid sample was spread in the form of single layers of crystals over the wide surface of an aluminum sample holder.

为了减少外部质量对吸附过程中所释放出的热传递的阻碍，固体样品须以一薄层的形式平铺在铝质的样品盛器宽大的表面上。

To study the thermal process of biological tissue in cryosurgery will be very helpful for further application in cryosurgery.

研究生物组织在冷冻手术中的热传递过程，对于冷冻手术今后的开发利用有着重要的启发作用。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。