没有先例

This was what might be described as an extra-constitutional crisis; and, as the Church has a right in such circumstances to remove reasonable doubt and provide a pope whose claims would be indisputable, even an acephalous council, supported by the body of bishops throughout the world, was competent to meet this altogether exceptional emergency without thereby setting up a precedent that could be erected into a regular constitutional rule, as the Gallicans wrongly imagined.

这是什么可能会被形容为一课外宪制危机，以及作为教会的权利，在这种情况下，以消除合理怀疑，并提供一个教宗的债权将不争的，即使是一acephalous会，支持该机构在整个主教世界上有能力，以应付这完全没有特殊的紧急情况，从而建立了一个先例，可以竖立成为一个经常性的宪法规则，作为gallicans错误可想而知。

The motive behind this is unclear, though it has been theorised that they wished to pillage our world for its natural resources. Race X's invasion was a campaign of opportunity, and there have been no instances of Race X activity on Earth since the destruction of Black Mesa, presumably because after the nuclear blast the Black Mesa area was an inhospitable environment, and the Earth as a whole lost its appeal as a target once it was conqured by the Combine.

虽然以推断出它们希望掠夺这个世界的自然资源，但是在此背后的动机是为了核能。X族的入侵是一个战役机会，而且在黑山基地毁灭前并没有X族在地球活动的先例，可能是因为在核爆炸以后，黑山地区变成了不适合居住的环境，作为曾被联合军征服过的目标，地球已完全失去了自身的吸引力。

WTO officials have said there are no established procedures or precedent for admitting a customs union.

WTO的官员曾表示，接受关税同盟没有现成程序或先例。

I work for a male-dominated SME and there is no precedent for working flexibly.

我在一家男性主宰的中小企业工作，没有灵活工作的先例。

I immediately saw the advantages of digital over film because there's no guesswork.

我马上意识到了数字技术在电影领域的冒险因为根本没有可供臆测的先例。

The administration of justice in traditional China has been criticized for disregarding established rules and precedents and thus likened to "Khadi justice."

近来祖国大陆的法学界流行着两种对于中国传统的批评：其一指责中国传统司法者不遵循法律和先例，仅仅就事论事，凭天理人情作成判决；其二声称中国传统文化里几乎没有法学可言。

No country has followed Russia's lead to recognize Abkhaz and South Ossetian independence.

成员国中没有国家遵循俄罗斯的先例承认这两个地区的独立。

Nobody will get it just right because there will be no precedence.

没有人会得到公正的权利，因为将不会有任何先例。

There's no precedent for that.

没有过先例的。

"The mere fact that in order to test the truth of the representations some independent inquiry is made, which necessarily is really in the nature of a fishing expedition rather than a systematic search that will necessarily reveal the truth if carried out with reasonable thoroughness, does not indicate lack of reliance; to hold so would enable a liar who falsifies facts peculiarly within his own knowledge to subject to an unconscionable squeeze play: if makes any independent checks he would claim that it isn't 'relying' and thus is not voidable … the only alternative for the company would be to indicate 100 per cent faith and reliance by making no investigation whatsoever, at the risk of having a court later determine that inconsistencies in the application or information otherwise brought to their attention should have caused them to make at least such an inquiry as a prudent man would have made."

但如果受害方的确有去作出了查询并且发觉了这个误述，但他还是去确认合约，这就表示了另一个重要的问题就是他并没有依赖这一个误述。当然，受害方去作出查询并不代表他能够完全知悉真相，所以误述方会有很大的举证责任说明受害方完全通过查询可以知道事实真相，所以后来确认合约并没有去依赖误述。这也是现实，例如在近年来的合并收购的商业活动蓬勃，其中涉及了不少的卖方被指控向买方作出误述。但在这种交易，买方通常会在订约前会来一个"合理努力"的查询/查帐，岂非是卖方就因此可以随意去误述而不必负责了？这方面美国上诉庭有一个先例把这一点说得很清楚，它是New York Life Insurance Co v。 Strudel 243 F 2d 90 (5 Cir 1957)，如下

What are your goals and strategies for growth?

你的成长目标和策略是什么？

And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven irits of God, and the seven star I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.

3：1 你要写信给撒狄教会的使者，说，那有神的七灵和七星的，说，我知道你的行为，按名你是活的，其实是死的。