工会

The wage rate structure, in fact, may become even more distorted; for the great mass of unorganized workers, whose wage rates even before the inflation were not out of line (and may even have been unduly depressed through union exclusionism), will be penalized further duringthe transition by the rise in prices.

事实上，工资率的结构甚至可能变得更不公平——众多没有参加工会的工人，他们的工资水平甚至在通货膨胀之前就不大符合他们应得的标准（甚至可能因为遭受工会排挤，而被压得过低），而在物价上涨的过渡期间，他们的处境将进一步恶化。

Employers and Labor Unions: We hold up for public execration the conduct of two opposite classes of men: The practice among employers of importing ignorant Negro-American laborers in emergencies, and then affording them neither protection nor permanent employment; and the practice of labor unions in proscribing and boycotting and oppressing thousands of their fellow-toilers, simply because they are black.

雇主和工会：我们把人们这样对待两个对立阶级的行径公之於众，使公众对之深恶痛绝：雇方一方在紧急情况下招进无辜的美国黑人工人，然后既不给他们提供保护，也不让他们长期就业；而工会一方则只因为他们是黑人，便排斥、抵制并欺压这批成千上万的劳苦工友。

In spite of the overwhelming evidence that labor productivity is the fundamental determinant of wages, the conclusion is usually forgotten or derided by labor union leaders and by that large group of economic writers who seek a reputation as "liberals" by parroting them.

尽管有压倒性的证据表明，劳动生产力是工资的根本决定因素，但这个结论常被工会领袖所忘记或者嘲笑、一大批跟在工会领袖屁股后面鹦鹉学舌的经济学家也以此求得"自由主义经济学者"的名声。

In the first place, in spite of the enormous legal and political encouragements (one might in some cases say compulsions) to unionization under the Wagner-Taft-Hartley Act and other laws, it is not an accident that only about a fourth of this nation's gainfully employed workers are unionized.

首先，不论瓦格纳—塔夫脱—哈特利法（ Wagner-Taft-Hartley Act ）以及其他的法律条文怎样从法律上和政治上给予工会组织以极大的支持（人们可能会在某些情况下把这种做法称为强制），但美国只有约四分之一的受雇劳工参加了工会。

Under French law, the works council must be informed of any job cut proposals, and give an opinion on them, before they can go ahead.

根据法国法律，任何裁员提议在实施之前都必须知会工会，工会将对此提出意见。

The Haymarket Square violence slowed the growth of organized labor in the United States for many years. It would be some time before labor became a powerful force in national events.

干草市场广场的暴力事件阻碍了多年美国工会组织的发展，而美国工会曾经是美国社会中一股强大的力量。

The spirit of innovation is a drive and headspring of the development and energy of trade union.

创新精神是工会事业发展的动力，是永葆工会活力的源泉。

This research advocates for amending Article 8 of the Labor Insurance Act to allow workers in units with four or less employees participating Labor Insurance voluntarily through occupational trade unions and providing amnesty to those workers who may have illegitimately participated Labor Insurance through occupational trade unions in order to promote the participation of Labor Insurance for workers in units with four or less employees.

为促进4人以下事业单位劳工参加劳保，本文主张，政府宜改采修正劳工保险条例第八条的策略，允许4人以下事业单位劳工至职业工会自愿投保劳保，并对错误至职业工会投保劳保的4人以下事业单位劳工办理特赦，承认他们已投保的劳保年资。

Labor relation ; industrial relation ; labor union ; harmonious society ; enterprise union

劳动关系；劳资关系；工会；和谐社会；企业工会

Up until this point he had assumed that he was just reshaping trade unions to face a world where industrial jobs and union membership were in decline.

直到这时，他才想到要改造工会，以应对一个工作机会和工会成员不断减少的世界。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。