实际存在的

This dissertation involves the study of the growth dynamics of colloidal particles under unequilibrium and irreversibility condition. Firstly, it is of interest to investigate whether the ideal diffusion or reaction-limited aggregation universal behavior can be observed for the initially polydisperse practical system of basic yttrium carbonate as well. The fractal structure of basic yttrium carbonate aggregate cluster was observed using transmission eletron microscopy. The aggregation kinetics of basic yttrium carbonate colloids was studed using dynamic 1ight-scattering techniques. At 1.00mol/l NaCl solution the fast diffusion-limited aggregation behavior was observed with an increase in the aggregate size over time described by a power law. The aggregates are characterized by a fractal dimension D=1.82. The disordered and ramified cluster is consisted of primary colloidal particles and tenuous and more open. These are in good agreement with those observed for other colloidal system such as colloidal gold (1.86), silica (1.85) and polystyrene latex (1.82) in diffusion-limited aggregation from the static and dynamic light scattering by Lin. Therefore ideal diffusion-limited aggregation behavior can be observed in practical polydisperse system as well. Smoluchwski and fractal theories were used to obtain the aggregation rate constant for initially polydisperse system for the first time.

本论文研究胶粒的非平衡不可逆聚集动态学，分为两个部分，第一部分是通过实验研究一个新的初始多分散的碱式碳酸钇胶粒实际体系中，聚集标度性质的普适性，即使用透射电子显微技术观测聚集粒子簇的分形结构，使用动态激光光散射研究碱式碳酸钇胶粒的聚集动力学，胶粒带电而产生静电排斥作用使得碱式碳酸钇胶粒处于稳定状态，当加入电解质NaCl溶液时，碱式碳酸钇胶粒间的Debye-Hückel屏蔽距离缩短，从而降低静电排斥能垒，引起胶粒发生不可逆聚集，加入电解质NaCl的浓度为1.00mol/l时，碱式碳酸钇胶粒进行快速聚集，经历扩散控制聚集机理，形成结构疏松、更为开放的分形聚集粒子簇，其分形维数为1.82，碱式碳酸钇胶粒聚集增长动力学遵循幂函数增长规律，与Lin等使用静态激光光散射和动态激光光散射测量硅胶(1.85)、金胶(1.86)和聚苯乙烯胶乳(1.82)在扩散控制聚集状态形成聚集粒子簇的分形维数值以及粒子簇聚集增长的动力学规律相一致，表明胶粒聚集标度性质的普适性质在初始多分散的实际体系中也是存在的，首次由动态激光光散射的实验数据得到初始多分散胶粒分形粒子簇的聚集速率常数，并且其值与Smoluchowski聚集速率理论预期相符。

Some key part is ameliorated to meet the demands of working. This thesis mainly includes:(1) Analysing the working principle of the spring operateing mechanism, expatiating the character of the mechanism;(2) With the design aim of the spring operating mechanism, accomplishing the design of ZW□-12/630-20 outdoor HV vacuum breaker based on the systemic design theory of the spring operating mechanism, which includes spring mechanism of open-close switch; cam mechanism based on the principle of power balance; buckle-off mechanism with force-minished device; ratchet wheel mechanism with number-increased detent;(3) In the design on the spring operating mechanism for the outdoor vacuum breaker, using the air cushion device with speed controller to ensure the steady working of the spring operating mechanism;(4) Accoding the problem of daily maintenance for HV circuitbreaker, giving some effective steps of daily maintenance.

论文工作主要包括以下几个方面：(1)从真空断路器弹簧操动机构的功能原理出发，详细分析了该机构的工作原理，阐述了机构工作的基本特性；(2)根据工程实际提出了真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计目标，在系统分析弹簧操动机构设计理论的基础上，完成了ZW□-12/630-20型户外真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计工作，其中包括真空断路器弹簧操动机构的分合闸弹簧机构的设计；以输出力特性曲线设计机构理论演化出的功率平衡原则为基础的凸轮机构的设计；带有减力机构的滚动摩擦扣结方式的脱扣机构设计；根据实际情况增加了棘爪数量的棘轮机构设计；(3)在真空断路器弹簧操动机构的设计中，引入了速度控制模式空气缓冲器，对惯性负载起到了良好的自动缓冲效果，从而保证了真空断路器弹簧操动机构稳定、有效地运行，保证了真空断路器的动作质量；(4)针对目前真空断路器运行过程中存在的问题，提出了有效的日常维护措施。

A turbulent jet issuing transversely into a uniform crossflow is an important type of fluid flow and can be found in many engineering applications. It is of both academic and applied value to research its structural features and flow mechanisms.

横向紊动射流是流体运动的一种重要类型，它广泛存在于工程实际应用中，对横向紊动射流流场结构、流动机理的研究具有重要的学术意义，同时对解决工程应用中存在的许多问题具有指导作用。

It also appeared that if the existence of exogamous tribes either actually capturing their wives, or observing the symbol of capture in their marriage ceremonies, should be established in a reasonable number of cases, it would be legitimate inference that exogamy has prevailed wherever we find a system of capture, or the form of capture, existing.

