实际存在的

First of all, this paper introduces the whole design project and interrelated knowledge about Non-destructive detection, ultrasonic detection, and Phased-Array ultrasonic detection Then the paper depicts the principle of Phased-Array focus and abstracts a set of math model and feasible arithmetic on the base of the real parameter of the system. Put forward several problems that exist during the course of system development and program. Introduce some measures of distinguish that are often used in non-destructive detecting and echo wave crest. Then I depict one of the measures in detail that used in the course of non-destructive detection, which is the way of distinguishing whether defects exist or not. Then provide part core program to realize it. This paper also provides main flow chart through analyzing how main control program controls different parts to make the whole system more effective.

然后在文中以较大的篇幅，描述了相控阵聚焦的原理，并根据该系统的实际参数，抽象出一套数学模型和可行的算法，在此基础上提出了在系统开发过程及编程实现过程中存在的一些问题；介绍了在无损检测中缺陷的分类和对回波峰常用的识别方法，详述了系统开发过程中使用的其中一种识别方法，即判别是否存在缺陷的算法，并给出实现之的部分核心程序；详述主控程序如何控制各部分并协调各相关软件的工作，使整个系统发挥最高效能，并给出主要设计框图和程序。

Based on the important results obtained from the present research on second degree price discrimination, this dissertation makes a systemic and more practical mathematics study on the side of the manufacturer angels, including further and more deeply research on monopoly manufacturer how to actualize second price discrimination under nonlinear demand function, Nash equilibrium of second degree price discrimination under the condition of competition with different demand functions, monopoly manufacturer how to actualize second

结果表明，其纳什均衡结果存在依赖于两厂商产品的市场占有率，并且两厂商需求区间的分段数越多，其纳什均衡存在的必要条件要求他们的实力越接近；第四章针对实际情况将确定性需求条件下厂商处于完全垄断状态下的二度价格歧视理论研究推广到不确定性需求条件下的二度价格歧视理论研究，更进一步地研究了垄断厂商在线性随机需求条件下的二度价格歧视模型，用计算机模拟了此模型的可行性，分析模拟结果得出了一系列重要结论，最后给出了更具一般性的不确定需求条件下的二度价格歧视模型，并严格证明了此模型的可行性；第五章对全文进行总结。

Based on the study, the paper discloses the nature and the characteristics of pragmatic meaning from the perspective of the definition of pragmatic meaning.( The pragmatic meaning of word refers to the temperative meaning of word which is given in application according to the conceptual meaning of a word, the purpose of users and the context it occurs.) Firstly, the pragmatic meaning is based on its static meaning and the premise of its existing is context in which it appears.

由此，从语用词义(词的语用意义是指在语言运用过程中，人们在词语概念意义的基础上，在一定的语用目的支配下，以语境作为参照而赋予词语的临时意义)的界定入手来揭示语用词义在具体交际中的性质及实际特征：一、语用词义存在的基础是词的静态意义，存在的条件是具体的语境。

In this process, I focus on refuting the arguments which believe social laws are either impossible, impractical, or ungainable. Finally, I aim to find a way to mitigate those a rguments: to weaken the concept of laws to unify laws and rules, and by this way do I want to support the coexistence of different methodologies.

本文以这三个问题为中心，挑选自然主义、反自然主义及多元论的几位典型代表人物的观点来展开论述，重点在于反驳坚持社会科学规律不存在、不实际或不可获得的观点，为化解关键争论找到一个途径：弱化&规律&概念，融规律与规则于一体，以期将此作为支持不同方法论的存在的突破口。

We present an improved DP-MBE SAM; secondly, un-voice analysis is introduced to the DP-MBESAM, so that the improved ASA system can be used not only to separate concurrent vowels but concurrent speech signals with unvoice as well.

针对基于DP-MBE SAM的混叠浊音听觉场景分析系统存在的问题，提出了改进的基于DP-MBE SAM的混叠语音听觉场景分析系统，包括两部分内容，第一，针对DP-MBE SAM在实际的应用中存在的求解矩阵奇异引起的参数模糊及混叠信号谐波频率相同引起的参数模糊问题，借鉴多帧内插方法，提出了改进的DP-MBE SAM；第二，在基于DP-MBE SAM的混叠浊音听觉场景分析系统加入清音分离环节，将系统的应用从浊音推广到含有清浊音的语音信号。

Model HL6000C harvester one rice wheat pairs of person who charges track half feed the entering type combined harvester, It have horsepowers of heavy, efficiency high, adaptable high humidity paddy field person who gather in merit, But because structure its complicated, exist many questions and drawbacks but also in the course of using actually, Through cut this text to it sets of part urge systematic analysis and calculate, find out existing problem its and put forward to among them some solution of problem, In order to improve it cut sets of quality of part, improve overall quality of harvester further.

