创新

World is in the , of change reforming and opening of our country Theory , of courage the , of new experience that sum up practice draw lesson from Only the ideological theory in the Party of this , leads to Practise the theory on the foundation and create something new is that the society develop to Create something new through the theory promote the system and create something new , the science and technology initiates Not slack , this is that we want to insist on longer govern the Party 2 .s raise and be on one's own importance of ability create something new and raise 构, be transformed , of important support of economical high way Compete for the force and fight against the important support of ability of risk.

只有这样，党的思想理论才能引导和鼓舞全党和全国人民把中国特色社会主义事业不断推向前进。实践基础上的理论创新是社会发展和变革的先导。通过理论创新推动制度创新、科技创新、文化创新以及其他各方面的创新，不断在实践中探索前进，永不自满，永不懈怠，这是我们要长期坚持的治党治国之道。二。提高自主创新能力的重要性提高自主创新能力，是保持经济长期平稳较快发展的重要支撑，是调整经济结构、转变经济增长方式的重要支撑，是建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的重要支撑，也是提高中国经济的国际竞争力和抗风险能力的重要支撑。

Under cluster innovation environment, SMEs could choose integration of industry, learning and research, technology introduction, cooperative research and development; Empirical studies show that the variable of cluster innovation environment and technical innovation competence in SMEs exits positive correlation; the management department of government and science and technology park should perfect cluster innovation environment,the SMEs should use cluster innovation environment more positively,perfect innovation resources sharing mechanism and cluster learning mechanism, perfecting intermediary service system,establish SMEs'technology innovation system.

政府及科技园区相关管理部门应该进一步完善集群创新环境建设，为群内中小企业营造良好的技术创新环境；中小企业应该更有效的积极利用集群创新环境，更多的通过合作创新实现技术创新能力的提升；健全创新资源共享机制与集群学习机制；健全中介服务体系，建立中小企业技术创新体系，提高中小企业自身技术创新能力。

This paper states the fundamental theory of management innovation which covers the overall systematic inquiry into definition and content of management innovation and analyzes executor, process and motive of management innovation. It discusses Family Enterprises" definition and classification. At the same time, this paper defines family administration and its characteristic and lays emphasis on the analysis of the cause of family management taking form in the Family Enterprises and its advantages and disadvantages. It indicates the significance of management innovation which Family Enterprises implement. After analyzing the graph of management innovation target model, combining concrete states of our country" s Family Enterprises, it puts forward countermeasures of management innovation from the view of concept, strategy, system and orgnization and it also puts forward exterior sustained system that the government needs to do in order to fit a complete set.

论文阐述了管理创新的基本理论，对管理创新的定义和内容做了全面系统的理论探讨，并分析了管理创新的主体、动因和过程；论述了家族企业的定义、分类以及家族化管理的定义和特点，重点分析了家族企业形成家族化管理的原因及利弊，指出家族企业实施管理创新的意义；通过对管理创新目标模式图的分析，结合当前我国家族企业的具体情况，从观念、战略、制度以及组织等方面提出了管理创新的对策，并主要从政府的角度提出了家族企业成功实施管理创新的外部支撑体系。

Rural innovation,which includes demand innovation,factor innovation,industry innovation,environment innovation,organization innovation,system innovation and culture innovation,is classified into four periods such as primitive factor leading,initial factor leading,medium factor leading and high-rank factor leading.

农村创新分为原始要素主导、初级要素主导、中级要素主导和高级要素主导四个阶段，包括需求创新、要素创新、产业创新、环境创新、组织创新、体制创新和文化创新。

Secondly, it summarizes recapitulative the history evolution of lottery industry system construct in China, combines tightly the history and actuality of lottery industry system development in China, analyzes the existent problem concretely and deeply.

最后，本文结合中国彩票业的实际情况以及制度创新的根本要求，提出了中国彩票业制度创新的具体思路和安排，明确了为了中国彩票业的进一步科学发展，就必须进行制度创新，这些创新包括：法律制度创新、组织制度创新、管理创新、技术创新等。

The paper is structured as follows: section 1 provides an introduction of practical background, research issues, related notion, research framework, research method and innovation points. Section 2 presents related literature review and comments. Section 3 focuses on the research on the factors of industrial environment and networking backgrounds which influencing dualistic-innovation of clustered firms, and puts forward the hypothesizes; Section 4 is the empirical research that inspect and verify the authenticity of hypothesis proposed in section 3; section 5 concentrates on research on coordination mechanism of dualistic-innovation for clustered firms; section 6 is another empirical research that exam the theoretical derivation of section 4; followed by section 7, the conclusion and suggestion for government policy and further research.