它同样表明，如果外婚部落的存在（无论是实际地捕获他们的妻子，还是在婚礼中刻意表现劫夺的象征）有相当数量的案例加以确定，这将是合理的推论，在任何我们发现系统的劫掠或形式的劫掠存在的地方，都流行外婚。

Critics of the Canadian government's approach cite nuclear power and clean coal-technology as examples of areas where Canada excels and where there is a real need in China - but they point out that other nations, like France or the U.S., are consistently muscling out Canadian firms in these areas, in part because they receive more support in China from their own governments (though, of course, France has had its own hiccups in relations with China in recent years).

批评加拿大政府立场的人士举例说，核能源和清洁煤炭技术都是加拿大拥有优势而中国存在实际需求的领域；但他们指出，法国或美国等其他国家正在这些领域不断将加拿大企业挤出市场，这一定程度上是因为他们从本国政府那里得到了更多在中国经商的支持（不过，当然法国近年来也在中法关系上存在自己的问题）。

That it was a Utopia, there being no known method from the known to the unknown: an infinity renderable equally finite by the suppositious apposition of one or more bodies equally of the same and of different magnitudes: a mobility of illusory forms immobilised in space, remobilised in air: a past which possibly had ceased to exist as a present before its probable spectators had entered actual present existence.

那是无限的。假定各个天体有可能并存，那么也能把它看作是有限的。天体的数目是一个还是一个以上都无所谓，体积相同或不同也无所谓。那是一团能活动的幻觉形态，是在空间里已固定下来的东西，借着空气又重新活动起来。它是过去，未来的观察者们作为现在实际存在之前，它或许已不再作为现在而存在了。

This paper first introduces a system which can detect vehicle disobey the red light. then introduces a arithmetic with shadow elimination to solve the problem of violations detection of yellow line: by day,the quality of the image is good,this arthmetic uses a method which combine the line-frame detection and the HSV color information analysis.this method detect violations according as whether the line-frame of yellow is being destroyed. In order to solve the most important problem in apply instance—interference of shadow,we add HSV color information analysis in the area of yellow line which line-frame is being destroyed. If the shadows proportion is below the threshold,then we determine vehicle violative of yellow line; at night,the quality of the image is not good, we calculate the grey image of differences to detect violations.

本算法在白天图片质量较好时，采用结合HSV颜色空间分析线结构检测算法，该算法利用黄线区域的边缘结构特征作为依据检测是否存在车辆或阴影压黄线，针对实际应用中存在的最大问题即阴影的干扰，加入了HSV颜色空间分析来检测黄线边缘残缺区域，若该位置阴影比重低于一定比例，才认定为是车辆压黄线违章而不是阴影干扰；在夜晚图片质量下降的时候，采用灰度差值法。

ABSTRACT Motived by the status of theoretical studies and the requirements of engineering applications in the fuzzy control system, the characters of fuzzy logic systems are analyzed, the mathematic model of a class of fuzzy logic system is built, especially the ways how to use the model to identify the nonlinear dynamic system and design the adaptive control system are researched deeply in this paper.

本论文根据模糊控制理论研究的发展现状、存在的主要问题以及工程实际应用的基本要求，分析了模糊逻辑系统的特性，建立起一类模糊逻辑系统的数学模型，并对其用于非线性动态系统辨识与自适应控制系统设计方法等方面进行了深入的研究，为解决某些传统方法难以解决的工程实际问题提供了新的思路。

How to carry out comprehensive law execution combines with how to change government function and innovation of administrative management system, it will grope experiences of government institution reform, set up a new administrative constitution along with separation between decision-making and execution, between punishment and technical verification, to stop the demerit of "departmental government power, benefit-oriented department power, profitable examination and approval, sophisticating the way of examine and approve ", to assure scientific government determination, the equity of law execution and proficiency of operation.

本论文利用文献、网络、实际调查数据和信息比较我国其他城市如北京、大连、广州等城市的管理模式，以研究上海市徐汇区城管执法工作的实际为切入点，拟通过对上海市城市管理行政执法体系的分析，以及在实践当中存在的问题的研究，进而研究从上海市级和区、县的宏观层面到街道、镇的微观层面的管理体系、运行机制、人员、机构的设置及执法手段的改进，进一步理顺综合管理与专业管理的关系。

This article aims at the optimization research of enterprise training model for Shengli Oil Field in basis of reference and studying to the training model of foreign advanced enterprises, through the systemic analysis to the actuality and problems existed in its enterprise training, compactly in combination of the actual characters of its staff distribution and relative substantives, by means of integration of theory and practice, combining the character of personnel scatter ,basic unit independent, on the base of studying the foreign advanced enterprise training model, to strengthen the efficient and purpose and to heighten the training effect and quality in order to keeping the oil field sustained and stable develop to cultivate excellent management technical person, in order to realizing"one hundred creative ,one hundred victory"grand prospects to offer the strong mental support and ensure.

本文旨在通过系统分析胜利油田企业培训的现状和存在的问题，并紧密结合胜利油田人员分散、基层单位相对独立等实际特点，采用理论与实践相结合的方法，在借鉴和学习国内外先进企业培训模式的基础上，对胜利油田的企业培训模式进行进一步的优化研究，逐步建立更加符合油田实际的企业培训模式，从而进一步增强企业培训的针对性和有效性，提高培训效果和培训质量，为油田持续、稳定发展培养更多、更优秀的管理、专业技术及高技能人才，为实现&百年创新、百年胜利&的宏伟愿景目标提供强有力的智力支持和保证。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。