HL6000C型收割机是一种稻麦双收履带式半喂入型联合收割机，它具有马力大、效率高、可适应高湿度稻田收割等优点，但由于其结构复杂，在实际应用过程中还存在不少问题和弊端，本文通过对其割台部分驱动系统的分析和计算，找出其存在的问题并提出对其中部分问题的解决方案，以提高其割台部分的质量，从而进一步提高收割机的总体质量。

From the point of view of management information construction in building project quality measurement in view of this situation of so many measurement project complex calculation in measurement data, standard quickly renewing, powerful specialization of measurement method that exist and inquires in to the position and the effect of information in quality measurement, announces the relation of building project quality measurement management and information system, and has put forward the basic train of thought of building project quality measurement management information, system construction, At the same time, combining the building project quality measurement management information system construction . At the same time, combing the building project quality measurement management information system construction case of YIFENG company analyses and introduces the real application effect of management information system theory in the quality measurement management activity ,and betokens the enterprise information construction development direction..

本文从建筑工程质量检测管理信息化建设的角度，针对建筑工程质量检测管理上存在的检验项目多、检验资料计算复杂、标准更新快、评定指标和检验方法专业性强等因素，分析了建筑工程质量检测中存在的问题，探讨了管理信息化在质量检测工作中的地位和作用，揭示了建筑工程质量检测与信息系统的关系，提出了建筑工程质量检测管理信息系统建设的基本思路，同时，结合宜峰公司建筑工程质量检测管理信息系统建设的案例，分析介绍了管理信息系统理论在质量检测管理活动中的实际应用效果，预示出企业信息化建设发展方向。

Secondly, it summarizes development and gradual progress about operational risk measurement. Analyzes and compares two main categories at present: bottom-up and top-down, and Loss Distribution Approach of top-down and Income Model of bottom-up is studied deeply, then finds out the main challenges of operational risk measure methods. Thirdly, taking examples for Shanghai Pudong Development Bank and Shenzhen Development Bank, it demonstrates operational risk measurement of our banking using Basic Indicator Approach and Income Model of bottom-up. And by comparing its effects with analysis result of concrete loss incidents of operational risk, it is approved that to apply operational risk measurement to our banking is feasibility. Finally, the paper analyzes difficulties to measure operational risk, such as weak consciousness of measuring operational risk, short of effective modern measuring model, behindhand of loss data collection and lack of perfect inside management mechanism of measurement, and then gives some advices.

接着总结了操作风险度量方法的发展演进过程，对目前度量操作风险的两类主流方法&自下而上&法和&自上而下&法进行了详细的分析和比较，分别选取&自下而上&的损失分布法和&自上而下&的收入模型法展开深入研究，并剖析了操作风险度量方法面临的主要挑战；接着以&浦东发展银行&和&深圳发展银行&为例，选用&自上而下&的基本指标法和收入模型法进行了操作风险度量的实证分析，并将分析结果与使用具体损失事件的实际操作风险分析结果进行了比较，证实了操作风险度量方法应用于我国的可行性；最后文章对我国银行业度量操作风险中存在的现实困难进行了深入探讨，指出了我国存在操作风险度量认识障碍、缺乏适用的现代操作风险度量模型、损失数据收集工作滞后以及操作风险度量缺乏完善的内部管理机制保证四大方面的现实问题，并提出了对策建议。

The logarithm model in fighter plane air combat effectiveness assessment was analyzed firstly, and its deficiencies were put forward. Then, combined with air combat theory and practice, a new method for air combat effectiveness assessment, synthesized index model, was presented aiming at the problems, and the sub effectiveness evaluation models were perfected synchronously.

首先详细分析了战斗机空战效能评估中常用的对数法模型，指出了模型中存在的问题；然后结合空战理论和实际情况，针对原模型存在的问题提出了一种新的效能评估解析计算方法——综合指数模型；同时对综合指数中各分项能力的评估模型进行了修改完善。

In this article, the author attempts to examine the existing rationality of criminal retrial procedure from criminal judicial errors and the res judicata, and analyze its advantages and disadvantages as well as the differences between Chinese and foreign criminal retrial procedure. Then, after analyzing the problems and shortcomings of now-existing criminal retrial procedure in China, the author proposes initial reforming on several key points in criminal retrial procedure, in hope to make the whole criminal retrial procedure develop to a scientific direction.

笔者试图从司法错误、既判力分析入手，去考察其存在的现实合理性，从理论的角度分析国内外刑事再审程序在理念与设计上的差异，同时结合实际剖析我国现行刑事再审程序存在的问题与不足，最后对刑事再审程序中几个关键性问题提出初步的改革措施，以期待有利于刑事再审程序向科学化方向发展。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。