论文的主要内容如下：第一章是绪论，介绍研究的现实背景、研究问题、x相关概念、研究框架、研究方法和创新点等；第二章是对文章所涉及的创新领域研究文献的回顾与评述；第三章是网络视角的集群企业二元式创新的影响因素研究，分析影响集群企业二元式创新活动的产业环境和网络环境的关键因素及其作用机制，并提出相应的命题假设；第四章是对应的实证分析，检验上一章提出的二元式创新影响因素的命题假设成立与否；第五章是网络视角的集群企业二元式创新的协调方式研究，提出相应的协调模型和具体的运行机制；第六章同样是对应性的实证分析，检验集群企业二元式创新协调方式的理论推导；第七章是结论、建议与未来的研究展望。

In the paper, the new breakthrough characters are linked with the repitious technology innovation platform. On the base of relative uniformity of repitious and distructivty features, the success of distructive technology innovation projects can be same as a leap in the real option chain. An investment decision-making model is established for distructive technology innovation projects, and the investment decision-making features of distructive technology innovation project are researched.

3针对技术创新显现出来的新的突破性特征，本文将其与企业持续性技术创新的平台相联系，利用技术创新的持续性特征和突破性特征的相对统一性，将突破性技术创新项目的投资价值实现作为企业持续性技术创新实物期权链的一次跳跃，给出了突破性技术创新项目的投资决策模型，研究了实物期权方法下突破性技术创新项目的投资决策特征。

Basing on comprehensive analysis of decisive factors of gymnasts' competitive ability and factor influencing technical training competence, and by means of document, investigation, questionnaire and case analysation, we have established theoretical frame of innovation system of competitive Gymnastics and carefully analyzed factors of the innovation system.

本课题研究主要创新点在于：（1）以竞技体操创新的功能和作用为理论依据，对竞技体操创新内容进行了分类，并在对竞技体操运动员竞技能力决定性因素和影响技术训练效果因素进行全面分析的基础上，以技术因素为中心，初步建立了竞技体操创新系统的理论主体框架。（2）对竞技技术创新进行系统研究，揭示了技术创新特征、规律、原则和方法，并对高难动作和连接创新方法进行重点研究。

Mature national technological innovation system is the foun dation of innovation;Modern enterprise system is the core of innovation;Great ma rket demand is the motive force of inn o-vation;Modern education mode is the key to innovation;Favorable cultur ...

完备的国家技术创新系统是创新的基础；现代企业制度是创新的核心；强烈的市场需求是创新的动力；新型的教育模式是创新的关键；良好的技术创新文化环境是创新的前提；完备的知识产权法规制度是创新的保证。

This article pat discusses the importance of the enterprise technology's exploitation,as the restrict factors such as the quality,time,cost of that exploitation's design so as the condition of the green exploitation,etc;including the discussion of conception and mode of the innovation of enterprise-technology ,such as innovation as freedom,immitation,cooperation so as the technology alliance,etc,and as according to requirement indraughting and trainning the personel on purpose、collaborating by choice、combining pertinently、accumulating powers by innovation as well as supporting innovation with powers,all that just being the approach for the enterprise's innovation's strenghth;and thus further more make it the discussion how to support that innovation by use of manpower source,and achieve it's forward development so as to accommodate the market economism of socialism.

本文论述了企业技术开发的重要性，技术开发的制约因素如企业技术开发设计的质量时间成本以及绿色开发的制约等；论述了企业技术创新的概念和模式如自主创新、模仿创新、合作创新、技术联盟等，技术创新能力的途径如按需引进、有目的培养员工、有选择地合作、有针对性地够并，以创新累积能力以能力支撑创新等；又进一步论述了如何利用企业人力资源来支持企业技术创新，实现企业的进一步发展，以适应社会主义市场经济化。

Methods: Five patients with parkinsonism or dystonia were assigned to general anesthesia using an modified endotracheal tube.

本实验依照人体实验之相关规定进行，五位患有帕金森氏症或肌张力异常的病人接受神经立体定位手术。

If you can benefit from this book, it is our honour.

如果您能从本书获益，这将是我们的荣幸。