小柱

Aesthetic shaping of the septum may be performed to sculpt the nasal dorsum, help adjust the projection and rotation of the nasal tip, and improve alar/columellar relationships.

可将其雕刻后放在鼻背处对其进行美学塑形，用于调整鼻尖突出度和旋转度，并改善鼻翼/鼻小柱关系。

The lateral nasal and columellar arteries then meet over the dorsal region, forming an alar arcade that runs along the cephalic margin of the lateral crura.

外鼻动脉和鼻小柱动脉在鼻背区域汇合，形成沿外侧脚头侧缘走行的鼻翼弓。

The lateral nasal and columellar arteries then meet over the dorsal region, forming an alar arcade that runs along the cephalic margin of the lateral crura.

侧鼻动脉和鼻小柱动脉在鼻背区域汇合，形成沿外侧脚头侧缘走行的鼻翼弓。

During epithesis, nasal columella were extended, collapse nasal alar cartilages were l iberated and fixed in symmetrical positions, injured upper l ip was extended with nasolabial flap or to "tongue-l ike" flap on nasal base.

术中延长鼻小柱，游离塌陷鼻翼软骨并悬吊固定于对称位置，鼻槛组织瓣或鼻底舌形瓣延长患侧上唇，其中11 例植入L 形硅胶假体隆鼻。

We reconstructed the 3-D and virtual endoscopy image about nasal septum, frontal area of the apertura of sphenoidal sinus, sphenopalatine foramen, sphenopalatine artery and sphenoidal sinus use Volume Rendering, Multiplanar Reformation, Virtual Endoscopy and Curved Planar Reformat, and measured and ,about undertaked The nose, nasal septum, sphenopalatine artery, anterior region of the aperture of sphenoidal sinus, sphenopalatine artery and adjacent structures of hypophysial fossa were dissected, observed, measured and analysised the dependency anatomic structure at the same time.

结果： 一、标本解剖 1、鼻孔长径11.32±0.82(10.2~13.2)mm，鼻孔短径7.85±1.21(5.2~9.8)mm。鼻中隔厚度在前、中、后部分别为5.02±0.42(3.8~5.4)mm、5.57±0.47(4.5~6.4)mm、5.55±0.55(4.8~6.4) mm。 2、鼻中隔骨与软骨交界处距前鼻棘21.26±2.47(18.1~27.6)mm，距鼻孔内侧缘中点33.72±3.52(27.1~40.6)mm，距鼻小柱30.12±2.84(26.9~36.8)mm，距蝶窦口下缘38.04±3.49(32.4~45.1)mm，距后鼻孔41.82±3.96(36.9~50.1)mm。四方软骨中部厚度、边缘厚度、前后径、上下径分别为：1.12±0.13(0.92~1.42)mm、1.28±0.24 (0.83~1.67)mm、30.93±4.52(24.9~40.6)mm、29.94±2.14(24.8~34.3)mm。 3、蝶窦口长5.64±0.39(4.92~5.94)mm，宽3.58±0.22(3.10~3.96)mm，距上鼻甲尾部9.5±0.9(8.5~12.1)mm，距上鼻道未端14.5±1.1(12.5~16.4)mm，距中鼻甲尾

Objective To present the pattern of lateral nasus objectively and realistically, and to provide the surgeons in their design of plastic surgery and relative research with the helpful direction and reference.

目的 为了客观、真实地反映鼻尖侧方形态，以便为整形美容外科手术设计及相关研究提供指导与参考。方法采用鼻尖圆弧弦为参考线，并重新定义了鼻尖角、鼻小柱角、鼻唇角的概念。

Methods Take Millard law as basis,piece of contrapuntal suture C fixed point being designed,rotating,full muscle of mouth wheel sneaking under the piece of skin parting for and will be located in nose pillaret,the wing of nose place in A,B is away from breaking,revolution cotton-padded mattress style sews the ridge taking form up,to be good for lip external shape formation and functional recovering.

以Millard法为基础，定点设计、旋转C瓣对位缝合，在A、B瓣皮下潜行分离并将位于鼻小柱、鼻翼处的口轮匝肌离断，旋转褥式缝合形成嵴，以利于唇外形的形成及功能的恢复。

Lateral crus presented diamond-shaped or long strip,(16.21 ± 2.71) mm in length,(8.45 ± 1.72) mm in width,(1.09 ± 0.18) mm in thickness. Cephalic rim intersected lower edge of lateral nasal cartilage, and slightly covered the lower edge of the lateral nasal cartilage, so that the two were overlapped, but also only the intersection without overlapping. Lateral crus constituted the base of nasal wings. Narrow medial crus formed nasal tip and the frame of front nasal columella, showing posteroinferior curve or S shape,(13.06 ± 2.16) mm in length,(3.79 ± 0.58) mm in width,(1.02 ± 0.18) mm in thickness. The left and right medial crus in the middle were connected by connective tissue, and in the same way connected to the anterior margin of the lateral nasal cartilage.

外侧脚呈菱形或长条形，长(16.21±2.71) mm，宽(8.45±1.72 ) mm，厚(1.09±0.18) mm，头缘与侧鼻软骨下缘相交，并略覆盖侧鼻软骨下缘使二者部分重叠，也可仅相交而无重叠；外侧脚构成鼻翼大部的基础；内侧脚狭细，构成鼻尖和鼻小柱前部的支架，呈向后下的弧形弯曲或S形弯曲，长(13.06±2.16) mm，宽(3.79±0.58) mm，厚(1.02±0.18) mm；左、右内侧脚在正中线借结缔组织相连，并以相同方式连于侧鼻软骨的前下缘。

The anatomic and histological examination and comparison of the musculus depressor septi nasi were performed in 33 normal cadavers and 30 patients with unilateral cleft lip undergoing the operation for secondary nasal deformities.

我们在唇裂与正常鼻肌肉组织的解剖组织学比较观察中发现，单侧完全性唇裂患侧降鼻中隔肌缺损，有助于正确理解唇裂鼻小柱和鼻中隔软骨尾缘的移位与畸形等特征性形态的形成。

Results: The distances from the root of columella nasi to the inforior pole of sphenoidal sinus aperture and the sphenopalatine foramen were (60.40±3.21,58.10-72.76) mm and (62.14±1.93,59.50-73.40) mm, respectively.

结果：鼻小柱根部至蝶窦口下极及蝶腭孔的距离分别为(60.40±3.21，58.10~72.76)mm和(62.14±1.93，59.50~73.40)mm；蝶腭孔至蝶窦口下极的距离为(12.20±1.10，8.10~16.35)mm，在蝶腭孔处蝶腭动脉的外径为(1.99±0.13，1.50~2.80)mm；蝶窦口下极至鼻中隔后上动脉及鼻中隔后下动脉的距离分别为3.49±0.24，2.78~5.20）mm和(6.42±1.08，4.30~8.50mm。

I'm strongly against the death penalty — it's an eye for an eye.

我不赞成死刑——这是以牙还牙的报复行为。

And to get you the support you need, we're enlisting all elements of our national power: our diplomacy and development, our economic might and our moral suasion, so that you and the rest of our military do not bear the burden of our security alone.

并给你们所须的支援，我们正徵召国家所有各种的力量：我们的外交及发展，我们的经济力量与道德劝说，所以你们与其他军人不须要孤独地负起国家安全的责任。