亲水的

When the sodium lauryl sulfate and p-octyl polyethylene glycol phenyl ether is used and its level in 3% and 6: 4 ratio, the polymerization process has the lowest coagulum and the highest monomer conversion. Higher reaction temperature and more level hydroxyl value lead to more coagulum, the latter also lead to larger particle size. The acid value has larger influence on viscosity and coagulum, there exist a best range. The emulsion particle size is larger for its hydrophilicity, most of its particles are connected together.

在含较高亲水单体的乳液聚合体系中，难以制得稳定的预乳化液，不能采用工业生产中常用的预乳化工艺，而只能采用混合单体直接滴加的方法；由于单体混合物的亲水亲油值较高，用阴离子型乳化剂十二烷基硫酸钠和非离子型乳化剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚混合，用量为单体总量的3％，且比例在6：4时，乳液聚合时具有最低的凝聚物含量和最高的单体转化率；乳液聚合反应温度升高，可以提高单体转化率，增加反应速度，但凝聚率相应提高；随着羟基单体含量的增加，聚合过程中凝聚率增加，聚合物乳胶粒平均直径增加；羧基单体有一个最佳的用量（2.6％），过高或过低凝聚率均提高；羧基含量对乳液的粘度有较大的影响，当羧基含量较低时，羧基含量增加，乳液粘度增加明显；含羟基乳液粒子由于含亲水基团较多，使得乳胶粒径增大，乳胶粒子大多数互相凝聚在一起，处于凝聚态。

However, most of these amphiphilic copolymers are composed of hydrophobic main chain and hydrophilic side chains.

但是，就目前的两亲性接枝共聚物而言，其主链大部分是由憎水链组成的，而支链则由亲水链组成。

In order to resolve the repeatability of contact angle measurement, the factors such as droplet volume, measure time, hydrophilic and hydrophobic targets were studied by using deionized water on glass and paraffin surface.

针对喷雾液滴在靶标上接触角测量的重现性不佳等问题，以玻璃和石蜡模拟靶标表面，研究了去离子水在亲水和疏水靶标表面上液滴体积和测量时间对接触角测量的影响，结果表明：液滴体积越大接触角越小，这种趋势在亲水表面比疏水表面上更突出，测量时体积可分别选择在0.5~1μl和1~5μl；液滴滴下30-50s后与固体表面基本达到平衡，对接触角测量的准确度影响较小。

The main contribution of this paper is summarized as follow:1 Copolymer acrylate resin including hydroxyl, carboxylic and amina(-NH_2) is a new type of antifogging system and ahydrophi- lic antifogging constituents which is not found before.2 Water-soluble acrylate resin hydrophilic antifogging coating material is a new-type environmental protection material which takes ethanol as solvent and whose pastiness is adjusted by deionized water.3 The quality rate of accessory soft monomer ethyl acrylate and accessory hard monomer butyl methacrylate is 6 to 4, the quality rate of functional monomers in all monomers is 20 percent, the quality rate of MAA in the functional monomers is 22 percent, the quality rate of β-hydroxyl ethyl acrylate in the functional monomers is 8 to 10 percent and the remainder of functional monomer is acrylic acid.4 Cross-linking agent methylol acrylamide belongs to self-cross-linking system.

本文的主要贡献概述如下： 1 含有亲水羧基、羟基和氨基(-NH_2)丙烯酸共聚树脂是一种新型高效的防雾体系，用的亲水防雾组分是前所未有的。 2 以乙醇为溶剂制得水溶性丙烯酸树脂具有很好的水溶性能和防雾性能，只需加入去离子水就可以调节它的粘度，是一种新型的环保型防雾材料。 3 辅助软单体丙烯酸乙酯和辅助硬单体甲基丙烯酸甲酯最佳配比为质量比6∶4；官能单体占单体总量的20%，甲基丙烯酸占官能单体总量10～15%，甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯占官能单体总量的8～10%，剩下的为丙烯酸。

Its hydrophilic groups is the inside carbonyl and amine base, and its lipophilic groups is the inside hydrocarbon chain and outer methyl. PAMAM of integral generation basically has not the surface activity. Its reason is that its outer groups is acylamino groups having very strong hydrophilicity so as not to reduce the surface tension of water. PAMAM different from traditional surfactant, have not critical micelle concentration, and exist in the form of "unimolecule micelle" in water.

