局部作用

Then, on the basis of above achieved constituent binary results, thermodynamic properties of 10 ternary liquid alioys (Cd-Bi-Pb, Cd-Pb-Sb, Cd-Pb-Sn, Mg-In-Cd, Zn-In- Cd, Cd-Bi-Sn, In-Bi-Pb, Sn-AgPb,Zn-In.Pb, Al-Cu-Zn), 3 quaternary ones (Cd-Bi-Pb-Sn, Zn-Sn-Cd-Bi, Zn-Sn-Cd-Pb) and 1 quinary. one (Zn-Sn-Pb-Cd-Bi) are predicted. For most of investigated multicomponent systems, the calculated activities are in good with the experimental ones, and in particular for multicompoment immiscible ones, the predicted results are satisfactory and exciting. At the same time, the comparison result between the three equations shows that Wilson equation and T-K-Wilson one are more stable than NRTL one, that maybe is because NRTL equation contains a third parameter, and so ,to some degree, Wilson model and T-K-Wilson model are superior to NRTL model. And also the comparison between local composition models and other models such as Pelton- Flengas?method, Krupkowski formalism, mass action concentration model and Hoch- Arpshofen model shows that local composition models are more convenient and credible.

在此基础之上应用局部组成型模型对10个三元液态合金（包括Cd-Bi-Pb、Cd-Pb-Sb、Cd-Pb-Sn、Mg-In-Cd、Zn-In-Cd、Cd-Bi-Sn、In-Bi-Pb、Sn-Ag-Pb、Zn-In-Pb、Al-Cu-Zn），3个四元液态合金（包括Cd-Bi-Pb-Sn、Zn-Sn-Cd-Bi、Zn-Sn-Cd-Pb）和1个五元液态合金（Zn-Sn-Pb-Cd-Bi）的活度进行了预测，预测效果良好，尤其对Zn-In-Pb系和Zn-Sn-Cd-Pb等多元液-液共存体系热力学性质的预测也取得了令人满意的结果；同时对三个方程的比较分析表明：Wilson方程和T-K-Wilson方程在多元系热力学性质的预测中表现稳定，而NRTL方程由于引入了物理意义不清楚的第三参数，使得其具有不确定性和不稳定性的特点，因此Wilson方程和T-K-Wilson方程较NRTL方程更为优越；此外对局部组成型模型与其它模型（如Pelton-Flengas方程、Krupkowski方程、作用浓度模型和Hoch-Arpshofen模型）的比较表明：局部组成型模型同样是优秀的，甚至在某些方面更为简便和可靠。

Combined the geological analysis with analogue modeling experiments,the evolution of the Yinggehai basin could be divided into four main stages:(1) Before 42Ma,controlled by the southeastward extension of the Beibu Gulf basin on the northern continental margin,the Yinggehai basin experienced dextral pull-apart.Bounded by NS-trending Yingxi fault,the transtensional areas mainly are the northwest part and along the eastern boundary of the basin.(2) From 42 to 21Ma,the development of the main rift body in Yinggehai basin was mainly controlled by the southward slip and clockwise rotation of the Indochina block along the Red River fault zone,and the sedimentation was strengthened due to the sinistral transtension.In the east,the subsidence is deepened due to the dextral transtension.(3) From 21 to 10.4Ma,the sinistral movement of the Indochina block slowed down to still.From 21 to 15.5Ma,the northwest part of the basin began to inverse locally because of post-rift thermal subsidence of the whole basin.(4) From 10.4Ma to present,the basin was affected by the dextral movement of the South China block along the Red River fault zone and thermal accident in a new phase at 5Ma.

结合地质分析和物理模拟实验，莺歌海盆地的演化大致可以分为以下4个主要阶段：早期(42 Ma以前)主要受到南海北部陆缘裂解造成的右旋转换伸展作用的影响，但影响范围较小，主要为莺歌海盆地西北部和东部边界。42～21 Ma期间，主要受控于印支地块左行走滑和顺时针旋转作用的影响，莺歌海盆地在此期间发育了主体裂陷体系，东侧受到右旋转换伸展应力场的叠加影响而导致沉降加强；21～10.4 Ma期间，受印支地块逐渐减弱直至停止的左行走滑作用的影响，盆地西北部在21～15.5 Ma期间发生局部反转褶皱，但盆地整体进入以热沉降为主的时期；10.4 Ma以后，盆地受华南地块沿红河断裂右旋走滑作用和5 Ma以后新一期热事件的影响。

6GPa, 1000～1200℃, 2-48h. It is noted that according to the mechanism proposed above, it is own to the local high pressure and local high temperature coaction which making the SiO〓 surface as high energy state, therefore coesite synthesized in the lower conditions.

