查询词典 temperature gradient

Based on this principle, the mathematical model of an exothermic reactor is established to caculate Exothermic reator length L corresponding to reation temperature T, reation temperature T corresponding to ammonia mole fraction y and the average internal reactor wall temperature Tave corresponding to exergy output Enet and thermal power output Q. The curves of L-T, T-y, Q/Enet –Tave are drawn with the caculated date which can directly reflect the influence of reactor inlet gas temperature and reactant flow rate on ammonia synthesis reaction for the reactor under the conditions of definite design pressure and hydrogen/nitrogen ratio. Furthermore, the design parameters to realize maximum exergy output and thermal output are presented.

文章分析了储能体系的选择，介绍了氨基热化学储能的基本原理，在此基础上建立了放热反应器的数学模型，计算和绘制出了L-T、T-y以及热量和佣输出与反应器内壁平均温度之间的关系曲线，直观地反映了在一定的设计压力和氢氮比条件下，进气温度和进气流率对放热反应的影响，给出了实现佣最优化和热能最优化的操作参数。

At last the paper realized the advantages and disadvantages of passive solar building and adnvanced some suggestions in future research. From another point, the paper logged the process of the building of the experimental equipment and the mounting of the measurement equipments that accumulated some operating experimence.Carrying experiments, calculating and analyzing the experimental data for more than 2 years, the paper gained some constructive conclusions. In winter the indoor air temperature and RH are lower than comfort criteria, but people feels very comfortable in the passive solar house. The thermo-circulation formed by Trombe wall play an important role in improving indoor air temperature and RH. Based on the analogy analysis theory, the natural convection heat transfer in the air gap can be treated as superposition of two natural convection heat transfer processes occurring over isolated isothermal vertical flat plate, in this case namely the massive wall and glazing. Two empirical formulas for Q and Nu are obtained. The investigation shows that the optimal time to open the damper should comply with the period that the thermo-circulation happens which can be controlled by thermal response characteristics of Trombe wall surface temperature and air temperature in the air gap.

经过两年多的实测和计算，根据传热学、流体力学、统计学等学科的基础理论，对大量数据进行整理归类、分析讨论，主要得到如下结论：(1)冬季，含有特朗贝墙体的被动式太阳房室内热湿环境较舒适性标准偏低，但人体感觉比较舒适，特朗贝墙体形成的热循环通风在调节室内温度和相对湿度方面起到很大的作用；(2)特朗贝墙体空气间层自然对流可以看作是两个等温独立大平板的自然对流换热过程的叠加，通过与大平板自然对流理论类比获得了计算热循环过程中对流换热量的经验公式；(3)特朗贝墙体通风口的启闭可以根据玻璃幕墙内壁面温度、蓄热墙体外壁面温度和空气间层进出口空气温度之间的关系来进行控制，从而有效地阻挡冬季冷循环的发生；(4)夏季，如没有有效的通风降温措施，被动式太阳房内会产生明显的过热。

Two special TL phenomena have been found in Yanzhuang meteorite through the determination of the natural TL, annealed TL and induced TL by β radiation: l.when the sample of Yanzhuang meteorite is annealed at temperature up to 500℃, the TL peak induced by β rays moves to lower temperature with the increasing of irradiation dose; 2.when the annealed temperature is greater than 600℃, the TL peak temperature of the annealed sample is higher than that of the unannealed sample.

991年10月31日21点45分在广东省翁源县岩庄乡境内发生了陨石降落。从降落现场收集到3.skg的陨石样品，经初步鉴定为H6型、具有强冲击变质特性的珍稀普通球粒陨石。根据陨石命名规则定名为岩庄陨石。普通球粒陨石是目前研究太阳系早期所发生的化学与物理变化过程的最好的信息来源。

Tests on road performance of SMA mixture with terylene long fiber and xylon fiber were conducted at both high temperature and low temperature. It was found that the resistances of lignin fiber to asphalt run-off, deflection at high temperature, and water damage were higher than those of terylene long fiber, while the effects of lignin fiber and terylene long fiber on anti-dispersion loss performance and anti-cracking performance at low temperature were basically similar.

通过沥青混合料路用性能试验，研究了涤纶长纤维与木质素纤维对SMA混合料高、低温等路用性质影响，发现同等掺量情况下，木质素纤维对SMA混合料抗析漏性能、抗高温变形性能和抗水损害的贡献好于涤纶长纤维；而二者对混合料的抗飞散损失性能和低温抗裂性能的影响基本相同。

Consolidation test is a important link of obtaining mechanical properties index of soil and coefficient of compressibility gained through the test is a key data to evaluating the compressibility of soil. Consisting of solid phase and liquid phase of the salty soil is different from the non-salty one. Eutectic salt in soil may exist as liquid phase, solid phase or both of them and these phases can interconvert because it is affected by temperature, Na_2SO_4 content, water content. Especially when temperature drops, Na_2SO_4 will crystallize and expand, namely salt expansion of soil. These particularities make soil sample put in environmental cabinet when consolidation test is going on. So soil sample can be compressed by temperature controlling system under a set temperature.From experiment, the formulae counting coefficient of compressibility of salty soil have been given.