结果表明：半代的PAMAM水溶液的表面活性与其分子具有两亲结构有关，亲水基团是内部的羰基和胺基，亲油基团是内部的碳氢链和外层的甲基；整代的PAMAM水溶液基本上没有表面活性，其原因是其最外层基团是酰胺基，亲水性很强，不能降低水的表面张力；树状大分子与传统的表面活性剂不同，不存在临界胶束浓度，在水中是以&单分子胶束&形式存在。

Gemini surfactants is especial structure surfactants which have two hydrophile groups and two hydrophobic groups, and traditional surfactants only have one hydrophile group and one hydrophobic group, Gemini surfactants have better and higher surface activity.

双子表面活性剂是具有两个亲水基团和两个亲油基团的一类特殊结构的表面活性剂，比传统表面活性剂(只有一个亲水基团和一个亲油基团)有更高，更好的表面活性。

Studied the coordination chemical reaction of Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Mg、Ca、Al with TC,OTC,CTC and the ternary association of Co-OTC、Ni-CTC with DAN,we found that the formation of new compounds improved significantly the hydrophilic properties of TCs,the TCs are transformed into hydrophobe from hydrophilic matter.

2研究了Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Mg、Ca、Al与TC、OTC、CTC之间的配位化学反应和Co-OTC、Ni-CTC与DAN之间的三元缔合作用，发现新化合物的形成显著改善了TC、OTC、CTC的亲水性能，使其由亲水物质转变为疏水物质，有利于提高亲水有机溶剂气浮浮选体系对水样中痕量四环素类抗生素的测定灵敏度和分离/富集效率。

Hydrophobic-hydrophilic macroporous polydivinylbenzene/polyacrylethylenediamine interpenetrating polymer networks (PDVB/PAEM IPN) were prepared by the sequential suspension polymerization method. These were composed of two networks, of which one was hydrophobic and the other was hydrophilic. The objective of this work was to study the adsorption thermodynamics and adsorption kinetics of this hydrophobic- hydrophilic IPN. The focus was on adsorption isotherms of vanillin at different temperatures, and these fit well into the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The isosteric adsorption enthalpy, adsorption Gibbs free energies and the adsorption entropy could be calculated according to thermodynamic functions.

采用分步悬浮聚合法制备了具有疏水性能的聚二乙烯基苯(polydivinylbenzene， PDVB)为第一网，具有亲水性能的聚丙烯酰乙二胺(polyacrylethylenediamine， PAEM)为第二网的疏水／亲水大孔聚二乙烯基苯／聚丙烯酰乙二胺互穿聚合物网络(interpenetrating polymer networks， IPN)，研究这类疏水／亲水IPN组成的树脂对吸附质的吸附热力学和吸附动力学；测定了该树脂对香兰素在不同温度下的吸附等温线，吸附等温线符合Freundlich等温吸附方程，利用热力学函数关系计算出了吸附焓、自由能和熵变。

The bare copper portions are oleophilic and consequently fatty ink-accepting whereas the non-etched hydrophilic chromium portions are moistened by the aqueous liquid emulsified in the ink or provided by the damping system in the planographic printing device.

裸铜部分是亲油性，因此脂肪油墨，而在非亲水铬部分蚀刻接受均是由油墨乳化的水液湿或在平版印刷设备减震系统提供。

We use AOT/iso-octane/water reverse micelles as a biological model to mimic the properties of triplet-excited-state porphyrin in the interfacial region. The amphiphilic property of compound is difficult to evaluate for different system.

用AOT／异辛烷／水反相胶束体系营造了一个多相、多界面的环境，通过对卟啉化合物三重态寿命的测量，研究了以亲水基团为端基的具有不同侧链链长的两亲卟啉化合物的界面行为，探讨了卟啉化合物的亲水疏水性质与界面环境间的相互作用，这对卟啉类光疗药物的结构优化具有帮助。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。