应变

By introducing reasonable fundamental assumptions and the Green strain in orthogonal curvilinear coordinates,geometric equations expressed by the Green strain tensor for solving thin shells with large deformation are derived in this paper.

将正交曲线坐标下的格林应变张量引入到薄壳大变形分析，通过建立恰当的基本假设，直接导出了用格林应变张量表示的壳体变形几何方程，将该方程代入到本构方程，由能量原理得到了小应变非线性变形平衡方程、内力方程和边界条件，在此基础上提出了大应变变形的简化分析方法。

Principal plane: Any plane that contains two principal axes is regarded as a principal strain plane, where AB refers to the maximum principal plane, BD, the minimum principal plane and AD, the intermediate one.

主平面：包含任意两个应变主轴的面称为主应变面。其中：AB面为最大主平面，BD面为最小主应变面，AC为中间中应变面。AD面-代表亚性面，BC-代表张性面

Finite strain measures and kinematic vorticity analysis of deformed granite in mylonitic zone show that ductile shear zone is between plane strain and constraint strain and belongs to lengthening-thinning shear zone. Sub-striking stretch lineation in ductile shear zone and dip strea on brittle fault surface are not result of transferring of lineation but production of different deformations.

糜棱岩带变形花岗岩的有限应变测量和运动学涡度分析显示剪切带总体应变为介于平面应变与拉长应变之间的类型，属一般加长-减薄剪切带；断层系中近走向线理和倾向擦痕不是线理转化的结果，而是不同阶段变形的产物。

Results Compared with normal myocardium, the peaks of strain and strain rate curve of ischemic myocardium in systole and EF reduced. The postsystolic shortening wave appeared before operation.

结果 术前缺血节段心肌应变和应变率曲线中应变值和收缩期峰应变率值均小于健康人相应心肌节段并可出现收缩后收缩波；术后经治疗的缺血心肌各指标较术前明显增加，PSS波消失，术后左室射血分数有增加。

Results Compared with normal myocardium, the peaks of strain and strain rate curve of ischemic myocardium in systole and EF reduced. The postsystolic shortening wave appeared before operation. Each index increased and PSS wave disappeared after operation.

结果 术前缺血节段心肌应变和应变率曲线中应变值和收缩期峰应变率值均小于健康人相应心肌节段并可出现收缩后收缩波；术后经治疗的缺血心肌各指标较术前明显增加，PSS波消失，术后左室射血分数有增加。

These tests show that: 1. suction decreases with the increase of the water saturation in the chalk; 2. stress variants proposed are available for describing the stress state of the unsaturated chalk; 3. preconsolidation pressure increases with suction, while the effects of suction on the compressibility coefficients λ and κ are not evident; 4. as usual unsaturated soils, the permeability to oil of chalk increases with the suction; 5. yield strength of the chalk behaves with volumetric strain hardening; 6. cohesive behaviour of the chalk is related to the stress level, and relation between time-dependent deformation and logt is linear; 7. cohesion of the chalk decreases with the increase of the suction, while the elastic stiffness and the cohesion coefficient increase; 8. strength and elastic modulus increase with the strain rate, while the strain at the peak strength decreases with the increase of the strain rate.

试验结果表明，白垩中的虹吸力随水饱和度的降低而提高；吸力、水饱和度和强度的变化过程均与时间有关；可用由理论分析得到的应力状态变量描述非饱和白垩的平衡状态；前期固结压力随吸力增加而提高，而压缩指数λ与κ则同吸力无关；应力大于前期固结压力时，粘性变形与时间的对数关系曲线呈线性关系，其大小和增长速率均随吸力减小而增大，可视为白垩弹性刚度降低和粘性系数增大的结果；前期固结压力和变形模量随着应变速率的提高而提高，压缩指数κ和λ则随应变速率的提高而减小；应变速率较低时，粘性和吸力对前期固结压力及压缩指数的影响较小；白垩中油的渗透性随着吸力增加而提高；白垩在屈服阶段具有明显的体积应变硬化特性。

Again, I maintain that we should use the flexural-tensile strain and the vertical shearing stress of the bottom of cover of the joint as the target for the design of the cover structure of asphalt on the old cement concrete. In addition, on the basis of much theoretical analysis, I preliminarily put forward to a designing methods to anchor the old cement concrete road by using dog irons made of iron bars and then covering it using asphalt concrete structure. Finally, through selecting the plan of the cover of the road to be experimented, and making a detailed introduction to the techniques of construction according to the result of theoretical analysis, I know that after anchoring the slabs close to each other with dog irons made of iron, and then cover them using asphalt cement concrete has an obvious effect on preventing and slowing down the reflection cracks in the bituminous concrete skin coat over the old road.

在大量分析的基础上提出了马钉锚固罩面结构中相邻两块水泥混凝土板接缝处的相对水平位移、相对垂直位移、接缝处沥青层底部的弯拉应变和剪应变的计算公式；再次，提出了采用接缝处罩面层底部的弯拉应变、垂直剪应变作为旧水泥混凝土路面上沥青混凝土罩面结构的设计指标，并在大量理论分析的基础上，初步提出了马钉锚固旧水泥混凝土板后沥青混凝土罩面结构的设计方法；最后，根据理论分析的结果，选定试验路的罩面方案，并对其施工工艺进行了详细的介绍，表明采用钢筋马钉锚固相邻混凝土板后，再进行沥青混凝土罩面的方法在防止或减缓罩面层反射裂缝方面具有明显的效果。

The effects of strain rate on plastic formation and dynamic recrystallization of 7050 aluminum alloy were discussed. The results show that the deformation of the specimen is inhomogeneous, and the effective strain in the center of the specimen is maximum. The deformation inhomogeneity increases with the increase of strain rate. The effective stress of specimen is inhomogeneous. As the strain rate increases, the minimum stress value moves from the drum-shaped region to the heart of specimen. The standard deviation of dynamic recrystallization grain size decreases with the increase of strain rate.

模拟结果表明，热变形过程中，试样的各个部位的变形分布不均匀，心部的等效应变最大，变形的不均匀性随应变速率的增大而增大，但是变化的程度不大；试样内部各部位的应力大小分布不均匀，随应变速率的增大，最小应力值由自由变形的鼓形区域逐步向心部移动；动态再结晶晶粒尺寸标准偏差随应变速率的增加而减小。

First this paper presents two-way seepage consolidation solutions of sand-wall ground, based on the assumption of equal strain boundary conditions. Second, comparisons of the solutions and Barons axisymmetric consolidation theoretical solutions are conducted to find an equivalent and matching method for plane strain analyses and axisymmetric analyses of sand-drained ground.

为了能用平面应变有限元来分析砂井地基，本文首先推导出了砂墙地基(砂井地基在平面应变条件下的表现形式)双向渗流等应变固结理论解，然后将此解与巴隆轴对称固结理论解相比较，得到砂井地基平面应变情况和轴对称情况之间的等效公式。

An anomalous or"inverse"behavior of the critical strain, beyond which the plastic flow involves a bifurcation from smooth to jerky flow, in a certain range of applied strain rate is studied. The evolution of amplitude, rise time and drop time of stress serrations during the test is analyzed statistically. From the mechanism of the motion and multiplication of dislocations, we give a qualitative explanation for above phenomena.

在PLC效应的时域特性方面，研究了临界应变在应变率区间上的反常演化，统计分析了应力锯齿的跌落幅度、上升时间和跌落时间在变形过程中的演化发展，归纳出各特征参量受应变和应变率影响的规律，结合位错运动和增殖的微细观机制，对上述现象给予了定性的解释。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。