抗生素

Each group had 4 replicates and per replicate with 25 broilers. Group 1 was fed basal diet without antibiotic and Chinese herb feed additive as control, group 2 was fed basal diets adding 50mg/kg chlortetracycline, and group 3, 4, 5 were fed basal diets with 0.1%,0.2% and 0.3%"SHENGJIANG No.1" respectively.

试验1组为空白对照组，饲喂基础日粮，不添加任何抗生素和中草药；试验2组为抗生素对照组，添加50mg／kg的金霉素；试验3、4、5组分别在基础饲料中添加0.1％、0.2％、0.3％的"申江一号"中草药添加剂。

Objective To compare Etest and agar dilution method for testing susceptibilities of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to four antibiotics.

由于抗生素的广泛使用和临床上不规范的治疗，使淋球菌对抗生素的敏感性迅速发生改变[1] 。

Modification of the side chain radical of β-lactam class antibiotic is a possible effective way,while the mother nuclide maintain the activity, but the different side chain radical alternating the drug tolerance of bacterium.

改造β-内酰胺类抗生素的侧链，不同侧链改变了细菌的耐药性，而其母核仍保持抗菌活性，这可能是克服抗生素使用剂量不断增大的一条有效途径。

In the whole world, the large ring lactone class antibiotic is a clinical commonly used variety, with the cephalosporin, partly synthesized the blue mildew and the fluorine kui alkone has formed the antibiotic three-way confrontation. in 2006 the global best-selling medicine 500 strong anti-infection class medicine quantities have reached 77, is 19 broad heading medicines resides in the first place the variety.

在全球，大环内酯类抗生素是一个临床常用的品种，与头孢菌素、半合成青霉和氟喹诺酮形成了抗生素的鼎足之势。2006年全球畅销药500强中的抗感染类药物数量已达77个，是19大类药物居于首位的品种。

This overuse of antibiotics has led to the development of "superbacteria," or antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.

这种过度使用抗生素导致了发展新的病毒" superbacteria "或抗生素耐药的菌株。

The objectives of this study were: to describe the use of prophylactic antibiotics in appendectomy in Taiwan and its adherence to the clinical guidelines; and to investigate the treatment results of appendectomy associated with guideline adherences of prophylactic antibiotics.

因此，本研究利用全国阑尾切除病患之资料来探讨台湾医院执行阑尾切除术使用预防性抗生素之现况及预防性抗生素使用是否符合临床指引建议，同时再深入探讨预防性抗生素使用是否符合临床指引建议对阑尾切除术治疗结果之影响。

All of the patients were treated with systemic antibiotics. The mean duration of fever after initiation of antibiotic therapy was 2.9 days.

所有病人从住院开始即接受抗生素治疗，抗生素平均使用天数是9.4天，11个发烧的病人在抗生素使用后平均2.9天才退烧。

The results showed that the cadmium-tolerant capability of the strain was different with antibiotics and the surface groups of the strain were affected by antibiotics in the presence of Cd2+.

结果表明，抗生素明显影响菌体的耐镉能力，菌体表面官能团在Cd2+和抗生素同时存在下，明显受抗生素作用的影响。

A method for simultaneous determination of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, chlortetracycline and choramphenicol in seafood was successfully developed using high performance liquid chromatography with ammonium acetate/water and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. The results showed that the four antibiotics were well separated under the optimum conditions, with the limits of detection being 32 μg/kg for oxytetracycline, 15 μg/kg for tetracycline, 23 μg/kg for chlortetracycline, and 19 μg/kg for choramphenicol. The recovery of standard additions was 76~92% and the relative standard deviation was 0.8-4.5%. The method is rapid, sensitive, accurate and reliable and can be applied in the analysis of antibiotic residues in seafood.

建立了同时检测海产品中土霉素、四环素、金霉素、氯霉素残留的高效液相色谱分析方法，以醋酸铵-醋酸/水缓冲液和乙腈作为流动相，通过二元梯度洗脱，使四种抗生素获得了较好的分离，以基线噪音的3倍计算，土霉素、四环素、金霉素、氯霉素最低检出浓度分别为32μg/kg、15μg/kg、23μg/kg、19μg/kg，在添加浓度范围内，四种抗生素的加标回收率为76~92%，相对标准偏差为0.8~4.5%，该方法快速、灵敏、准确，可靠性高，可用于海产品中抗生素残留的色谱分析。

Other major figures: Gerhard Domagk (who found that the red dye Prontosil cured strep infections, which led to the development of the sulfa drugs); Alexander Fleming (who stumbled onto the inhibition of Staph bacteria by a mold, Penicillium); Howard Florey and Ernst Chain (who purified penicillin for clinical use); Rene Dubos (who found an antibiotic in an organism in the soil); and Selman Waksman (who searched systematically among soil organisms for antibiotics and there discovered the second clinically important antibiotic, streptomycin).

其他的重要人物：Gerhard Domagk（发现红色染料偶氮磺胺可以治愈链球菌属感染，发展成为磺胺类药物）；Alexander Fleming（偶然发现霉菌，青霉菌，可以抑制葡萄球菌属细菌）；Howard Florey 和 Ernst Chain（纯化了青霉素将其应用到临床）；Rene Dubos（在土壤里一种生物体力发现了一种抗生素）；还有Selman Waksman（系统研究土壤有机体和抗生素，发现了临床第二重要的抗生素，链霉素

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。