供应需求

Establishment of optoelectronics industry supply chain order tracking system for Mobile Agent Framework Model.Specific realization of the Mobile Agent in order tracing system under IBM Aglet platform development environment and Mobile Agent technology, combined with the order tracking demand model of optoelectronics industry model.

3建立光电子行业供应链订单跟踪系统移动Agent框架模型，在IBM Aglet开发平台环境下，结合光电子行业订单跟踪的需求模型，对供应链订单跟踪系统进行设计，并对具体的各移动Agent进行了实现。

The demand information asymmetry is common in supply chain and is one of the main factors to low efficiency of supply chain.

需求信息不对称是在供应链合作中普遍存在的现象，是导致供应链效率下降的主要因素之一。

Rather than using traditional inventory as a buffer, capacity flexibility and leadtime flexibility are acted as a buffer mechanism to absorb demand uncertainty and provide some supply flexibility for innovative products supply chain at the tactical level.

用产能柔性和提前期柔性来代替传统的库存缓冲方法，充当一种吸收需求不确定性的缓冲机制，使创新产品供应链从战术上获得供应柔性。

On the other hand, owing to short life cycle and high uncertainty of supply and demand, many companies will have to confront with some risks exposure to capacity or inventory issue when they launch an innovative product to market. This challenges to the supply chain management to innovative products.

另一方面，由于具有短的生命周期、需求和供应的高度不确定，很多厂商在投放这些创新产品时通常会面对产能或库存方面的风险暴露问题，给管理其供应链提出新的挑战。

In a two-echelon newsvendor problem, how to incentive the information holder-the retailer to tell the true demand information is provided in discrete and continuous market state. And the optimal cooperation mechanism of supply chain is put forward. Finally, two examples are illustrated.

针对由一个制造商和一个零售商组成二级报童问题，分别从离散需求模式和连续需求模式给出了激励零售商诚实申报需求信息的条件，提出了实现供应链联合最优的激励机制，并用2个实例对合作机制设计进行了说明。

The government-oriented land reserve model has achieved some good results, but it is still going under way and some problems do exist, which can be listed as follows: 1 The legal rights of the people whose land has been purchased may be infringed upon because of the government's monopoly over the land purchase price; 2 Aimed at increasing land remise income, the local government reduces land supply for the purpose of raising land price, which arouses people's suspicion upon land reserve system. 3 The government-oriented land reserve model needs large funds and it is difficult to meet the demand for funds mainly by bank loans, which results in more risks in the operation of land reserse funds.

在肯定成效的同时，还应看到政府主导型土地储备模式还处在发展初期，实际工作中也遇到了一些问题：一是要求所有进入城市流转的土地必须由政府统一收购，容易引起地方政府利用垄断权利，压低土地收购价格，侵犯土地被收购者的合法权益；二是政府牢牢掌握城市土地供应的主动权，一切土地经由政府垄断供应，但由于土地供应与地方财政收入密切相关，为增加土地出让收益，地方政府采用"饥饿供地法"来达到提高土地价格的目的，引起了人们对土地储备制度的怀疑；三是政府主导型土地储备模式需要巨额资金加以支持，但以银行贷款为主的融资方式难以满足其资金需求，增加了土地储备资金运行的风险。

Based on the production and supply of the coal industry in China, the capital construction projects and their investments in coal industry are investigated. Based on relative data from 1991 to 2000, a system dynamics model for coal suply and investment is formulated under the requitement of coal demand for building a well-off society in an all-round way. Meanwhile, policy analysis of investment for the throughput of state-owned colliery is made and the satisfied results are also obtained.

本文根据我国煤炭生产和供应的实际情况，对全国煤炭工业矿井基本建设项目及其投资情况作了调查，以1991至2000年之间的历史数据为依托，建立了全面建设小康社会期间煤炭需求作用下的全国煤炭生产供应系统动力学模型，并对全面建设小康社会期间国有煤矿供应能力开展了煤炭投资政策分析，取得了一些有意义的结果。

With the adjusted parameters selected from the feasible set,the buyback contract could reasonably distribute the difference of system profit after demand information updating and before,which demonstrated the supply chain management idea of sharing gain and risk simultaneously.

新的契约在协调供应链同时，能够对需求更新前后，供应链系统的利润变化进行合理分配，体现了&利益分享、风险共担&的供应链管理理念。

As one of important content in the SCM, Purchasing Management is a bridge that connects the raw materials and the half-finished products in the field of exchange of production and cooperation, and it promotes the relationship of the production requirement and materials supply.

采购管理作为供应链管理中的一项重要的内容，在供应链企业之间的原材料和半成品的生产合作交流方面架起一座桥梁，沟通生产需求与物资供应的联系。

Base on the structure, character of the supply chain and the theory of the supply chain management, we analyze the relation between the uncertainty of the supply chain and the stock, and build a mathematical model on bullwhip effect by using the difference to describe the fluctuate of the demand.

由供应链的结构及特征、供应链管理的理论出发，分析了供应链的不确定性与库存的关系，并用方差来描述需求的波动，建立了牛鞭效应的数量模型。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。