值得特别指出的，如上面有关高能机械球磨作用机制的研究中知悉，在高能球磨碰撞过程中可产生4～6GPa的局部高压和200～600℃的局部高温，正是局部高压和高温使得SiO〓形成表面高能态的非晶原材料，从而可以比通常低很多的高压高温条件合成出柯石英。

During the Cenozoic, the evolution of the sag might be divided into three stages: during the Eocene, because of regional extension effect of the NW-SE-striking, it was a ramp depression controlled by the Cangdong fault; during the Oligocene, it might have subjected to the combined effects of the NW-SE-striking regional extension and the dextral slipping of the NNE-striking deep fracture zone; during the Neocene and the Quaternary, though the regional extension had mainly stopped, the dextral slipping continued. Inside the slip zone, the local, SN-striking extension related to the dextral slipping became more and more apparent.

新生代演化分为3个时期：NW-SE向区域伸展作用，凹陷是一个由沧东断层控制的断坡凹陷；渐新世，凹陷受NW-SE区域伸展和NNE向深断裂带右旋走滑的共同作用；晚第三纪到第四纪，区域伸展作用基本停止，走滑作用仍在继续，由走滑作用导致的SN向局部伸展作用显得更加突出。

Results:(1) FSN can inhibit secondary joints swelling and multi-arthritis evidently, improve the whole condition of rats; at the same time, it can also lighten the synovial inflammation and hyperplasia of lesion joints distinctly, and prevent the joint cartilage and bone from destruction; the collective efficiency of FSN is better than TWP.(2) FSN can raise AA rats low LTT of spleen to normal nearly, remedy the disorder of Th / Ts and Thl / Th2 cells balance in peripheral blood, restrain exorbitant TNF- a ? IL-1 produced by PM O , thereof exert anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation effect.(3) Inside the lesion joints, FSN can depress abnormal hyper-expression of TNF- a mRNA and NF-kB in synovial tissues, as well as advance the expression of Caspase-3 (a proteolytic enzyme of apoptosis), reduce synovial immflamination and proliferation.(4) FSN can lower the expression of VEGF in synovial tissue,reduce neogenetic veins, so inhibit the growth of pannus tissue and the damage of cartilage and bone by that.(5) The above effect of FSN are in proportion to its dosage.Conclusions: FSN has inhibitory effects on symptom and condition of experimental RA, which is better than TWP as a whole.

结果：(1)FSN有明显的抗炎作用，可显著抑制AA大鼠足跖肿胀与多关节炎，改善大鼠的全身情况，同时明显减轻病变关节滑膜炎症与增生，防止关节软骨及骨质的破坏，其综合作用优于TWP；(2)FSN还能使AA大鼠低下的脾LTT恢复至接近正常，纠正外周血中T细胞亚群Th／Ts及Th1／Th2平衡紊乱，抑制大鼠PHφ过高的TNF-α、IL-1分泌，而发挥抗炎和免疫调节作用；(3)在病变关节局部，FSN能显著抑制AA大鼠滑膜细胞异常增高的TNF-αmRNA的表达，降低滑膜组织中NF-kB表达，并增加凋亡蛋白酶Caspase-3表达，从而抑制滑膜的炎症与增殖；(4)FSN还可下调滑膜组织中VEGF表达，减少血管新生，由此抑制血管翳的形成及其对软骨和软骨下骨的侵蚀；(5)FSN的上述作用皆呈现一定的量效依赖关系，高剂量组作用优于低剂量组。

