创新的

This paper explains meaning and influencing factors of interface effectiveness and structures estimated index system and model of interface effectiveness, which contributes to change the mechanism of corporations' interface management, to abandon static isolated view of interface manage, to treat more the question of interface management from the course of technological innovation; not only to pay close attention to the whole goals and innovative goal of corporations, but else to pay close attention to interface harmony and balance, thus to create a kind of positive good innovative atmosphere; not only to pay attention to the interface of an innovative project, but to pay attention to the continuity and crossing between innovative projects.

本文阐述了企业创新界面有效性的涵义及影响因素并构建了测度界面有效性的指标体系和模型，有助于改变企业界面管理的机制，摒弃静态、孤立的界面管理观点，更多地从技术创新的过程去看待管理界面的问题；不仅仅关注企业的整体目标和创新目标，更要关注界面的和谐与平衡，从而创造一种积极的、良好的创新气氛；不但重视一个创新项目的界面，更要重视创新项目之间的连续性和交叉性。

This paper states the fundamental theory of management innovation which covers the overall systematic inquiry into definition and content of management innovation and analyzes executor, process and motive of management innovation. It discusses Family Enterprises" definition and classification. At the same time, this paper defines family administration and its characteristic and lays emphasis on the analysis of the cause of family management taking form in the Family Enterprises and its advantages and disadvantages. It indicates the significance of management innovation which Family Enterprises implement. After analyzing the graph of management innovation target model, combining concrete states of our country" s Family Enterprises, it puts forward countermeasures of management innovation from the view of concept, strategy, system and orgnization and it also puts forward exterior sustained system that the government needs to do in order to fit a complete set.

论文阐述了管理创新的基本理论，对管理创新的定义和内容做了全面系统的理论探讨，并分析了管理创新的主体、动因和过程；论述了家族企业的定义、分类以及家族化管理的定义和特点，重点分析了家族企业形成家族化管理的原因及利弊，指出家族企业实施管理创新的意义；通过对管理创新目标模式图的分析，结合当前我国家族企业的具体情况，从观念、战略、制度以及组织等方面提出了管理创新的对策，并主要从政府的角度提出了家族企业成功实施管理创新的外部支撑体系。

The paper is structured as follows: section 1 provides an introduction of practical background, research issues, related notion, research framework, research method and innovation points. Section 2 presents related literature review and comments. Section 3 focuses on the research on the factors of industrial environment and networking backgrounds which influencing dualistic-innovation of clustered firms, and puts forward the hypothesizes; Section 4 is the empirical research that inspect and verify the authenticity of hypothesis proposed in section 3; section 5 concentrates on research on coordination mechanism of dualistic-innovation for clustered firms; section 6 is another empirical research that exam the theoretical derivation of section 4; followed by section 7, the conclusion and suggestion for government policy and further research.

论文的主要内容如下：第一章是绪论，介绍研究的现实背景、研究问题、x相关概念、研究框架、研究方法和创新点等；第二章是对文章所涉及的创新领域研究文献的回顾与评述；第三章是网络视角的集群企业二元式创新的影响因素研究，分析影响集群企业二元式创新活动的产业环境和网络环境的关键因素及其作用机制，并提出相应的命题假设；第四章是对应的实证分析，检验上一章提出的二元式创新影响因素的命题假设成立与否；第五章是网络视角的集群企业二元式创新的协调方式研究，提出相应的协调模型和具体的运行机制；第六章同样是对应性的实证分析，检验集群企业二元式创新协调方式的理论推导；第七章是结论、建议与未来的研究展望。

Service innovation involves service concept innovation, service process innovation and clients interface innovation. Because service innovation is more fargoing and requests much intenser interaction with clients than technology innovation, it has more informal or temporary innovation organizations that have self-management control mechanism and exoteric boundary.

