供应需求

SUPPLY AND DEMAND MARKETS In futures, there are two types of bull and bear markets: supply-driven and demand-driven.

供应和需求在期货中，有2种上涨和下跌：供应推动的和需求推动的。

This paper shows the impact of demand management in the supply chain management. With the dynamic system method, it stimulates demand management of supply chain under the information sharing condition.

从系统动力学的角度出发，模拟了在信息共享条件下的供应链需求管理，指出需求管理会影响供应链的牛鞭效应和成本，负责需求管理的企业不同，产生的影响也会不同。

According to the demand information divulgence in supply chain ordering process, by comparing the supplier's profits between divulging the incumbent's demand information and not divulging the incumbent' demand information, the mechanism of the information divulgence has been analyzed.

针对供应链订货过程中的需求信息泄露现象，通过对比供应商在泄露信息和不泄露信息情况下的收益，研究了供应链需求信息泄露的产生机理。

At present, the housing needs of rapid growth, real estate development, land supply and demand further exacerbate the contradictions, especially in economically developed areas of the city, the lack of land supply elasticity and demand growth, particularly in the contradiction between.

目前，住房需求的快速增长，房地产开发，土地供应和需求的矛盾进一步加剧，特别是在经济发达地区的城市，缺乏土地供应的弹性和需求的增长，特别是在矛盾。

Use the theory of liquidity preference to explain how a decrease in the money supply affects the aggregate demand curve.

答：减少货币供应，使货币供应曲线和货币需求曲线相交在高处，即导致利率提高，利率提高减少了消费和投资，所以总需求下降。最后，总需求曲线向左移。

The absolute solution of Jiaojia ERP is put forward, the system models are established, and the solution are explained in detail. The business program of Jiaojia gold mine is reengineered based on the theory of "business centers", and the program-oriented compressed organization is framed. The index group and the solution of mine total quality management are setup. Then the optimize program of SCM and its components are designed on the guidance of "Horizontal Integration". The data of Jiaojia gold mine are reengineered based on the data warehouse technology. The information integration can be available after the establish of the business oriented databases, the subject integration oriented data marts, the application oriented data warehouses, the code databases and metadata, as weil as the OLAP system. The mathematics models and data mining modes are set up to function for the decision support of ERP system. The model of programming Master Production Schedule driven by geological resources and marked is figured out, so as to the models for material requirements planning and other decision supports are set up. The models provide service in forms of model storehouse, method storehouse, and algorithm tools center. The agent center is introduced to process the models' organizing, service, as well as self-study. The function system of Jiaojia gold mine ERP is figured out. By combining the development characteristics of Clients/Server and Browse/Server, the general framework and every sub systems are described in detail, including the function, structure, arrangement, modality, and so on.

主要内容如下：（1）深入论述了黄金矿山实施ERP的可行性，并结合应用需求将ERP理论在深度和广度上进行了拓延，建立了黄金矿山ERP系统的理论基础：以资源与市场共同驱动的供应链管理；黄金矿山的双重物流体系；以地质资源有效利用为目标的生产控制体系；黄金矿山财务管理的成本控制核心理论等；（2）提出焦家金矿ERP系统的整体解决方案，构建ERP系统模型，并进行了细节方案的设计：基于"作业过程核心"理论重新规划焦家金矿的业务流程，在此基础上设计面向流程的"扁平化"组织机构；建立了矿石全面质量管理的指标体系和实施方案；以"横向一体化"为指导思想，提出供应链管理各组成部分的全面优化方案；（3）以数据仓库技术为核心完成焦家金矿的数据规划，分别建立面向业务的数据库、面向主题集成的数据集市和面向主题应用的数据仓库，设计代码数据库和元数据库，定义OLAP方式，实现焦家金矿的全面信息集成；（4）针对ERP系统中的决策支持功能，建立了相应的数学模型和数据挖掘模型，提出了地质资源和市场共同驱动的主生产计划模型制定过程，进一步建立了物料需求计划的线性规划模型，以及其它决策支持模型；提出以模型库、方法库和算法工具为核心的模型服务方式，并设计了代理机制完成模型的组织、服务和自学习过程；（5）构建焦家金矿ERP系统的功能体系，针对C/S和B/S模式系统的开发特点，分别对功能体系架构以及各子系统的功能、结构、层次和形式进行详细设计。