FSN can raise AA rats low LTT of spleen to normal nearly, remedy the disorder of Th/Ts and Th1/Th2 cells balance in peripheral blood, restrain exorbitant TNF-α、IL-1 produced by PMφ, thereof exert anti-inflammatory and immunoregulation effect.(3) Inside the lesion joints, FSN can depress abnormal hyper-expression of TNF-αmRNA and NF-kB in synovial tissues, as well as advance the expression of Caspase-3 (a proteolytic enzyme of apoptosis), reduce synovial immflammation and proliferation.(4) FSN can lower the expression of VEGF in synovial tissue, reduce neogenetic veins, so inhibit the growth of pannus tissue and the damage of cartilage and bone by that.(5) The above effect of FSN are in proportion to its dosage. Conclusions: FSN has inhibitory effects on symptom and condition of experimental RA, which is better than TWP as a whole.

结果：(1)FSN有明显的抗炎作用，可显著抑制AA大鼠足跖肿胀与多关节炎，改善大鼠的全身情况，同时明显减轻病变关节滑膜炎症与增生，防止关节软骨及骨质的破坏，其综合作用优于TWP；(2)FSN还能使AA大鼠低下的脾LTT恢复至接近正常，纠正外周血中T细胞亚群Th/Ts及Th1/Th2平衡紊乱，抑制大鼠PMφ过高的TNF-α、IL-1分泌，而发挥抗炎和免疫调节作用；(3)在病变关节局部，FSN能显著抑制AA大鼠滑膜细胞异常增高的TNF-αmRNA的表达，降低滑膜组织中NF-kB表达，并增加凋亡蛋白酶Caspase-3表达，从而抑制滑膜的炎症与增殖；(4)FSN还可下调滑膜组织中VEGF表达，减少血管新生，由此抑制血管翳的形成及其对软骨和软骨下骨的侵蚀；(5)FSN的上述作用皆呈现一定的量效依赖关系，高剂量组作用优于低剂量组。

Based on the solution of the collapse load of LTA straight pipe and the stress level of elbow without defect,the solution of the collapse load of LTA pressurized elbow is presented.The way to assess the safety of LTA of pipe bend is given.

本文在对局部减薄直管的极限载荷和无缺陷弯头的应力状态进行研究分析的基础上，提出了内压作用下局部减薄弯头极限载荷的计算式，并给出评定局部减薄弯头安全性的方法。

Compared with the exchange and mutation operation in genetic algorithm ,crossover operation becomes helpless when adaptive value of most individules in demes have little difference.The algorithm falls into local solution and can't be solved by exchange. Although mutation can make it shake off local convergence and jump out of local solution, denteric mutation may destroy the produced module that is constructive to form the optimal solution.

相比遗传算法中的交换和变异操作，当种群的多数个体适应值相差不大时交叉操作就显得无能为力，算法陷入局部解而不能由交换解决，突然变异能够使之摆脱局部收敛而跃出局部解，但是后期的变异可能破坏已产生的对形成最优解有建设性作用的模块。

The paper describes how the local force of the main web is considered as the force caused by the Contact pressure among the trolley wheel, rail and top flange, and how the contact analysis model for the local force is built by means of both Hertz theory and finite element software ANSYS combined. Also, it analyzes the variation of the local stress under the different conditions and comes to a conclusion, and compares the results derived from the experimental formula with the result from ANSYS.

本论文的主要内容：将Hertz接触理论和有限元软件ANSYS结合起来，把主腹板的局部受力问题视为小车轮与轨道及轨道与上翼缘板之间发生接触行为作用下的受力问题，建立了小车轮压作用处偏轨箱形梁主腹板局部受力的接触分析模型，研究不同情况（小车轮压、箱形梁几何参数和轨道截面惯性矩）下局部应力的变化规律，得出相关结论；最后将经验公式解与ANSYS数值解进行对比分析论证。

It makes known that the forming of ore-bearing skarn is the same as that of mineral deposit, and has the same experience of having been affected by the primary sedimentatin which is relating to the hot-water deposition, the regional metamorphism, and the limiting remaking of local magmatic hydrothermalism, and is the result of synthetical action by multiple geological events.

可以看出，含矿矽卡岩的形成同矿床一样，经历了与热水沉积作用有关的原始沉积作用，区域变质作用和局部地段岩浆热液的改造作用，是多次地质事件综合作用的结果。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。