服务创新包括概念、过程和界面创新等内容，与技术创新相比，服务创新的范畴更广，同时也有更高的顾客互动要求，反应到创新组织形式上，为非正式化程度高，多以项目团队形式存在等；反应到结构上，则为控制机制的自我监管化，互动界面的开放化、延伸化等。

This paper started with discussion of innovation source, and found the contribution of industrial cluster for technological innovation. In succession, I made a simple depiction of some interrelated theory about industrial cluster technological innovation. Then, I pay more attention about introducing how the industrial cluster played the role of Hatcher, how the relationship between industrial cluster and technological innovation. After studying this, I abstract the model of the enterprises technological innovation in the industrial cluster. I found there were three kinds of model: one is Inner studying model, one is Exterior studying model, and the other is"Indraught- Diffusion- Absorbability"model.

本文开篇以探讨创新源入手，引出了产业集群对技术创新的贡献，接下来在简要的介绍了产业集群的技术创新理论之后，又重点论述了产业集群如何发挥其孵化器的功能、产业集群与技术创新的关联性等方面的问题，引出产业集群中的企业的技术创新模式，主要从集群内部学习型模式、外部学习模式、以及&引进——扩散——吸收&型模式来研究产业集群的创新模式，这些模式各有其优点，并且适用于不同类型的集群企业。

Setting up motiveness system of innovation, inspiringthe activity of the enterprise internal and external of every factor, forming aability of innovation, those are of very important function to the epuility andsuccess of innovation.

民营企业管理体制创新需要内力与外力的共同作用，构建创新的动力机制，调动企业内外各种因素推动创新的积极性，形成创新的合力，对创新的质量、创新的成功有着重要的作用。

Based on this, in the usual classroom instruction, improves the teaching method, provides the innovation to the student the environment, the multi-encourage student questioned, provides the opportunity which for the student may innovate, simultaneously strengthens the student thought training and the improvement appraisal way, lets the student by this be glad in mathematics learning process to explore happily, does everything possible to solve, and achieves as far as possible has the innovation, only then insisted like this, the innovative ideology will certainly to strike root in the hearts of the people, the innovative spirit even more carries forward, student's intelligent wisdom can transnormal effectively displays.

在此基础上，在平时的课堂教学中，多改进教学方法，给学生提供创新的环境，多鼓励学生质疑，为学生提供可创新的机会，同时加强学生思维训练和改进评价方式，以此让学生在数学学习过程中都乐意愉快地去探索，想方设法去解决，并且尽量做到有所创新，只有这样坚持下去，创新意识必将深入人心，创新精神更加发扬光大，学生的聪明智慧才能更有效地超常规发挥出来。

And more works on the structure innovation method and the innovation clews are discussed. And some characteristics of the innovation are also probed into.

更多的内容专注于结构创新和创新线索的探讨，而且一些创新的特点也进行了探讨，还给出了结构创新的几点原则和一些创新方法。

Recent advances in the study of institutional innovation and progress of agricultural technology at home and abroad were retrospected.

论文回顾了国内外关于制度创新与农业技术进步的研究动态，阐述了制度及制度创新的一般理论，提出了制度创新与农业技术进步都是促进农业经济增长的独立变量的观点，从制度创新的基础作用、农业技术进步的诱导功能、制度创新与农业技术的发展阶段性特征方面探讨了制度创新与农业技术进步的辨证关系，并建立了一个模型分析论证它们的互动关系。

Amabile set the subject setting as the first stage on organizational innovation, however, our research indicated that creative appearance is just the first step for organizational innovation of cultural /creative industries, included both of key character and creative ability, moreover, this research showed that the individual factor was the most important element on organizational innovation, and the environment factor was the second, the last was the factor of organization.

研究发现，文化创意产业的组织创新历程阶段与Amabile的组织创新历程阶段模式有所差异，Amibile认为议程设定为组织创新之首要步骤，本研究却显示创意的产生才是文化创意产业组织创新的第一过程，其内容包含了关键人物与创造力；又研究显示，影响组织创新之最重要原因为个人因素，其次为环境与组织因素，此则与Amibile所强调的个人创造力是组织创新之最主要原因互相契合。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。