Thirdly, the paper emphatically discusses the role of revenue-sharing contract in the coordination mechanism, which lucubrates this contract by standard newsvendor model in three situations about demand which are stochastic demand, price-sensitive demand, retailer sale-effort dependent demand, and the research result indicates the revenue-sharing contract is a well-behaved cooperation tool and could improve the performance of supply chain.

第三，着重讨论了利益共享契约在供应链协调中的作用，借助于标准的报童模型在三种不同情况下对该契约进行了深入地分析：销售商面临随机的市场需求；需求具有价格敏感性；销售商努力水平影响需求变化，结果表明该契约是一个相对较好的协调工具，可以有效地改善供应链的绩效。

The formation of large amount of money the demolition of housing consumption demand, which focus on the formation of a large number of demolition by the concentration of the original purchase disrupt the normal requirements of real estate under the conditions of supply, so the volume in the demolition, land acquisition the most concentrated amount of provinces and cities, regions of the supply of housing production lack of hunger and real estate prices, high-speed upgrade and rapid growth in consumer demand.

形成大量的资金拆毁住房消费需求，重点是形成了大量的拆迁由浓度的原始购买扰乱正常的房地产需求的条件下，供应，使该卷中的拆迁，征用土地的数量最集中的省份和城市，地区的住房的供应生产缺乏饥饿和房地产价格的高速升级和快速增长的消费需求。

In the first, the thesis classes the information that could be shared in supply chain, stock information, demand information, sell forecast information, produce/deliver plan information and others. Then describes the flow of information in supply chain, establishes the decentralized, centralized and colligated control model of information flow. Through the analysis of indetermination, information asymmetry, bull-effect and the balance of collision target in supply chain, explains the value of information in supply chain.

论文首先对供应链中的可共享信息做出了界定，包括库存信息、需求信息、销售预测信息、生产/配送计划信息以及其它信息等；分析了供应链中的信息流，建构了信息流的分散控制、集中控制及综合协调控制三种控制模式；并通过对供应链中的不确定性与信息不对称，&牛鞭效应&的形成与产生原因以及供应链冲突目标的协调分析，说明了供应链中的信息价值。

According to Wang, the city in 2004 issued a series to invigorate the stock of real estate policies, including various types of idle speed up the clearance of land, and properly deal with the expiration of real estate and real estate issues left over by history, inter alia, to expedite the processing of the "uncompleted flats", to actively promote the "Villages" transformation of a wide range of utilizing land in stock and the stock of real estate measures, which is conducive not only to the city to contain the deterioration of the city's ecological environment, to further improve the urban landscape, but also be able to add real estate in the city and tightening the supply of land for continued strong market demand, under the premise of the increase in effective real estate supply, to solve the increasingly sharp contradictions of market supply and demand, the city's residents to meet the growing demand for living.

另据介绍，该市于2004年出台了一系列搞活存量房地产的政策，包括各类闲置加快清理土地，妥善处理到期房地产和房地产历史遗留问题，除其他外，加快处理的&楼花&，积极推进&城中村&改造的范围广泛的盘活存量土地和存量房地产措施，这不仅有利于城市，以控制恶化的城市生态环境，以进一步改善城市景观，而且还能够购买房地产在城市和紧缩土地供应的持续强劲的市场需求，的前提下，增加有效的房地产供应，解决日益尖锐的矛盾，市场供给和需求，城市的居民，以满足不断增长的需求生活水平。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。