土的固结试验，是取得土的力学性质指标的一个重要环节，因为土的固结试验所取得的压缩系数，对评价土的压缩性是一个关键数据，但由于盐渍土的固相、液相组成和非盐渍土不同，土中易溶盐受温度、含盐量、含水量的影响可以以液相、固相、液相和固相混合形式存在，且它们之间的存在形式可以相互转换，尤其是当温度下降时，硫酸钠便结晶产生体积膨胀，即盐胀，这些特殊性就使得在进行硫酸盐渍土的固结实验时，须将土样放置在环境箱中，通过温度控制系统使土样在设定的温度下受压产生变形。

The results show that Fe0.13[Co20Ni80]0.87 alloy fibers are characterized with thin diameters between 0.3 and 2.0 μm, with high aspect ratio, dense and smooth surfaces. The crystalline size of the alloy fibers are mainly influenced by the thermal reduction temperature and are in the range of 20 to 50 nm with a corresponding reduction temperature range of 300 to 700 ℃. The magnetic properties of the alloy fibers are largely affected by the carbon content and crystalline sizes of the alloy fibers. With increasing thermal reduction temperature, the coercivity decreases while the saturation magnetisation value of the alloy fibers dramatically increases at lower reduction temperatures. The alloy fibers prepared at reduction temperature of 700 ℃ have a saturation magnetisation value of 120 Am2/kg and a coercivity value of 10.4 kA/m, respectively.

结果表明：Fe0.13[Co20Ni80]0.87合金纤维的直径为0.3~2.0 μm，表面光滑、长径比大；组成合金纤维的晶粒大小与还原温度密切相关，当温度为300~700 ℃时，晶粒尺寸由约20 nm增加到约50 nm；该合金纤维显铁磁性，其矫顽力主要受合金中C含量及晶粒大小的影响，随制备温度的升高而降低；饱和磁化强度则主要与合金的组分相关，随还原温度的升高和合金纯度的提高而增大；经700 ℃热还原后，合金纤维的饱和磁化强度 m s为120 Am2/kg，矫顽力 H c为10.4 kA/m。

The results show that the mechanical properties of this PMMA depend strongly on the testing temperature. The Young's modulus and flow stress were found to decrease with increasing temperature at low strain rate. At the strain rate of 10^(-1) 1/s, strain soften was observed under all experiment temperatures. At high strain rate, with the temperature increase, the flow stress deceases remarkably while the failure strain increases, and the strain softening was also observed at the temperature above 333K.

试验结果表明：在准静态载荷下，随着温度的升高，材料的弹性模量和流动应力减小，在应变率为10^(-1) 1/s时表现出明显的应变软化行为；在高应变率(550 1/s)下，随着温度的升高，材料的流动应力逐渐减小而破坏应变增大，当温度超过333K时也有应变软化现象发生；在相同温度下，随着应变率的升高，材料的流动应力增大，但破坏应变减小。

The results are shown as below.1 Tectono-thermal evolution: The history of the Songliao basin is divides into four stages, high-temperature doming and extension, high-temperature rifting, low-temperature depression, and low-temperature shrinkage. Numerical simulation of mechanical process shows that the basin appeared in the early- to late- Jurassic as a result of rapid low-angle subduction of the Pacific plate towards the northwest, of movement of the Siberian block towards the southeast, of many other influences such as internal thermal stress in the mantle, gravitational force, stress of phase transition, etc. Both the Pacific plate and the Siberian block slowed down in the early Cretaceous, and almost stopped in the middle Cretaceous with the rapid decrease of abnormal heat in the mantle below.

盆地构造热演化力源机制数值模拟研究表明：早、中侏罗世至晚侏罗世晚期，盆地演化主要是太平洋块体向北西方向以低角度快速俯冲和西伯利亚块体向东南俯冲共同作用的结果，同时也与地幔内部热力、重力、相变力以及地球自转及公转速度变化效应和上覆块体绝对运动的作用有关；早白垩世早期至早白垩世中期，来自东部太平洋块体俯冲作用的减弱，而这一时期影响盆地演化的主要力源是地幔内部热力、重力、相变力以及地球自转及公转速度变化效应和来自西伯利亚块体俯冲作用；进入早白垩世晚期至晚白垩世早期，由于双重俯冲带中西侧俯冲作用带基本停止活动，而本区地幔热能的快速衰减则控制盆地的构造热演化；晚白垩世晚期以后，太平洋块体活动加强和地幔热运动是影响盆地演化的主要动力。

Electronic laminating machine this behavior particularly acute exceeded the critical temperature to master film covering the work area, not only complex, as well as well so that the markinf matozoa near the cross-linking reaction, matozoa issued the curing approximate hard, so that when it again when heated intenerated reluctant, covered with plastic film operation the correct temperature control methods, and that is fine is extremely close to master the cross-linking reaction temperature of the resin coated temperature.

电子复膜机这种现象特别明显）恰到好处地掌握覆膜温度临界工作区域，不仅复合效果好，同时还使热熔胶体接近交联反应的热点，胶体的固化近似发硬、这样当其再度受热时就不会轻易软化，覆膜操作正确的温度控制方法，就是精细掌握这种极为接近交联反应温度的覆膜温度。

The method for starting the high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack preheats the stack through a heating block coupled to the stack, senses the temperature of the stack, compares the sensed temperature of the stack with a reference temperature, and supplies off-gas from the fuel reformer to the stack according to the results of comparison.

该启动高温聚合物电解质膜燃料电池堆的方法通过与电池堆相连的加热块预热电池堆，检测电池堆的温度，将检测到的电池堆的温度与参考温度进行比较，并根据比较结果向电池堆提供来自燃料重整器的废气。

Bob Eckert has been chairman and chief executive of Mattel for eight years.

美泰董事长兼首席执行官鲍勃·埃克尔特在任已8年。

The outlook for honors and disgraces carries on and surpasses the traditional outlook for honors and disgraces theoretically, and carries on and develops the theory of construction of socialist mora...

社会主义荣辱观的提出在理论上是对传统荣辱观的一次继承和超越，是对社会主义道德建设理论的继承和发展，在实践上有利于形成良好的社会风尚。