斜坡

If you are traversing a steep section of the slope, go to the highest line.

如果你这个时候穿越斜坡比较陡峭的部分，那么要去斜坡的最高线。

This paper analyses the stability of subgrade embankment during construction and after completion on sloped weak ground using limit equilibrium theory.

为正确评价国家重点建设工程渝怀铁路斜坡软弱地基填方工程的稳定性，按照极限平衡法的基本理论，运用 Bishop法、Janbu法及 Ordinary法等，分析了在斜坡软弱地基上填筑路堤时其稳定性受断面参数，如地层坡度、软弱土层厚度、路堤高度而变化的影响趋势。

Objective: To provide the microsurgical anatomical basis of the clivus for transoral clival surgery.

目的：为前方经口腔径路至斜坡手术提供斜坡区的显微解剖学资料。

The bone resection was divided into four steps via FLA:① drilling of the jugular tuberculum;② partial mastoidectomy;③ removal of the occipital condyle;④resection of the lateral mass of C1 with mobilization of the vertebral artery. After each step of the bone resection was completed, the exposed area of the central clival depression and the area of exposure 15 cm above the central point were calculated.

利用CT和立体定向仪对20例甲醛溶液固定的头颅标本标记斜坡中央凹陷区中心点，采用FLA入路，骨切除分四步进行：磨除颈静脉结节，部分乳突切除，枕髁全切，C1侧块切除；分别于每一步骨切除及血管神经牵拉完成后测量斜坡中央凹陷区的显露范围和位于中心点上方15 cm处术者的操作范围。

Methods Central point at the central clival depression was marked with the help of CT and stereotactic apparatus in 20 formalin-fixed cadaveric heads. The bone resection was divided into four steps via FLA:① drilling of the jugular tuberculum;② partial mastoidectomy;③ removal of the occipital condyle;④resection of the lateral mass of C1 with mobilization of the vertebral artery. After each step of the bone resection was completed, the exposed area of the central clival depression and the area of exposure 15 cm above the central point were calculated.

利用CT和立体定向仪对20例甲醛溶液固定的头颅标本标记斜坡中央凹陷区中心点，采用FLA入路，骨切除分四步进行：磨除颈静脉结节，部分乳突切除，枕髁全切，C1侧块切除；分别于每一步骨切除及血管神经牵拉完成后测量斜坡中央凹陷区的显露范围和位于中心点上方15 cm处术者的操作范围。

Cases were found by CT which ventral to clivus and 19 cases were found by CT which parallel to clivus.

其中平行斜坡垂线CT扫描发现41例，平行于斜坡CT扫描发现19例。

Comclusion: transpetrous presigmoid retrolabrinth approach was rational approach for surgery on petroclivus and -4- CPA; it抯 important for accomplish the surgery to study and master the anatomy and variance of this approach; there was relative anatomical relationship among those structure on posterior of petrous bone; AAMP was the extracranial mark of inflexion of TS and SS; LAM and PSC were obvious bone marks for operation; we can confirm the abraded range of petrous bone lean upon LAM and/or GSS beside abrading step by step as literature, and it抯 unnecessary and unrational to emphasize to show PSC if the surgical space was enough; preceding sigmoid sinus and high jugular bulb often appeared at right and would bring disadvantage effect; interspace ,between CN V and CNVII or CNVII and CNJXI, were available to reach clivus and manage the mass on the range.

经SS前迷路后入路是处理岩斜坡区、桥小脑角区病变理想的手术入路；研究和熟悉手术入路中的解剖结构及部分变异对指导手术十分必要；岩骨内测面的骨性结构之间有着相对稳定的空间关系；顶乳缝前角是SS和TS转接处在颅外的标志；IAM和PSC等结构可以作为手术中的重要骨性标志；以PSC确定岩骨的磨除范围是较安全和可靠的，但亦可以结合影像检查，以内耳道和乙状窦前缘为基点判定切除范围，如果操作空间足够，过分强调磨出半规管是不适当的；右侧GSS的宽度和深度较对侧大，SS前置和颈静脉球高位较对侧多见，这些都对右侧入路有不利的影响，但仍可以进行手术操作；三叉神经和面神经间隙及面l 神经和舌咽神经间隙方便到达斜坡并处理病变。l

The available operation range in clivus and anterior cranial base by transsphenoidal opproach was also observed during the operation under the help of neuronavigational pointer. Forty-one patients underwent sublabial, transseptal, transsphenoidal approach to the pituitary region guided by Surgical Microscope Navigation was studied. The piriform aperture was 27. 2mm±3. 1 , the origin of inferior nasal concha 30mm±4. 1, the origin of middle nasal concha 27. 9mm±4. 3. These data are important for transsphenoidal approach, because the piriform aperture and the origin of both inferior and middle nasal conchas restricted the opening width of the Hardy specula. If any distance of these bony structures was much less than the mean one, may cause inadequate opening of the specula blade and resulting dissatisfied operative field. Microadenomas or cystic tumors perhaps can be operated even in a narrow exposure, but large or giant solid adenomas may need a proper evaluation including changing the operative approach or performing a bilateral submucous inferior conchotomy or posterior ethmoidectomy firstly.

手术中还利用CT导航系统观察棒研究了经口—鼻蝶窦入路在斜坡区和前颅底能够达到的实际有效操作范围，为扩大经蝶窦入路手术在斜坡区和前颅底的应用奠定基础，在国内外尚未见同类报道。41例垂体瘤患者梨状孔平均宽度27.2mm±3.1，下鼻甲根部附着处间距30mm±4.1，中鼻甲根部附着处间距27.9mm±4.3，这是经口—鼻蝶窦入路手术中，对Hardy双瓣鼻窥器张开限制的主要骨性结构，若患者这些径线值明显小于平均值，则可能因为鼻窥器打开不充分而影响手术暴露，当然对于垂体微腺瘤和以囊变为主的垂体瘤可能影响不大，但对于大和巨大垂体瘤必须要有充分的准备，包括评估是否改用其他入路，或先行鼻甲切除再行经蝶手术。

A hypothetical drained cell model retrofitted from a 160kA Hall-Heroult cell was set up to calculate the current distribution in the cathode when the anode bottom and cathode top surfaces were declivous. Two half anode-cathode slice thermo-electrical models with the collector bars installed slopingly or horizontally were adopted to calculate the potential drop and electricity distribution of the cathode.

摘 要：将某厂现有的160kA Hall-Heroult铝电解槽改造成导流槽后，在阴极上表面和阳极底面呈斜坡状的条件下，计算了采用不同阴极导杆安装方式时阴极的电位和电流分布，即通过建立导流槽内部从阳极到阴极的一个半切片电热场模型，用有限元法分别对水平和平行于阴极斜坡两种不同导流槽阴极导杆的安装方式下阴极电位和表面电流密度分布进行了计算。

The delta depositional system generally has three topography slope breakpoints, namely the breakpoint between topset and foreset, the breakpoint between delta foreslope and prodelta and the breakpoint between delta depositional system and normal lacustrine depositional system, of them the topography grade of the foreslope i...

三角洲沉积体系一般存在三个地形坡度转折点，即顶积层与前积层之间的转折点、三角洲前缘斜坡与前三角洲沉积之间的转折点、三角洲沉积体系与正常湖泊沉积作用之间的转折点，其中前缘斜坡的地形坡度最大。

On closer examination, though, this is not a vote for multilateralism but just the opposite.

仔细审视后我们发现，这并非是对多边主义投出的赞成票，而是恰好相反。

Uncovering their weak spots, so I can defeat them.

揭露出他们的弱点，这样我就可以打败他们了。